Case: Contreras-Cervantes v. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Acting Director of Detroit Field Office, Enforcement and Removal Operations

2:25-cv-13073 | U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan

Filed Date: Sept. 29, 2025

Case Ongoing

Clearinghouse coding complete

Case Summary

This case challenges the U.S. Department of Homeland Security's (DHS) recent policy shift in applying mandatory detention to noncitizens who have long resided in the United States. The suit was brought by eight citizens of Mexico, Venezuela, Nicaragua, and Guatemala, and most had resided in the U.S. for years, in some cases decades, before being apprehended by ICE or Border Patrol during routine encounters such as traffic stops. Each Petitioner was placed in removal proceedings and charged as i…

This case challenges the U.S. Department of Homeland Security's (DHS) recent policy shift in applying mandatory detention to noncitizens who have long resided in the United States.

The suit was brought by eight citizens of Mexico, Venezuela, Nicaragua, and Guatemala, and most had resided in the U.S. for years, in some cases decades, before being apprehended by ICE or Border Patrol during routine encounters such as traffic stops. Each Petitioner was placed in removal proceedings and charged as inadmissible for entering without inspection. When they requested a bond hearing, the Immigration Judge (IJ) denied them, asserting a lack of jurisdiction based on the mandatory detention provision 8 U.S.C. § 1225(b)(2)(A). The Petitioners were detained without an individualized assessment of their risk of flight or dangerousness.

On September 29, 2025, the Petitioners filed this Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan. The suit names Kevin Raycraft (Acting Field Director of ICE ERO), among others, as a Respondent (all but Raycraft were later dismissed). Petitioners alleged their detention violates the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) and the Fifth Amendment Due Process Clause. They argued that the proper framework is 8 U.S.C. § 1226(a) (discretionary detention with bond eligibility), which applies to "apprehension and detention of aliens," rather than the mandatory detention provision of § 1225(b)(2)(A), which applies to "applicants for admission" at the border.

On October 17, the Court granted the Writ of Habeas Corpus. The Court held that 8 U.S.C. § 1226(a) is the appropriate statutory framework for non-citizens who have resided in the country for years and are apprehended within the interior of the United States. The Court explicitly rejected the Government's application of § 1225(b)(2)(A), finding that Petitioners who have resided in the country for years are not actively "seeking admission". The Court further ruled that the Petitioners' continued detention without an individualized custody redetermination (a bond hearing) violates their Fifth Amendment Due Process rights. (2025 WL 2952796)

The Court ordered the Respondents to either immediately release the Petitioners or, in the alternative, provide them with a bond hearing under 8 U.S.C. § 1226(a) within seven (7) days of the Order's date. The Respondents were also enjoined from pursuing detention on the basis of 8 U.S.C. § 1225(b)(2)(A).

On Oct. 28, the government appealed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit.

The case is ongoing.

Summary Authors

Muhammad Hammad Amin (11/16/2025)

People

For PACER's information on parties and their attorneys, see: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/71492965/parties/contreras-cervantes-v-immigration-and-customs-enforcement-acting-director/


Judge(s)

Michelson, Laurie Jill (Michigan)

Expert/Monitor/Master/Other

Attorney, Zak Toomey,

Aukerman, Miriam J. (Michigan)

Kitaba, Bonsitu Asia

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Documents in the Clearinghouse

Document
1

2:25-cv-13073

[Redacted] Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus

Contreras-Cervantes v. Raycraft et al.

Sept. 29, 2025

Sept. 29, 2025

Pleading / Motion / Brief
14

2:25-cv-13073

Opinion and Order Granting Writ of Habeas Corpus (ECF No. 1)

Contreras-Cervantes et al. v. Raycraft et al.

Oct. 17, 2025

Oct. 17, 2025

Order/Opinion

2025 WL 2952796

14

2:25-cv-13073

Opinion and Order Granting Writ of Habeas Corpus (ECF No. 1)

Contreras-Cervantes v. Raycraft et al.

Oct. 17, 2025

Oct. 17, 2025

Order/Opinion

2025 WL 2952796

Docket

See docket on RECAP: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/71492965/contreras-cervantes-v-immigration-and-customs-enforcement-acting-director/

Last updated Dec. 26, 2025, 12:47 a.m.

