Case: Gray v. St. Louis City Board of Elections

4:16-cv-01548 | U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri

Filed Date: Sept. 30, 2016

Closed Date: Oct. 13, 2016

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Case Summary

This case is about absentee voting accommodations for voters with visual impairments.   On September 30, 2016, two blind voters filed a federal complaint in the Eastern District of Missouri.  The plaintiffs sued the St. Louis Board of Election Commissioners (“Election Board”) under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act.  Represented by the Saint Louis University Legal Clinic and the Missouri Protection and Advocacy Services, the plaintiffs sought a …

This case is about absentee voting accommodations for voters with visual impairments.  

On September 30, 2016, two blind voters filed a federal complaint in the Eastern District of Missouri.  The plaintiffs sued the St. Louis Board of Election Commissioners (“Election Board”) under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act.  Represented by the Saint Louis University Legal Clinic and the Missouri Protection and Advocacy Services, the plaintiffs sought a temporary restraining order, permanent injunctive relief, and a declaration that the ADA and Section 504 require election authorities to make accessible voting, including touch-screen voting machines, available at all elections and during absentee voting for all elections.  

For the 2016 election, the plaintiffs requested an accommodation from Election Board to allow them to use touch-screen voting machines with audio versions of the ballots during the absentee period, as they were unable to vote using paper ballots. The Election Board previously allowed persons with disabilities to vote during the absentee period using touch-screen machines.  But in 2016, the Election Board changed its policy in light of a recent state-court appellate decision holding that absentee ballots must be cast in person or via mail to be placed inside a pre-printed ballot envelope.

With their complaint, the plaintiffs filed a motion for a temporary restraining order, a preliminary injunction, and a permanent injunctive relief.  They claimed that the Election Board was inflicting irreparable harm on the plaintiffs and other voters with disabilities who are similarly situated, the plaintiffs had no adequate remedy at law, and that the harm in the case was immediate and ongoing, because absentee voting in the city of St. Louis was already underway. They also claimed that the Election Board would suffer no harm if a preliminary injunction was granted, because the Election Board already possessed and had previously used the touch-screen machines during absentee voting.

The Election Board answered the complaint on the same day it was filed, September 30, 2016.  In its Answer, the Election Board stated that it was willing and able to provide touch-screen voting machines in absentee voting, as it has done for years, but that it was constrained by the recent state-court decision.

Judge Audrey G. Fleissig heard the case on the day that it was filed and answered.  At the hearing, Judge Fleissig issued a temporary restraining order and scheduled another hearing on October 13, 2024.  She ordered the board to “make touch-screen voting machines with audio and all other accessible voting technology available for persons with disabilities during the absentee-voting period for the November 8, 2016 election.”   

The parties stipulated dismissal of the action on October 13, 2016.

Summary Authors

(6/11/2024)

People

For PACER's information on parties and their attorneys, see: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/4515060/parties/gray-v-st-louis-city-board-of-election-commissioners/


Judge(s)

Fleissig, Audrey Goldstein (Missouri)

Attorney for Plaintiff

Ammann, John J. (Missouri)

Eckles, Susan K. (Missouri)

Heitholt, Vincent Kellen (Missouri)

Attorney for Defendant

Jacober, Matthew A. (Missouri)

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Documents in the Clearinghouse

Document
3

4:16-cv-01548

Suggestions in Support of Motion for Temporary Restraining Order and Preliminary Injunction and for Permanent Injunctive Relief

Gray v. St. Louis City Board of Election Commissioners

Sept. 30, 2016

Sept. 30, 2016

Pleading / Motion / Brief
6

4:16-cv-01548

Answer

Gray v. St. Louis City Board of Election Commissioners

Sept. 30, 2016

Sept. 30, 2016

Other
1

4:16-cv-01548

Complaint for Declaratory and Injunctive Relief

Gray v. St. Louis City Board of Election Commissioners

Sept. 30, 2016

Sept. 30, 2016

Complaint
9

4:16-cv-01548

Temporary Restraining Order And Order Setting Date For Preliminary Injunction Hearing

Gray v. St. Louis City Board of Election Commissioners

Sept. 30, 2016

Sept. 30, 2016

Order/Opinion
2

4:16-cv-01548

Motion for Temporary Restraining Order and Preliminary Injunction and Permanent Injunctive Relief

Gray v. St. Louis City Board of Election Commissioners

Sept. 30, 2016

Sept. 30, 2016

Pleading / Motion / Brief
14

4:16-cv-01548

Joint Stipulation of Dismissal

Gray v. St. Louis City Board of Election Commissioners

Oct. 13, 2016

Oct. 13, 2016

Other

Docket

See docket on RECAP: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/4515060/gray-v-st-louis-city-board-of-election-commissioners/

Last updated Aug. 20, 2025, 9:05 p.m.

