Case: Kishore v. Newsom

2:20-cv-05859 | U.S. District Court for the Central District of California

Filed Date: June 30, 2020

Case Ongoing

Clearinghouse coding complete

Case Summary

This is a case about the constitutionality of California’s signature gathering requirements for ballot Independent Candidate ballot access during the COVID-19 pandemic. It was filed by two individual Plaintiffs on June 30, 2020 in the United States District Court in the Central District of California (Western Division- Los Angeles) against the Governor and Secretary of State of California in their official capacities. The Plaintiffs were represented by private counsel and the case was presided …

This is a case about the constitutionality of California’s signature gathering requirements for ballot Independent Candidate ballot access during the COVID-19 pandemic. It was filed by two individual Plaintiffs on June 30, 2020 in the United States District Court in the Central District of California (Western Division- Los Angeles) against the Governor and Secretary of State of California in their official capacities. The Plaintiffs were represented by private counsel and the case was presided over by Judge Dolly M. Gee. The Plaintiffs sought declaratory relief, attorney’s fees, and injunctive relief to ensure their placement on California’s November 3, 2020, general election ballot.

The Plaintiffs were the 2020 Socialist Equality Party candidate for President of the United States and the 2020 Socialist Equality Party candidate for Vice President of the United States. However, to gain admission as an independent candidate in California, independent candidates were required candidates to obtain 196,964 signatures. In response to the pandemic, the Governor issued precautionary measures requiring everyone, except essential persons, to stay in their homes, not to engage in large outdoor gatherings, and not to participate in non-essential social interactions. The Plaintiffs found it nearly impossible to get the necessary signatures in the setting of possible illness, death, and violations of the precautionary orders that could result in fines or imprisonment.

On June 30, 2020, the Plaintiffs filed a lawsuit against Governor Newsom and Secretary of the State of California Alex Padilla in their official capacities. The Plaintiffs claimed California’s signature requirement in the setting of the pandemic was impossible to meet. They argued this violated the fundamental democratic rights of the candidates and California voters. They additionally argued their claims arise under the First and Fourteenth Amendments of the United States Constitution and 42 U.S.C. §1983 and 1988. Represented by private counsel, the Plaintiffs moved for declaratory relief, attorney’s fees, and injunctive relief to ensure their placement on California’s November 3, 2020, general election ballot. The specifically sought either an extension of the filing deadline, or an injunction prohibiting California from printing November ballots unless and until the third party, independent, candidates were included.

On June 30, 2020, the Court denied the Plaintiffs’ application for a temporary restraining order because the Court was concerned actual notice was not given to the State of California, because California requires service of summons to be made on the Attorney General when the State itself is being sued, which was not done here.

On July 1, 2020, the Plaintiffs filed renewed motion for a temporary restraining order and a motion for preliminary injunction. The Defendants opposed the temporary restraining order arguing emergency relief was not necessary, as the deadline was over a month away, and there was time for a preliminary injunction motion to be fully briefed by the Court. The Defendants also argued the Plaintiffs had not been diligent in seeking relief, because they had been aware of the pandemic since March and waited until the end of June to file a complaint and therefore strict scrutiny should not apply.

On July 6, the Court denied the Plaintiffs’ temporary restraining order and construed the Plaintiffs’ renewed application for a temporary restraining order as a motion for preliminary injunction and set an expedited briefing and hearing schedule. 2020 U.S.Dist.LEXIS 211126. 

On July 20, 2020, the Court denied the Plaintiffs’ motion for preliminary injunction. The Court explained that while the Plaintiffs focused on the signature requirement for independent candidates, the Plaintiffs could have also qualified for the ballot by demonstrating about 68,000 Californians have registered as Socialist Equality Party voters. The Court reasoned that there are a lot of different ways to drum up voter registration that does not require in-person interactions, appearing in public, leaving the home, or using the mail system. Because another option in addition to getting signatures existed, the Court could not know if a reasonably diligent candidate would have succeeded with voter registration. Further, the Court reasoned that the Plaintiffs had not justified their delay in taking action to appear on the ballot which is against the issuance of relief.  Finally, the Court explained that California’s regulatory interests justified its ballot access laws and stay-at-home mandates. 2020 U.S.Dist.LEXIS 211126.