ECF Number Description Date Link Date / Link
1

PETITION for Writ of Habeas Corpus Regarding Deportation UNLAWFUL DETENTION WITHOUT BOND filed by Jairo Manuel Godoy-Perez, Mariela Virginia Ocando-Leon, Marifer Diaz-Alcantar, Fredy De Los Angeles-Flores, Miguel Angel Reyes-Sanchez, Jose Daniel Contreras-Cervantes, Luis Felipe Jarquin-Jarquin, Debbie Vasquez-Cruz against All Defendants, Receipt No: AMIEDC-10423408 - Fee: 5 dollars. [Possible companion case: E.D. Mich., 2:25-cv-12486; 2:25-cv-12546; 25-cv-12826; 25-cv-12987; 25-cv-13032; 25-cv-13056, Judge Judge McMillion, Judge White, Judge Ludington, Judge Parker, Judge Leitman] (Attachments: # 1 Index of Exhibits, # 2 Exhibit 1 - Contreras-Cervantes Bond Decision, # 3 Exhibit 2 - De Los Angeles-Flores Bond Decision, # 4 Exhibit 3 - Jarquin-Jarquin Bond Decision, # 5 Exhibit 4 - Vasquez-Cruz Bond Decision) (Aukerman, Miriam) (Entered: 09/29/2025)

Sept. 29, 2025

Sept. 29, 2025

Clearinghouse
2

SUPPLEMENTAL BRIEF re 1 Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus - Deportation,,, filed by Jose Daniel Contreras-Cervantes, Fredy De Los Angeles-Flores, Marifer Diaz-Alcantar, Jairo Manuel Godoy-Perez, Luis Felipe Jarquin-Jarquin, Mariela Virginia Ocando-Leon, Miguel Angel Reyes-Sanchez, Debbie Vasquez-Cruz. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Ex A - Contreras-Cervantes NTA) (Aukerman, Miriam) (Entered: 09/29/2025)

Sept. 29, 2025

Sept. 29, 2025

3

NOTICE by Jose Daniel Contreras-Cervantes, Fredy De Los Angeles-Flores, Marifer Diaz-Alcantar, Jairo Manuel Godoy-Perez, Luis Felipe Jarquin-Jarquin, Mariela Virginia Ocando-Leon, Miguel Angel Reyes-Sanchez, Debbie Vasquez-Cruz PETITIONERS' NOTICE UNDER LOCAL RULE 83.11(b) RE ASSIGNMENT OF HABEAS PETITIONS PRESENTING COMMON QUESTIONS OF LAW (Aukerman, Miriam) (Entered: 09/29/2025)

Sept. 29, 2025

Sept. 29, 2025

4

NOTICE of Appearance by Zak Toomey on behalf of All Defendants. (Toomey, Zak) (Entered: 09/30/2025)

Sept. 30, 2025

Sept. 30, 2025

5

NOTICE of Appearance by Ramis Jamal Wadood on behalf of Jose Daniel Contreras-Cervantes, Fredy De Los Angeles-Flores, Marifer Diaz-Alcantar, Jairo Manuel Godoy-Perez, Luis Felipe Jarquin-Jarquin, Mariela Virginia Ocando-Leon, Miguel Angel Reyes-Sanchez, Debbie Vasquez-Cruz. (Wadood, Ramis) (Entered: 09/30/2025)

Sept. 30, 2025

Sept. 30, 2025

6

NOTICE of Appearance by Philip Edwin Mayor on behalf of Jose Daniel Contreras-Cervantes, Fredy De Los Angeles-Flores, Marifer Diaz-Alcantar, Jairo Manuel Godoy-Perez, Luis Felipe Jarquin-Jarquin, Mariela Virginia Ocando-Leon, Miguel Angel Reyes-Sanchez, Debbie Vasquez-Cruz. (Mayor, Philip) (Entered: 09/30/2025)

Sept. 30, 2025

Sept. 30, 2025

7

NOTICE of Appearance by Bonsitu A. Kitaba on behalf of Jose Daniel Contreras-Cervantes, Fredy De Los Angeles-Flores, Marifer Diaz-Alcantar, Jairo Manuel Godoy-Perez, Luis Felipe Jarquin-Jarquin, Mariela Virginia Ocando-Leon, Miguel Angel Reyes-Sanchez, Debbie Vasquez-Cruz. (Kitaba, Bonsitu) (Entered: 09/30/2025)

Sept. 30, 2025

Sept. 30, 2025

8

Stipulation and Order Requiring Response. Respondents' Response due by 10/8/2025. Petitioners Reply due by 10/13/2025. Signed by District Judge Laurie J. Michelson. (TDam) (Entered: 09/30/2025)

Sept. 30, 2025

Sept. 30, 2025

RECAP
9

RESPONSE to 1 Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus - Deportation,,, by All Defendants. (Attachments: # 1 Index of Exhibits, # 2 Exhibit 1 - Contreras-Cervantes Decl., # 3 Exhibit 2 - De Los Angeles-Flores Decl., # 4 Exhibit 3 - Ocando-Leon Decl., # 5 Exhibit 4 - Jarquin-Jarquin Decl., # 6 Exhibit 5 - Vasquez Cruz Decl., # 7 Exhibit 6 - Godoy-Perez Decl., # 8 Exhibit 7 - Diaz-Alcantar Decl., # 9 Exhibit 8 - Reyes-Sanchez Decl., # 10 Exhibit 9 - Form EOIR-42B App. for Cancellation of Removal and Adjustment of Status, # 11 Exhibit 10 - BIA Dec.) (Toomey, Zak) (Entered: 10/03/2025)