ECF Number Description Date Link Date / Link
1

COMPLAINT against defendant St. Louis City Board of Election Commissioners with receipt number 0865-5610375, in the amount of $400 Non-Jury Demand,, filed by Christopher Gray, William Koppelmann. (Attachments: # 1 Civil Cover Sheet, # 2 Original Filing Form, # 3 Summons, # 4 Motion for Temporary Restraining Order, # 5 Suggestions in Support of Motion for Temporary Restraining Order, # 6 Fey Declaration, # 7 Gray Declaration, # 8 Koppelmann Declaration, # 9 Motion from related case, # 10 Memorandum of Availability)(Ammann, John) (Entered: 09/30/2016)

1 Civil Cover Sheet

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2 Original Filing Form

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3 Summons

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4 Motion for Temporary Restraining Order

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5 Suggestions in Support of Motion for Temporary Restraining Order

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6 Fey Declaration

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7 Gray Declaration

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8 Koppelmann Declaration

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9 Motion from related case

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10 Memorandum of Availability

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Sept. 30, 2016

Sept. 30, 2016

Clearinghouse
10

Minute Entry for proceedings held before District Judge Audrey G. Fleissig: In Court Hearing held on 9/30/2016. Parties present for a Temporary Restraining Order (Doc # 2 ). Arguments heard from counsel. Motion granted. Order Issued and read before court. Preliminary Injunction scheduled for October 13, 2016 at 2:00pm. (Court Reporter:S. Moran) (FTR Gold: No) (KCB) (Entered: 09/30/2016)

Sept. 30, 2016

Sept. 30, 2016

RECAP
11

Docket Text ORDER: Re: 8 Motion to Allow Rule 13 Law Students to Represent Plaintiffs, filed by Plaintiffs Christopher Gray, William Koppelmann; ORDERED DENIED, without prejudice to refling with a copy of the parties' "signed consent to the participation of the law student" on the parties' behalf, as required by L.R. 12.05. Signed by District Judge Audrey G. Fleissig on September 30, 2016. (AGF) (Entered: 09/30/2016)

Sept. 30, 2016

Sept. 30, 2016

PACER
2

MOTION for Temporary Restraining Order by Plaintiffs Christopher Gray, William Koppelmann. (JWD) (Entered: 09/30/2016)

Sept. 30, 2016

Sept. 30, 2016

Clearinghouse
3

MEMORANDUM in Support of Motion re 2 MOTION for Temporary Restraining Order filed by Plaintiffs Christopher Gray, William Koppelmann. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit 1 Fey Declaration, # 2 Exhibit 2 Gray Declaration, # 3 Exhibit 3 Koppelmann Declaration, # 4 Motion of Related Case)(JWD) (Entered: 09/30/2016)

1 Exhibit 1 Fey Declaration

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2 Exhibit 2 Gray Declaration

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3 Exhibit 3 Koppelmann Declaration

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4 Motion of Related Case

View on RECAP

Sept. 30, 2016

Sept. 30, 2016

Clearinghouse
4

MEMORANDUM of Availability re 2 MOTION for Temporary Restraining Order by Plaintiffs Christopher Gray, William Koppelmann. (JWD) (Entered: 09/30/2016)

Sept. 30, 2016

Sept. 30, 2016

PACER
5

ENTRY of Appearance by Matthew A. Jacober for Defendant St. Louis City Board of Election Commissioners. (Jacober, Matthew) (Entered: 09/30/2016)

Sept. 30, 2016

Sept. 30, 2016

PACER
6

ANSWER to 1 Complaint,, by St. Louis City Board of Election Commissioners. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit 1)(Jacober, Matthew) (Entered: 09/30/2016)

1 Exhibit 1

View on RECAP

Sept. 30, 2016

Sept. 30, 2016

Clearinghouse
7

ENTRY of Appearance by Patricia L. Silva for Defendant St. Louis City Board of Election Commissioners. (Silva, Patricia) (Entered: 09/30/2016)

Sept. 30, 2016

Sept. 30, 2016

PACER
8

Motion to Allow Rule 13 Law Students to Represent Plaintiffs Law Student Representation by Plaintiffs Christopher Gray, William Koppelmann.. (Ammann, John) Modified on 9/30/2016 (KCB). (Entered: 09/30/2016)