On July 22, 2020, the Plaintiffs filed an interlocutory appeal for the denial of their motion for a preliminary injunction to the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals.

On August 5, 2020, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals denied the motion for reconsideration. 2020 U.S. App. LEXIS 24726.

On August 7, 2020, the Plaintiffs filed a notice of voluntary dismissal without prejudice, and the voluntary dismissal was granted on March 3, 2021.

Summary Authors

Lauren Kidd (1/21/2025)

People

For PACER's information on parties and their attorneys, see: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/17309877/parties/joseph-kishore-v-gavin-newsom/


Judge(s)

Eick, Charles F. (California)

Gee, Dolly Maizie (California)

Attorney for Plaintiff

Norris, Donald G. (California)

Attorney for Defendant

Chang, Peter H. (California)

Medley, Amie (California)

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Documents in the Clearinghouse

Document

2:20-cv-05859

Docket [PACER]

Aug. 19, 2020

Aug. 19, 2020

Docket
4

2:20-cv-05859

Kishore's Brief in Support of Application for Temporary Restraining Order and Preliminary Injunction

June 30, 2020

June 30, 2020

Pleading / Motion / Brief
1

2:20-cv-05859

Complaint for Declaratory and Injunctive Relief

June 30, 2020

June 30, 2020

Complaint
9

2:20-cv-05859

In Chambers— Order Denying Plaintiffs' Application for Temporary Restraining Order [4]

June 30, 2020

June 30, 2020

Order/Opinion

2020 U.S.Dist.LEXIS 211125

10

2:20-cv-05859

Defendants' Opposition to Kishore's Application for Temporary Restraining Order

July 1, 2020

July 1, 2020

Pleading / Motion / Brief
11

2:20-cv-05859

Notice and Renewed Application by Plaintiffs for Temporary Restraining Order and Preliminary Injunction

July 1, 2020

July 1, 2020

Pleading / Motion / Brief
12

2:20-cv-05859

Kishore's Reply to Defendant's Opposition to Renewed Application for Temporary Restraining Order and Preliminary Injunction

July 4, 2020

July 4, 2020

Pleading / Motion / Brief
13

2:20-cv-05859

In Chambers—Order Re Plaintiffs' Renewed Application for Temporary Restraining Order [11]

July 6, 2020

July 6, 2020

Order/Opinion

2020 U.S.Dist.LEXIS 211126

16

2:20-cv-05859

Defendants' Opposition to Plaintiffs' Motion for a Preliminary Injunction

July 10, 2020

July 10, 2020

Pleading / Motion / Brief
20

2:20-cv-05859

Plaintiffs' Reply to Defendants' Opposition to Motion for Preliminary Injunction

July 15, 2020

July 15, 2020

Pleading / Motion / Brief

Resources

Docket

See docket on RECAP: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/17309877/joseph-kishore-v-gavin-newsom/

Last updated Oct. 25, 2025, 12:05 a.m.

ECF Number Description Date Link Date / Link
1

COMPLAINT Receipt No: ACACDC-27015103 - Fee: $400, filed by Plaintiffs Joseph Kishore, Norissa Santa Cruz. (Attachments: # 1 Civil Cover Sheet) (Attorney Thomas Carter Seabaugh added to party Joseph Kishore(pty:pla), Attorney Thomas Carter Seabaugh added to party Norissa Santa Cruz(pty:pla))(Seabaugh, Thomas) (Entered: 06/30/2020)

June 30, 2020

June 30, 2020

Clearinghouse
2

Request for Clerk to Issue Subpoena filed by Plaintiffs Joseph Kishore, Norissa Santa Cruz. (Seabaugh, Thomas) (Entered: 06/30/2020)