Oct. 3, 2025

Oct. 3, 2025

10

Stipulation and Order Allowing Additional Pages re 9 . Signed by District Judge Laurie J. Michelson. (TDam) (Entered: 10/06/2025)

Oct. 6, 2025

Oct. 6, 2025

11

CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE by Jose Daniel Contreras-Cervantes, Fredy De Los Angeles-Flores, Marifer Diaz-Alcantar, Jairo Manuel Godoy-Perez, Luis Felipe Jarquin-Jarquin, Mariela Virginia Ocando-Leon, Miguel Angel Reyes-Sanchez, Debbie Vasquez-Cruz Proof of Service for Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus, Brief in Support of Petition, and Petitioners' Notice Under LR 83.11(b) (Aukerman, Miriam) (Entered: 10/06/2025)

Oct. 6, 2025

Oct. 6, 2025

12

ORDER REASSIGNING CASE from District Judge Laurie J. Michelson and Magistrate Judge Curtis Ivy, Jr to District Judge Brandy R. McMillion and Magistrate Judge Elizabeth A. Stafford. (SSch) (Entered: 10/08/2025)

Oct. 8, 2025

Oct. 8, 2025

13

REPLY to Response re 1 Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus - Deportation,,, filed by Jose Daniel Contreras-Cervantes, Fredy De Los Angeles-Flores, Marifer Diaz-Alcantar, Jairo Manuel Godoy-Perez, Luis Felipe Jarquin-Jarquin, Mariela Virginia Ocando-Leon, Miguel Angel Reyes-Sanchez, Debbie Vasquez-Cruz. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Exhibit A - Updated List of Cases Applying § 1226(a) Under Similar Circumstances) (Aukerman, Miriam) (Entered: 10/08/2025)

Oct. 8, 2025

Oct. 8, 2025

14

OPINION AND ORDER GRANTING WRIT OF HABEAS CORPUS (ECF NO. 1 ). Respondent's Status Report due by 10/27/2025. Signed by District Judge Brandy R. McMillion. (LHos)

Oct. 17, 2025

Oct. 17, 2025

Clearinghouse
15

STATUS REPORT by Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Acting Director of Detroit Field Office, Enforcement and Removal Operations (Toomey, Zak) (Entered: 10/24/2025)

Oct. 24, 2025

Oct. 24, 2025

16

NOTICE OF APPEAL by Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Acting Director of Detroit Field Office, Enforcement and Removal Operations re 14 Memorandum Opinion & Order, Set Deadlines/Hearings, Add and Terminate Parties. Fee Status: No Fee Paid. (Toomey, Zak) (Entered: 10/24/2025)

Oct. 24, 2025

Oct. 24, 2025

17

Certificate of Service re 16 Notice of Appeal,. (TMul) (Entered: 10/24/2025)

Oct. 24, 2025

Oct. 24, 2025

18

SUPPLEMENTAL STATUS REPORT by Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Acting Director of Detroit Field Office, Enforcement and Removal Operations (Toomey, Zak) (Entered: 10/27/2025)

Oct. 27, 2025

Oct. 27, 2025

Case Details

State / Territory:

Michigan

Case Type(s):

Immigration and/or the Border

Special Collection(s):

Trump Administration 2.0: Challenges to the Government

Key Dates

Filing Date: Sept. 29, 2025

Case Ongoing: Yes

Plaintiffs

Plaintiff Description:

The Plaintiffs were detainees at the either North Lake Processing Center, Monroe County Jail, or the Corrections Center of Northwest Ohio .

Public Interest Lawyer: Unknown

Filed Pro Se: No

Class Action Sought: No

Class Action Outcome: Not sought

Defendants

Defendant Type(s):

Jurisdiction-wide

Facility Type(s):

Government-run

Case Details

Causes of Action:

Habeas Corpus, 28 U.S.C. §§ 2241-2253; 2254; 2255

Constitutional Clause(s):

Due Process

Other Dockets:

Eastern District of Michigan 2:25-cv-13073

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit 25-01978

Special Case Type(s):

Habeas

Available Documents:

Any published opinion

Injunctive (or Injunctive-like) Relief

Non-settlement Outcome

Trial Court Docket

Outcome

Prevailing Party: Plaintiff OR Mixed

Relief Sought:

Habeas

Relief Granted:

Habeas relief

Source of Relief:

Litigation

Issues

Immigration/Border:

Detention - criteria

Detention - procedures

Jails, Prisons, Detention Centers, and Other Institutions:

Habeas Corpus