Case: Enamorado v. Kaiser

5:25-cv-04072 | U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California

Filed Date: May 11, 2025

Case Ongoing

Clearinghouse coding complete

Case Summary

This case challenges ICE’s authority to re-detain noncitizens who have been granted withholding of removal.  Edwin Yobani Enamorado, a 42-year-old Honduran national, fled Honduras with his family in December 2018 due to threats from MS-13 gang members. An asylum officer found he had a reasonable fear of persecution or torture, and in July 2019, an Immigration Judge ordered his release, finding he posed neither a danger nor a flight risk. In April 2022, he was granted withholding of removal unde…

This case challenges ICE’s authority to re-detain noncitizens who have been granted withholding of removal. 

Edwin Yobani Enamorado, a 42-year-old Honduran national, fled Honduras with his family in December 2018 due to threats from MS-13 gang members. An asylum officer found he had a reasonable fear of persecution or torture, and in July 2019, an Immigration Judge ordered his release, finding he posed neither a danger nor a flight risk. In April 2022, he was granted withholding of removal under 8 U.S.C. § 1231(b)(3). His wife and children were granted asylum in August 2022 and became lawful permanent residents in September 2024. For nearly six years, Mr. Enamorado has lived in Martinez, California, supporting his family through his landscaping business, with no criminal history and consistent compliance with the law.

On April 10, 2025, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) ordered Mr. Enamorado to appear at the San Francisco ICE office for an “interview” on May 14, 2025. Fearing re-detention and removal to a third country, which he alleged was consistent with a government “internal directive” that had resulted in the detention of at least nine similarly situated individuals (D.V.D. v. U.S. Department of Homeland Security, 1:25-cv-10676 (D. Mass.), he sought court protection, despite his full compliance with reporting requirements and his ongoing withholding of removal order.

On May 11, 2025, he filed this habeas petition in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California. Under the Fifth Amendment, he sued the Acting Director of Immigration and Customs Enforcement, the Acting San Francisco ICE Field Office Director, the Secretary of Homeland Security, and the Attorney General. The case was assigned to District Judge Noel Wise. 

The petitioner argued that his potential re-detention by ICE would violate his Fifth Amendment right to freedom from custody without due process, protections he emphasized apply to all persons in the United States, including noncitizens. He asserted a strong likelihood of success, citing his 2022 grant of withholding of removal, his lawful presence under bond since 2019, consistent compliance with the law, and his lack of flight risk or danger to the public. He argued that no legitimate basis existed for his detention or removal, particularly in connection with his scheduled interview, and claimed that re-detention would cause irreparable harm through the violation of his constitutional rights.

On May 12, 2025, the petitioner filed an ex parte motion for a temporary restraining order to prevent his detention during his upcoming “interview” and possible removal to a third country. That same day, Judge Wise granted the TRO, finding the petitioner raised serious questions under the Fifth Amendment’s Due Process Clause and was likely to succeed on the merits. 2025 WL 1382859. The order temporarily barred the government from re-arresting or re-detaining the petitioner based on his immigration status, including during and after his May 21, 2025, hearing. It required the petitioner to comply with DHS/ICE directives, including the May 14 interview, and waived the security bond. 

On May 28, 2025, the petitioner’s bond was canceled, and he was placed under an order of supervision, with a scheduled check-in at ICE on May 27, 2026.

On July 3, 2025, the petitioner filed a motion for leave to amend his habeas petition and complaint, along with a renewed motion for a TRO, to address new events and legal developments following the Supreme Court’s June 23, 2025 decision in D.V.D. v. U.S. Department of Homeland Security, 1:25-cv-10676 (D. Mass.). 

The court heard the motions on July 16. Defendants agreed the petitioner posed no danger to the community and was not a flight risk. They indicated that while they were unaware of any current intent to detain or deport him, the government sought to submit an updated declaration from a representative outlining the agency’s intentions, which would bind the government. The court granted leave to file the declaration. It also granted the motion to amend and accepted the amended petition and complaint as filed. The parties stipulated to issuance of a new TRO preserving the terms of the May 12 order.

On July 17, Judge Wise granted the renewed TRO, finding that serious questions on the merits remained and that the balance of hardships continued to tip sharply in the petitioner’s favor. Defendants confirmed they were unaware of any intent to detain or remove him and again acknowledged he posed no flight risk or danger. The court temporarily enjoined them from re-arresting or re-detaining him based on his immigration status, including during or after the upcoming hearing.

The TRO will remain in effect until 5 PM August 19, 2025, or further order of the Court.

