On May 4, 2020, three voters and an advocacy organization brought this suit to place an initiative on Michigan’s 2020 general election ballot. The plaintiffs sought declaratory and injunctive relief requiring the defendants to enjoin the ballot-access signature requirement and filing deadline. The plaintiffs also filed a temporary restraining order (TRO) barring the defendants from enforcing the deadline. On June 11, the preliminary injunction was granted, and the defendants appealed to the Sixth Circuit. The Sixth Circuit denied to stay the preliminary injunction pending appeal. On July 23, 2020, the plaintiffs voluntarily dismissed the case.
On May 4, 2020, three voters and an advocacy organization seeking to place an initiative on Michigan’s 2020 general election ballot filed this lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan against the Governor of Michigan, the Secretary of State of Michigan, and the Michigan Bureau of Elections. The plaintiffs challenged the constitutionality of the state’s signature and filing requirements for the general election ballot. Specifically, the plaintiffs alleged that the combination of Michigan’s ballot access procedure and Governor Witmer’s executive order precluded organizations from submitting ballot initiative petitions in violation of the First and Fourteenth Amendments.
The plaintiffs brought this lawsuit as a declaratory action under 28 U.S.C. § 2201 and as an injunctive action under 42 U.S.C. § 1983, seeking an order requiring the defendants to enjoin the ballot-access signature requirement and filing deadline. The plaintiffs also filed a temporary restraining order (TRO) to bar the defendants from enforcing the deadline. Additionally, the plaintiffs sought attorney fees. The case was assigned to District Judge Matthew F. Leitman. The plaintiffs were self-represented.
The plaintiffs had submitted a ballot initiative petition to the Michigan Secretary of State on January 16, 2019 which was rejected on the basis that the plaintiffs did not meet the state's signature and filing requirements. Michigan election law required proponents of the ballot initiative to submit 340,047 valid signatures by May 27 to meet the signature and filing deadline. On March 23, 2020 Governor Whitmer announced an executive order prohibiting all public gatherings, which remained in effect for over two months. Prior to the executive order, the plaintiffs had collected approximately 210,000 signatures with two months remaining. The defendants excluded the plaintiffs’ ballot initiative from the 2020 general ballot.
On June 11, 2020, the court granted the preliminary injunction. 2020 WL 3097266. The injunction required the defendants to reduce the burden on ballot access and to narrow its restrictions to make the ballot initiative application constitutional. The defendants submitted a notice of the proposed remedy on June 18, with the option of either extending the deadline or allowing the plaintiffs an opportunity to qualify for the 2022 ballot with the signatures already collected. The court rejected the proposed remedy on June 23 for not properly remedying the constitutional violation.
On June 23, 2020 the defendants appealed to the Sixth Circuit. 20−01594. The same day, the defendant’s motion to stay the preliminary injunction pending appeal was denied by the district court. WL 3447694. The following day, the defendants filed an emergency motion to stay the district court order pending appeal to the Sixth Circuit. On July 2, the Sixth Circuit denied the motion to stay and directed the district court to address any further remedies proposed by the defendants by July 15. 2020 WL 3603684. Furthermore, the court precluded the defendants from enforcing the petition deadline against the plaintiffs if they fail to propose a constitutional remedy by the July 15 deadline.
On July 23, 2020, one of the individual plaintiffs amended her previous statements. She conceded that the actual amount of signatures collected by the plaintiffs was substantially less than the 210,000 figure stated in the complaint and withdrew her statement that the ballot initiative had hundreds of thousands of supporters. On the same day, all of the plaintiffs voluntarily dismissed the case. On September 22, 2020, the court ordered the plaintiffs to show cause as to why the preliminary injunction should not be vacated. None of the plaintiffs responded, so the district court vacated its preliminary injunction on October 19, 2020. On December 9, 2020, the Sixth Circuit dismissed the defendants' appeal.
The case is now closed.
Averyn Lee - 07/04/2020
Nicholas Gillan - 04/09/2021
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