Sept. 30, 2016

Sept. 30, 2016

PACER
9

TEMPORARY RESTRAINING ORDER and ORDER SETTING DATE FOR PRELIMINARY INJUCTION HEARING: IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that Plaintiffs motion for a Temporary Restraining Order is GRANTED. (Doc. No. 2 .) IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that pending this Courts issuance of a ruling with respect to Plaintiffs request for a preliminary injunction, Defendant (A) is enjoined from violating Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act with respect to absentee voting for the November 8, 2016 election, and (B) shall make touch-screen voting machines with audio and all other accessible voting technology available for persons with disabilities during the absentee voting period for the November 8, 2016 election. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED, with consent of Defendant, and finding no security to be necessary, that the bond requirement of Rule 65(c) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure is waived. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that this matter is set for a hearing with respect to Plaintiffs request for a preliminary injunction on Thursday, October 13, 2016, at 2:00 p.m. ( In Court Hearing set for 10/13/2016 02:00 PM in Courtroom 12S before District Judge Audrey G. Fleissig.). Signed by District Judge Audrey G. Fleissig on 09/30/2016. (KCB) (Entered: 09/30/2016)

Sept. 30, 2016

Sept. 30, 2016

Clearinghouse

Case Opening Notification

Sept. 30, 2016

Sept. 30, 2016

PACER

A Docket Text Order

Sept. 30, 2016

Sept. 30, 2016

PACER

Case Opening Notification: Judge Assigned: Honorable Audrey G. Fleissig. (JWD)

Sept. 30, 2016

Sept. 30, 2016

PACER
12

NOTICE of Filing Exhibit with the Clerk's Office in paper format by Defendant St. Louis City Board of Election Commissioners (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A)(Silva, Patricia) (Entered: 10/03/2016)

Oct. 3, 2016

Oct. 3, 2016

PACER
13

PRE-HEARING ORDER...IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that counsel shall, no later than October 12, 2016, at 4:30 p.m., file the following: [SEE ORDER FOR COMPLETE DETAILS]...IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that if the parties need additional time to comply with this Order or otherwise wish to delay the preliminary injunction hearing, the parties shall file a motion to continue the preliminary injunction hearing no later than October 12, 2016, at 4:30 p.m. Any such motion shall advise the Court of whether the parties agree to extend the Temporary Restraining Order previously issued in this case until the date of a hearing on the preliminary injunction. Signed by District Judge Audrey G. Fleissig on 10/11/2016. (NEB) (Entered: 10/11/2016)

Oct. 11, 2016

Oct. 11, 2016

RECAP
14

Joint MOTION to Dismiss Case by Plaintiffs Christopher Gray, William Koppelmann. (Ammann, John) (Entered: 10/13/2016)

Oct. 13, 2016

Oct. 13, 2016

Clearinghouse
15

Docket Text ORDER Re: 14 Joint Motion to Dismiss Case by Plaintiffs Christopher Gray, William Koppelmann; SO ORDERED. The preliminary injunction hearing scheduled for this afternoon is cancelled. Signed by District Judge Audrey G. Fleissig on October 13, 2016. (SAA) (Entered: 10/13/2016)

Oct. 13, 2016

Oct. 13, 2016

PACER

A Docket Text Order

Oct. 13, 2016

Oct. 13, 2016

PACER

Case Details

State / Territory: Missouri

Case Type(s):

Election/Voting Rights

Disability Rights

Special Collection(s):

Law Firm Antiracism Alliance (LFAA) project

Key Dates

Filing Date: Sept. 30, 2016

Closing Date: Oct. 13, 2016

Case Ongoing: No

Plaintiffs

Plaintiff Description:

Voters with visual impairment

Plaintiff Type(s):

Private Plaintiff

Public Interest Lawyer: Yes

Filed Pro Se: No

Class Action Sought: No

Class Action Outcome: Not sought

Defendants

St. Louis City Board of Election Commissioners (St. Louis, St. Louis), City

Defendant Type(s):

Jurisdiction-wide

Facility Type(s):

Government-run

Case Details

Causes of Action:

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), 42 U.S.C. §§ 12111 et seq.

Section 504 (Rehabilitation Act), 29 U.S.C. § 701

Available Documents:

Trial Court Docket

Complaint (any)

Injunctive (or Injunctive-like) Relief

Outcome

Prevailing Party: Plaintiff

Nature of Relief:

Injunction / Injunctive-like Settlement

Preliminary injunction / Temp. restraining order

Source of Relief:

Settlement

Form of Settlement:

Voluntary Dismissal

Content of Injunction:

Preliminary relief granted

Reasonable Accommodation

Discrimination Prohibition

Voting Process Changes

Issues

Disability and Disability Rights:

Visual impairment

Discrimination Area:

Accommodation / Leave

Discrimination Basis:

Disability (inc. reasonable accommodations)

Voting:

Voting: Physical/Effective Access