The case remains ongoing.

Summary Authors

Scott Shuchart (5/14/2025)

Victoria Tan (7/30/2025)

People

For PACER's information on parties and their attorneys, see: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/70242841/parties/enamorado-v-kaiser/


Expert/Monitor/Master/Other

Jeu, Christopher Frederick (California)

Lakin, Judah Ben (California)

Lee, Jane S (California)

Moreno, Heliodoro Moreno (California)

Wille, Amalia Margarete (California)

show all people

Documents in the Clearinghouse

Document
8

5:25-cv-04072

Order Granting Motion for Temporary Restraining Order and Setting Briefing Schedule and Hearing

May 12, 2025

May 12, 2025

Order/Opinion

2025 WL 1382859

24

5:25-cv-04072

Order Granting Temporary Restraining Order

July 17, 2025

July 17, 2025

Order/Opinion

Docket

See docket on RECAP: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/70242841/enamorado-v-kaiser/

Last updated Aug. 21, 2025, 4:58 p.m.

ECF Number Description Date Link Date / Link
1

NOTICE of Appearance filed by Judah Ben Lakin on behalf of Edwin Y Enamorado (Lakin, Judah) (Filed on 5/11/2025) (Entered: 05/11/2025)

May 11, 2025

May 11, 2025

PACER
2

First PETITION for Writ of Habeas Corpus ( Filing fee $ 5.00 receipt number ACANDC-20663713.), COMPLAINT against Kristi Noem, Todd M. Lyons, Polly Kaiser, Pamela Bondi ( Filing fee $ 405, receipt number ACANDC-20663713.). Filed by Edwin Y Enamorado. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Exhibits to Complaint and Petition)(Moreno, Heliodoro) (Filed on 5/11/2025) Modified on 5/12/2025 (kxo, COURT STAFF). (Entered: 05/11/2025)

May 11, 2025

May 11, 2025

PACER
3

First Ex Parte Application, First MOTION for Temporary Restraining Order filed by Edwin Y Enamorado. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Exhibits to Ex Parte Motion for TRO, # 2 Proposed Order Proposed Order)(Moreno, Heliodoro) (Filed on 5/11/2025) (Entered: 05/11/2025)

May 11, 2025

May 11, 2025

PACER
4

CONSENT/DECLINATION to Proceed Before a US Magistrate Judge by Edwin Y Enamorado.. (Moreno, Heliodoro) (Filed on 5/11/2025) (Entered: 05/11/2025)

May 11, 2025

May 11, 2025

PACER
5

Proposed Summons. (Moreno, Heliodoro) (Filed on 5/11/2025) (Entered: 05/11/2025)

May 11, 2025

May 11, 2025

PACER

Notice of Appearance/Substitution/Change/Withdrawal of Attorney

May 11, 2025

May 11, 2025

PACER
6

Case assigned to District Judge Noel Wise and Magistrate Judge Nathanael M. Cousins. Counsel for plaintiff or the removing party is responsible for serving the Complaint or Notice of Removal, Summons and the assigned judge's standing orders and all other new case documents upon the opposing parties. For information, visit E-Filing A New Civil Case at http://cand.uscourts.gov/ecf/caseopening.Standing orders can be downloaded from the court's web page at www.cand.uscourts.gov/judges. Upon receipt, the summons will be issued and returned electronically. A scheduling order will be sent by Notice of Electronic Filing (NEF) within two business days. (kmm2, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 5/12/2025) (Entered: 05/12/2025)

May 12, 2025

May 12, 2025

PACER
7

Summons Issued as to Pamela Bondi, Polly Kaiser, Todd M. Lyons, Kristi Noem. (kxo, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 5/12/2025) (Entered: 05/12/2025)

May 12, 2025

May 12, 2025

PACER
8

ORDER by Judge Noel Wise granting 3 Ex Parte Application ; granting 3 Motion for TRO. The Court shall hold an in-person hearing on Wednesday, May 21, 2025, at 9:00 a.m. Defendants shall file a response to Plaintiffs motion by no later than May 15, 2025, at 5:00 p.m. Plaintiff shall file a reply by no later than May 19, 2025, at 5:00 p.m.(nwlc2, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 5/12/2025) (Entered: 05/12/2025)

May 12, 2025

May 12, 2025

Clearinghouse

~Util - Case Assigned by Intake

May 12, 2025

May 12, 2025

PACER

Electronic Filing Error

May 12, 2025

May 12, 2025

PACER

Electronic filing error. Case reviewed; does not fall under nationwide injunction. No action necessary. Re: 2 Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus, Complaint, filed by Edwin Y Enamorado. (kmm2, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 5/12/2025)