June 30, 2020

June 30, 2020

PACER
3

NOTICE of Interested Parties filed by Plaintiffs Joseph Kishore, Norissa Santa Cruz, (Seabaugh, Thomas) (Entered: 06/30/2020)

June 30, 2020

June 30, 2020

PACER
4

APPLICATION for Temporary Restraining Order, APPLICATION for Preliminary Injunction re Ballot Access Restrictions filed by Plaintiffs Joseph Kishore, Norissa Santa Cruz. (Attachments: # 1 Memorandum of Points and Authorities, # 2 Declaration of Plaintiff Joseph Kishore and Exhibits, # 3 Declaration of Plaintiff Norissa Santa Cruz and Exhibit, # 4 Declaration of Nora Kimie Kuzay, # 5 Declaration of Sebastian Ayala, # 6 Declaration of Elizabeth Castillo, # 7 Declaration of Amy Ellevold, # 8 Declaration of Richard Winger and Exhibit, # 9 Declaration of Thomas C. Seabaugh, # 10 Proposed Temporary Restraining Order, # 11 Proposed Order to Show Cause Regarding Preliminary Injunction) (Seabaugh, Thomas) (Entered: 06/30/2020)

June 30, 2020

June 30, 2020

Clearinghouse
5

NOTICE OF ASSIGNMENT to District Judge Dolly M. Gee and Magistrate Judge Charles F. Eick. (lh) (Entered: 06/30/2020)

June 30, 2020

June 30, 2020

PACER
6

NOTICE TO PARTIES OF COURT-DIRECTED ADR PROGRAM filed. (lh) (Entered: 06/30/2020)

June 30, 2020

June 30, 2020

PACER
7

21 DAY Summons Issued re Complaint (Attorney Civil Case Opening), 1 as to Defendants Gavin Newsom, Alex Padilla. (lh) (Entered: 06/30/2020)

June 30, 2020

June 30, 2020

PACER
8

INITIAL STANDING ORDER upon filing of the complaint by Judge Dolly M. Gee. (kti) (Entered: 06/30/2020)

June 30, 2020

June 30, 2020

PACER
9

MINUTES OF IN CHAMBERS - ORDER DENYING WITHOUT PREJUDICE PLAINTIFFS' APPLICATION FOR TEMPORARY RESTRAINING ORDER by Judge Dolly M. Gee: The Court DENIES Plaintiffs' TRO Application 4, without prejudice to Plaintiffs refiling it along with a showing that they have effected proper service on Defendants. Along with their renewed TRO Application, Plaintiffs must submit proof of proper service and a declaration that they have informed Defendants of the Court's requirement that parties opposing ex parte applications must respond within 24 hours of receiving proper service. Unless otherwise ordered, Defendants must then file their Opposition within one court day of receiving proper service. Court Reporter: Not Reported. (gk) (Entered: 06/30/2020)

June 30, 2020

June 30, 2020

Clearinghouse
10

OPPOSITION to APPLICATION for Temporary Restraining Order APPLICATION for Preliminary Injunction re Ballot Access Restrictions 4 and Request for Briefing Schedule filed by Defendants Gavin Newsom, Alex Padilla. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Attorney Amie L Medley added to party Gavin Newsom(pty:dft), Attorney Amie L Medley added to party Alex Padilla(pty:dft))(Medley, Amie) (Entered: 07/01/2020)

July 1, 2020

July 1, 2020

Clearinghouse
11

Renewed APPLICATION for Temporary Restraining Order as to Ballot Access Restrictions, APPLICATION for Preliminary Injunction re Ballot Access Restrictions filed by Plaintiffs Joseph Kishore, Norissa Santa Cruz. (Attachments: # 1 Memorandum of Points and Authorities, # 2 Declaration of Plaintiff Joseph Kishore and Exhibits, # 3 Declaration of Plaintiff Norissa Santa Cruz and Exhibit, # 4 Declaration of Nora Kimie Kuzay, # 5 Declaration of Sebastian Ayala, # 6 Declaration of Elizabeth Castillo, # 7 Declaration of Amy Ellevold, # 8 Declaration of Richard Winger and Exhibit, # 9 Proposed TRO, # 10 Proposed OSC re Preliminary Injunction, # 11 Declaration of Thomas C. Sebaugh Regarding Service and Exhibits) (Seabaugh, Thomas) (Entered: 07/01/2020)

