Case: Sevcik v. Sandoval

2:12-cv-00578 | U.S. District Court for the District of Nevada

Filed Date: April 10, 2012

Closed Date: July 24, 2015

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Case Summary

This is a case brought by eight same-sex couples seeking to marry or have their marriages recognized by the State of Nevada. Represented by Lambda Legal and private counsel, they brought suit in the U.S. District Court for the District of Nevada, suing the Governor and several clerks/recorders. The Nevada Constitution prohibited official recognition of same-sex marriages. See Nev. Const. art. I, § 21 ("Only a marriage between a male and female person shall be recognized and given effect in [Nev…

This is a case brought by eight same-sex couples seeking to marry or have their marriages recognized by the State of Nevada. Represented by Lambda Legal and private counsel, they brought suit in the U.S. District Court for the District of Nevada, suing the Governor and several clerks/recorders.

The Nevada Constitution prohibited official recognition of same-sex marriages. See Nev. Const. art. I, § 21 ("Only a marriage between a male and female person shall be recognized and given effect in [Nevada]."). There was, however, a law offering "domestic partnership" status to two persons of any gender. Under Nev. Rev. Stat. ch. 122A, Nevada recognizes both out-of-state same-sex marriages and out-of-state same-sex marriage-like relationships as "domestic partnerships." A couple not having the status on the basis of an out-of-state partnership/marriage can enter into a Nevada domestic partnership after satisfying marriage-like eligibility requirements and filing with the Secretary of State a form declaring their decision "to share one another's lives in an intimate and committed relationship of mutual caring." By statute, Nevada gives domestic partners the same rights and responsibilities as spouses, except, most notably, that it "do[es] not require a public or private employer in this State to provide health care benefits to or for the domestic partner of an officer or employee."

On November 26, 2012, Judge Robert Jones, of the District of Nevada, held the Nevada scheme constitutional. 911 F.Supp.2d 996. The Court first held that the Supreme Court's summary disposition in Baker v. Nelson was largely dispositive; in that case, the Supreme Court summarily dismissed an equal protection challenge to Minnesota's marriage laws for lack of a substantial federal question. In case the Court of Appeals disagreed with this approach, however, the District Court continued to address the issues on the merits. It found that the appropriate constitutional analysis was rational basis scrutiny, because the "homosexual-rights lobby" "has great political power." And applying rational basis review, the court held that Nevada's ban on same-sex marriage was rationally related to its legitimate goal of nurturing heterosexual marriage and families:

Should [marriage] be expanded to include same-sex couples with the state's imprimatur, it is conceivable that a meaningful percentage of heterosexual persons would cease to value the civil institution as highly as they previously had and hence enter into it less frequently, opting for purely private ceremonies, if any, whether religious or secular, but in any case without civil sanction, because they no longer wish to be associated with the civil institution as redefined, leading to an increased percentage of out-of-wedlock children, single-parent families, difficulties in property disputes after the dissolution of what amount to common law marriages in a state where such marriages are not recognized, or other unforeseen consequences."

Accordingly, the court rejected the plaintiffs' claim.

Plaintiffs appealed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit on December 4th, 2012. The 9th Circuit stayed the appeal while the DOMA and Perry cases were pending before the U.S. Supreme Court. On February 10, 2014, the Nevada Attorney General withdrew the state's brief defending the state's same-sex marriage ban because of a recent 9th Circuit case, SmithKline Beecham Corp. v. Abbot Laboratories, which established that laws making distinctions on sexual orientation faced heightened scrutiny. The state did not believe that the ban could survive this level of review.

The 9th Circuit heard oral arguments, on September 8, 2014, before Judges Stephen Reinhardt, Ronald M. Gould, and Marsha S. Berzon. On October 7, the 9th Circuit overturned the district court's decision and held that Nevada's denial of marriage licenses to same-sex couples was unconstitutional. The next day, the Supreme Court (Justice Anthony Kennedy) initially stayed the 9th Circuit's decision. Later in the day, Justice Kennedy reversed himself and lifted the stay as it applied to the state of Nevada.