May 12, 2025

May 12, 2025

PACER
9

CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE by Edwin Yobani Enamorado (Moreno, Heliodoro) (Filed on 5/13/2025) (Entered: 05/13/2025)

May 13, 2025

May 13, 2025

PACER
10

CLERKS NOTICE SETTING CASE MANAGEMENT CONFERENCE DEADLINES. Case Management Statement due by 8/5/2025. Initial Case Management Conference set for 8/19/2025 at 09:00 AM in San Jose, - Videoconference Only. This proceeding will be held via a Zoom meeting.Meeting Access: All counsel may access the meeting information at https://www.cand.uscourts.gov/judges/wise-noel-nw/Court Appearances: Advanced notice is required of counsel or parties who will be participating in the argument at the hearing. A list of names and emails must be sent to the CRD at nwcrd@cand.uscourts.gov no later than August 15, 2025 at 5:00p.m.General Order 58. Persons granted access to court proceedings held by telephone or videoconference are reminded that photographing, recording, and rebroadcasting of court proceedings, including screenshots or other visual copying of a hearing, is absolutely prohibited.Zoom Guidance and Setup: https://www.cand.uscourts.gov/zoom/. Case Management Statement due by 8/5/2025. Initial Case Management Conference set for 8/19/2025 at 09:00 AM in San Jose, - Videoconference Only. (This is a text-only entry generated by the court. There is no document associated with this entry.) (akw, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 5/14/2025) (Entered: 05/14/2025)

May 14, 2025

May 14, 2025

PACER

Clerk's Notice Setting Zoom Hearing

May 14, 2025

May 14, 2025

PACER
11

STIPULATION WITH PROPOSED ORDER re 8 Order on Ex Parte Application,, Order on Motion for TRO, re: Request to Modify Briefing and Hearing Schedule filed by Polly Kaiser, Todd M. Lyons, Kristi Noem, Pamela Bondi. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration C. Jeu, # 2 Proposed Order)(Jeu, Christopher) (Filed on 5/15/2025) (Entered: 05/15/2025)

May 15, 2025

May 15, 2025

PACER
12

ORDER granting 11 Stipulation to Modify Briefing and Hearing Schedule signed by by Judge Noel Wise. (akw, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 5/15/2025) (Entered: 05/15/2025)

May 15, 2025

May 15, 2025

RECAP
13

STIPULATION WITH PROPOSED ORDER re 12 Order on Stipulation Requesting Extension of TRO Briefing Schedule filed by Polly Kaiser, Todd M. Lyons, Kristi Noem, Pamela Bondi. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration C. Jeu, # 2 Proposed Order)(Jeu, Christopher) (Filed on 6/11/2025) (Entered: 06/11/2025)

June 11, 2025

June 11, 2025

PACER
14

ORDER granting 13 STIPULATED REQUEST TO MODIFY BRIEFING AND HEARING SCHEDULE Signed by Judge Noel Wise on 6/12/2025. Temporary Restraining Order Hearing set for 7/16/2025 at 09:00 AM. (akw, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 6/12/2025) (Entered: 06/12/2025)

June 12, 2025

June 12, 2025

PACER
15

RESPONSE re 8 Order on Ex Parte Application,, Order on Motion for TRO, re: Motion for TRO by Polly Kaiser, Todd M. Lyons, Kristi Noem, Pamela Bondi. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration T. Auer)(Jeu, Christopher) (Filed on 6/16/2025) (Entered: 06/16/2025)

June 16, 2025

June 16, 2025

PACER
16

AMENDED PETITION against Kristi Noem, Todd M. Lyons, Polly Kaiser, Pamela Bondi, AMENDED COMPLAINT against Kristi Noem, Todd M. Lyons, Polly Kaiser, Pamela Bondi. Filed by Edwin Yobani Enamorado. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Exhibits to Complaint and Petition, # 2 Redlined Amended Petition)(Moreno, Heliodoro) (Filed on 7/3/2025) (Entered: 07/03/2025)

July 3, 2025

July 3, 2025

PACER
17

First MOTION for Leave to File Amended Petition/Complaint filed by Edwin Yobani Enamorado. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Moreno, Heliodoro) (Filed on 7/3/2025) (Entered: 07/03/2025)