July 1, 2020

July 1, 2020

Clearinghouse
12

REPLY in support of Renewed APPLICATION for Temporary Restraining Order as to Ballot Access Restrictions APPLICATION for Preliminary Injunction re Ballot Access Restrictions 11 filed by Plaintiffs Joseph Kishore, Norissa Santa Cruz. (Seabaugh, Thomas) (Entered: 07/04/2020)

July 4, 2020

July 4, 2020

Clearinghouse
13

MINUTES OF IN CHAMBERS - ORDER RE PLAINTIFFS' RENEWED APPLICATION FOR TEMPORARY RESTRAINING ORDER by Judge Dolly M. Gee: The Court construes Plaintiff's Renewed Application for Temporary Restraining Order 11 as a Motion for Preliminary Injunction ("MPI") and sets the following expedited briefing and hearing schedule: Defendants Opposition to the MPI is due no later than 7/10/2020; Plaintiffs Reply in support of the MPI is due no later than 7/15/2020; the Court shall hold a videoconference hearing on this matter on 7/21/2020 at 02:00 PM before Judge Dolly M. Gee. The parties shall meet and confer prior to the hearing in an effort to resolve the issues raised in this action. Court Reporter: Not Reported. (gk) (Entered: 07/06/2020)

July 6, 2020

July 6, 2020

Clearinghouse
14

STIPULATION to Reset filed by Defendants Gavin Newsom, Alex Padilla. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Attorney Peter H Chang added to party Gavin Newsom(pty:dft), Attorney Peter H Chang added to party Alex Padilla(pty:dft))(Chang, Peter) (Entered: 07/07/2020)

July 7, 2020

July 7, 2020

RECAP
15

ORDER RESETTING HEARING ON PRELIMINARY INJUNCTION by Judge Dolly M. Gee: Upon Stipulation 14, the Court hereby continues the hearing on Plaintiffs' motion for preliminary injunction 11 to 7/20/2020 at 02:00 PM before Judge Dolly M. Gee. (gk) (Entered: 07/08/2020)

July 8, 2020

July 8, 2020

RECAP

~Util - Set/Reset Motion Hearing and R&R Deadlines AND Order

July 8, 2020

July 8, 2020

PACER
16

MEMORANDUM in Opposition to Renewed APPLICATION for Temporary Restraining Order as to Ballot Access Restrictions APPLICATION for Preliminary Injunction re Ballot Access Restrictions 11 filed by Defendants Gavin Newsom, Alex Padilla. (Chang, Peter) (Entered: 07/10/2020)

July 10, 2020

July 10, 2020

Clearinghouse
17

DECLARATION of Peter H. Chang in Opposition to Renewed APPLICATION for Temporary Restraining Order as to Ballot Access Restrictions APPLICATION for Preliminary Injunction re Ballot Access Restrictions 11 filed by Defendants Gavin Newsom, Alex Padilla. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit 1, # 2 Exhibit 2, # 3 Exhibit 3, # 4 Exhibit 4, # 5 Exhibit 5)(Chang, Peter) (Entered: 07/10/2020)

July 10, 2020

July 10, 2020

PACER
18

DECLARATION of Angelica Quirarte in Opposition to Renewed APPLICATION for Temporary Restraining Order as to Ballot Access Restrictions APPLICATION for Preliminary Injunction re Ballot Access Restrictions 11 filed by Defendants Gavin Newsom, Alex Padilla. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit 1, # 2 Exhibit 2, # 3 Exhibit 3)(Chang, Peter) (Entered: 07/10/2020)