On October 9, 2014, the Nevada District Court (Judge James Mahan) granted the plaintiffs' motion for an injunction preventing the state from enforcing its same-sex marriage ban in light of the 9th Circuit's decision, and the state began issuing marriage licenses to same-sex couples. On October 13, 2014, appellee Coalition for the Protection of Marriage filed a petition for an en banc rehearing, and on January 9, 2015 the court issued an order denying rehearing. The case is now closed.

Summary Authors

Katrina Fahey (11/10/2013)

Andrew Junker (12/9/2014)

People


Judge(s)

Berzon, Marsha Siegel (California)

Attorney for Plaintiff

Azizi, Rahi (California)

Attorney for Defendant

Anderson, Linda C. (Nevada)

Expert/Monitor/Master/Other

Albright, D. Chris (Nevada)

Babione, Byron J. (Arizona)

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Documents in the Clearinghouse

Document

2:12-cv-00578

Docket

Nov. 26, 2012

Nov. 26, 2012

Docket

2:12-cv-00578

12-17668

Court of Appeals Docket [PACER]

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit

Nov. 24, 2014

Nov. 24, 2014

Docket

14-1214

Docket No. 14-1214

Supreme Court of the United States

April 9, 2015

April 9, 2015

Docket
1

2:12-cv-00578

Complaint

April 10, 2012

April 10, 2012

Complaint
102

2:12-cv-00578

Order

Nov. 26, 2012

Nov. 26, 2012

Order/Opinion

2012 WL 5989662

8828038

12-17668

Plaintiffs- Appellant's Opening Brief and Exhibits

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit

Oct. 18, 2013

Oct. 18, 2013

Pleading / Motion / Brief

12-17668

12-16995

12-16998

Amicus Curiae Brief of the ACLU of Nevada and the ACLU of Hawaii

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit

Oct. 25, 2013

Oct. 25, 2013

Pleading / Motion / Brief

2013 WL 5880762

14-35420

9th Circuit Opinion [rev'g dist. ct.]

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit

Oct. 7, 2014

Oct. 7, 2014

Order/Opinion

771 F.3d 456

14-A-00374

Order [vacating previous stay of 9th Cir. dec'n by Sp. Ct.]

Supreme Court of the United States

Oct. 8, 2014

Oct. 8, 2014

Order/Opinion

135 S.Ct. 345

14-1214

14-A-00374

Initial Supreme Court stay of 9th Cir. decision

Supreme Court of the United States

Oct. 8, 2014

Oct. 8, 2014

Order/Opinion

190

Resources

Docket

Last updated Nov. 2, 2025, 12:37 p.m.

Docket sheet not available via the Clearinghouse.

Case Details

State / Territory:

Nevada

Case Type(s):

Public Benefits/Government Services

Special Collection(s):

Multi-LexSum (in sample)

Same-Sex Marriage

Key Dates

Filing Date: April 10, 2012

Closing Date: July 24, 2015

Case Ongoing: No

Plaintiffs

Plaintiff Description:

Eight same-sex couples who desire to marry one another in Nevada or who have validly married one another in other jurisdictions and desire to have their marriages recognized as “marriages” by the State of Nevada.

Plaintiff Type(s):

Private Plaintiff

Attorney Organizations:

Lambda Legal

Public Interest Lawyer: Yes

Filed Pro Se: No

Class Action Sought: No

Class Action Outcome: Not sought

Defendants

City

Carson City

County

Clark County

Washoe County

State

State of Nevada

Defendant Type(s):

Jurisdiction-wide

Case Details

Causes of Action:

42 U.S.C. § 1983

Declaratory Judgment Act, 28 U.S.C. § 2201

Constitutional Clause(s):

Due Process

Equal Protection

Other Dockets:

District of Nevada 2:12-cv-00578

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit 12-17668

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit 12-16995

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit 12-16998

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit 14-35420

Supreme Court of the United States 14-1214

Supreme Court of the United States 14-A-00374

Available Documents:

Any published opinion

Complaint (any)

Injunctive (or Injunctive-like) Relief

Non-settlement Outcome

Trial Court Docket

Outcome

Prevailing Party: Plaintiff OR Mixed

Relief Granted:

Declaratory Judgment

Injunction / Injunctive-like Settlement

Source of Relief:

Litigation

Issues

General/Misc.:

Marriage

Discrimination Basis:

Sexual orientation

Affected Sex/Gender(s):

Female

Male

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