July 3, 2025

July 3, 2025

PACER
18

Amended MOTION for Temporary Restraining Order filed by Edwin Yobani Enamorado. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order, # 2 Exhibit Exhibits to Motion for TRO)(Moreno, Heliodoro) (Filed on 7/3/2025) (Entered: 07/03/2025)

July 3, 2025

July 3, 2025

PACER
19

ORDER SETTING EXPEDITED BRIEFING SCHEDULE AND RESETTING HEARING TIME FOR MOTION FOR TRO. Defendants opposition to ECF No. 17 due July 9, 2025, at 5:00 p.m. Plaintiff may file a reply by July 11, 2025. The Court shall hold a hearing on the amended motion for a TRO on Wednesday, July 16, 2025, and RESETS the hearing time to 1:30 p.m. The Court shall hold the hearing by Zoom. Signed by Judge Noel Wise on July 3, 2025. (nwlc2, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 7/3/2025) (Entered: 07/03/2025)

July 3, 2025

July 3, 2025

PACER
20

CLERK'S NOTICE RESETTING 19 TIME FOR TEMPORARY RESTRAINING ORDER HEARING. Temporary Restraining Order Hearing reset for 7/16/2025 at 02:30 PM. This proceeding will be held via a Zoom meeting.Meeting Access: All counsel may access the webinar information at https://www.cand.uscourts.gov/judges/wise-noel-nw/Civ LR 77-3(d). Persons granted access to court proceedings held by telephone or videoconference are reminded that photographing, recording, and rebroadcasting of court proceedings, including screenshots or other visual copying of a hearing, is absolutely prohibited.Zoom Guidance and Setup: https://www.cand.uscourts.gov/zoom/. (This is a text-only entry generated by the court. There is no document associated with this entry.) (akw, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 7/9/2025) (Entered: 07/09/2025)

July 9, 2025

July 9, 2025

PACER
21

OPPOSITION/RESPONSE (re 17 First MOTION for Leave to File Amended Petition/Complaint, 18 Amended MOTION for Temporary Restraining Order ) filed byPolly Kaiser, Todd M. Lyons, Kristi Noem, Pamela Bondi. (Jeu, Christopher) (Filed on 7/9/2025) (Entered: 07/09/2025)

July 9, 2025

July 9, 2025

PACER

Clerk's Notice AND Clerk's Notice Setting Zoom Hearing

July 9, 2025

July 9, 2025

PACER
22

REPLY (re 17 First MOTION for Leave to File Amended Petition/Complaint, 18 Amended MOTION for Temporary Restraining Order ) filed byEdwin Yobani Enamorado. (Lakin, Judah) (Filed on 7/11/2025) (Entered: 07/11/2025)

July 11, 2025

July 11, 2025

PACER
23

Minute Entry for proceedings held before District Judge Noel Wise:Temporary Restraining Order Hearing held on 7/16/2025. Arguments presented by counsel for both parties. The Court granted 17 Motion for Leave to File. The Court issued a new Temporary Restraining Order 18, maintaining the terms of the Courts May 12, 2025 Temporary Restraining Order 8 . The Court sets a Further Temporary Restraining Order Hearing set for 8/19/2025 at 09:00 AM to be held remotely. The Court ordered Supplemental Briefing, and sets the briefing schedule as follows: Defendant to file supplemental brief no later than August 1, 2025. Plaintiff to file reply by August 15, 2025. Total Time in Court: 1:04. Court Reporter: Summer Fisher. Plaintiff Attorney: Judah Lakin, Heliodoro Moreno and Jana Lee. Defendant Attorney: Christopher Jeu. (This is a text-only entry generated by the court. There is no document associated with this entry.) (akw, COURT STAFF) (Date Filed: 7/16/2025) (Entered: 07/16/2025)

July 16, 2025

July 16, 2025

PACER

Order on Motion for Leave to File AND Temporary Restraining Order Hearing AND ~Util - Set Deadlines/Hearings

July 16, 2025

July 16, 2025

PACER
24

Temporary Restraining Order

July 17, 2025

July 17, 2025

RECAP
25

Transcript Order

July 22, 2025

July 22, 2025

PACER

Notice of Appearance/Substitution/Change/Withdrawal of Attorney

July 23, 2025

July 23, 2025

PACER
27

Transcript

July 29, 2025

July 29, 2025

PACER
28

Stipulation and Proposed Order

July 29, 2025

July 29, 2025

PACER
29

Order on Stipulation

July 30, 2025

July 30, 2025

RECAP

Clerk's Notice AND Clerk's Notice Setting Zoom Hearing

Aug. 1, 2025

Aug. 1, 2025

PACER

Case Details