July 10, 2020

July 10, 2020

PACER
19

DECLARATION of Rachelle Delucchi in Opposition to Renewed APPLICATION for Temporary Restraining Order as to Ballot Access Restrictions APPLICATION for Preliminary Injunction re Ballot Access Restrictions 11 filed by Defendants Gavin Newsom, Alex Padilla. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit 1, # 2 Exhibit 2, # 3 Exhibit 3, # 4 Exhibit 4, # 5 Exhibit 5, # 6 Exhibit 6, # 7 Exhibit 7)(Chang, Peter) (Entered: 07/10/2020)

July 10, 2020

July 10, 2020

PACER
20

REPLY in support of Renewed APPLICATION for Temporary Restraining Order as to Ballot Access Restrictions APPLICATION for Preliminary Injunction re Ballot Access Restrictions 11 filed by Plaintiffs Joseph Kishore, Norissa Santa Cruz. (Attachments: # 1 Supplemental Kishore Decl, # 2 Supplemental Santa Cruz Decl, # 3 Supplemental Winger Decl)(Seabaugh, Thomas) (Entered: 07/15/2020)

July 15, 2020

July 15, 2020

Clearinghouse
21

MINUTES OF Hearing re Plaintiffs' Renewed Application by Plaintiffs for Temporary Restraining Order and Preliminary Injunction 11 held before Judge Dolly M. Gee: The hearing is held via videoconference. The Court invites counsel to respond to the tentative ruling. Following oral argument, the Court advises counsel that the motion shall be taken under submission and a written order will issue. Court Reporter: Miriam Baird. (gk) (Entered: 07/21/2020)

July 20, 2020

July 20, 2020

PACER
22

MINUTES OF IN CHAMBERS - ORDER RE PLAINTIFFS' MOTION FOR PRELIMINARY INJUNCTION by Judge Dolly M. Gee: The Court construed Plaintiff's Second Application for Temporary Restraining Order 11 as a Motion for Preliminary Injunction ("MPI"). Plaintiffs' MPI is DENIED. The current pandemic has made nearly every aspect of normal life more difficult and dangerous. Participation in the democratic process is no exception. In a case where a candidate can demonstrate the necessary diligence in pursuing ballot access, the pandemic and a state's response to it may operate to make that state's ballot-access regime unconstitutional as applied. But, under the law that the Court must apply, this is not such a case. It is nonetheless incumbent on public officials to avoid forcing citizens who wish to exercise their right to participate in democracy to choose between their well-being and their constitutional rights. The pandemic has not relieved local, state, and federal elections officials of their obligation to foster free debate, recognize citizens and candidates of diverse views, and ensure that the people have the opportunity to cast their vote of choice. Moving forward, Defendants should strive to prepare for the upcoming November elections, with its unprecedented challenges, in the most proactive and transparent way possible, so that voters and candidates alike can be sure that they have all the information and means necessary to fully participate in the electoral process in the safest and most responsible way possible. See document for further details. Court Reporter: Not Reported. (gk) (Entered: 07/21/2020)

July 20, 2020

July 20, 2020

Clearinghouse
23

NOTICE OF APPEAL to the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals filed by Plaintiffs Joseph Kishore, Norissa Santa Cruz. Appeal of Order on Motion for Preliminary Injunction,,,,,, 22 . (Appeal Fee - $505 Fee Paid, Receipt No. BCACDC-27320555.) (Attachments: # 1 Representation Statement, # 2 Order Appealed From)(Seabaugh, Thomas) (Entered: 07/22/2020)

July 22, 2020

July 22, 2020

PACER
25

NOTIFICATION from Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals of case number assigned and briefing schedule. Appeal Docket No. 20-55748 assigned to Notice of Appeal to 9th Circuit Court of Appeals 23 as to Plaintiffs Joseph Kishore, Norissa Santa Cruz. (gk) (Entered: 07/24/2020)

July 23, 2020

July 23, 2020

PACER
24

APPLICATION for Refund of Fees Paid Re: Notice of Appeal to 9th Circuit Court of Appeals, 23 filed by Plaintiffs Joseph Kishore, Norissa Santa Cruz. (Seabaugh, Thomas) (Entered: 07/24/2020)

July 24, 2020

July 24, 2020

PACER
26

ORDER from Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals filed re: Notice of Appeal to 9th Circuit Court of Appeals 23 filed by Joseph Kishore, Norissa Santa Cruz. CCA # 20-55748. The motion to expedite is denied. See document for further details. (gk) (Entered: 07/28/2020)

July 27, 2020

July 27, 2020

PACER
27

TRANSCRIPT for proceedings held on 7/20/2020 2:00 P.M.. Court Reporter/Electronic Court Recorder: miriam baird, phone number mvb11893@aol.com. Transcript may be viewed at the court public terminal or purchased through the Court Reporter/Electronic Court Recorder before the deadline for Release of Transcript Restriction. After that date it may be obtained through PACER. Notice of Intent to Redact due within 7 days of this date. Redaction Request due 8/19/2020. Redacted Transcript Deadline set for 8/31/2020. Release of Transcript Restriction set for 10/27/2020. (Baird, Miriam) (Entered: 07/29/2020)

July 29, 2020

July 29, 2020

PACER
28

NOTICE OF FILING TRANSCRIPT filed for proceedings 7/20/2020 re Transcript 27 THERE IS NO PDF DOCUMENT ASSOCIATED WITH THIS ENTRY. (Baird, Miriam) TEXT ONLY ENTRY (Entered: 07/29/2020)

July 29, 2020

July 29, 2020

PACER

Notice of Filing Transcript

July 30, 2020

July 30, 2020

PACER
29

ORDER from Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals filed re: Notice of Appeal to 9th Circuit Court of Appeals 23 filed by Joseph Kishore, Norissa Santa Cruz. CCA # 20-55748. Appellants' motion for reconsideration is denied. The previously established briefing schedule remains in effect. (gk) (Entered: 08/06/2020)

Aug. 5, 2020

Aug. 5, 2020

Clearinghouse
30

NOTICE of Voluntary Dismissal filed by plaintiffs Joseph Kishore, Norissa Santa Cruz. Dismissal is without prejudice. (Seabaugh, Thomas) (Entered: 08/07/2020)

Aug. 7, 2020

Aug. 7, 2020

Clearinghouse
31

REFUND OF 505.00 made payable on 08/19/2020 to Thomas C Seabaugh for payment made on 07/22/2020 Re: APPLICATION for Refund of Fees Paid Re: Notice of Appeal to 9th Circuit Court of Appeals, 23 24 . (rdj) (Entered: 08/19/2020)

Aug. 19, 2020

Aug. 19, 2020

PACER
32

USCA Memorandum/Opinion/Order

March 3, 2021

March 3, 2021

Clearinghouse

Case Details

State / Territory: California

Case Type(s):

Election/Voting Rights

Special Collection(s):

COVID-19 (novel coronavirus)

Healthy Elections COVID litigation tracker

Law Firm Antiracism Alliance (LFAA) project

Key Dates

Filing Date: June 30, 2020

Case Ongoing: Yes

Plaintiffs

Plaintiff Description:

Plaintiffs include Joseph Kishore and Norissa Santa Cruz. Joseph Kishore was the 2020 presidential candidate for the Socialist Equality Party. Norissa Santa Cruz was the 2020 vice presidential candidate for the Socialist Equality Party.

Public Interest Lawyer: No

Filed Pro Se: No

Class Action Sought: No

Class Action Outcome: Not sought

Defendants

Gavin Newsom, Governor of California, in his official capacity (Los Angeles), State

Alex Padilla, Secretary of State of California, in his official capacity (Los Angeles), State

Case Details

Causes of Action:

42 U.S.C. § 1983

State law

Constitutional Clause(s):

Due Process

Equal Protection

Available Documents:

Complaint (any)

Any published opinion

Outcome

Prevailing Party: Defendant

Nature of Relief:

None

None yet

Source of Relief:

None yet

None

Amount Defendant Pays: $0.00

Issues

Voting:

Candidate qualifications

Election administration