Case: Cortez v. United States of America

2:24-cv-07532 | U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York

Filed Date: Oct. 29, 2024

Case Ongoing

Clearinghouse coding complete

Case Summary

This is a putative class action accusing U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) of failing to return more than $300 million in bonds paid by individuals to secure the release of people awaiting immigration proceedings. Represented by private counsel, the plaintiff filed this suit on October 29, 2024, against the United States in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York (District Judge Joan M. Azrack). The lawsuit concerned cash bonds that allow noncitizens detained b…

This is a putative class action accusing U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) of failing to return more than $300 million in bonds paid by individuals to secure the release of people awaiting immigration proceedings.

Represented by private counsel, the plaintiff filed this suit on October 29, 2024, against the United States in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York (District Judge Joan M. Azrack). The lawsuit concerned cash bonds that allow noncitizens detained by ICE to be released from custody pending the completion of their removal proceedings. After the cancellation of the bond, which occurs when the proceedings are finalized or the subject returns to custody, ICE is obligated to notify the obligor (the person who put up the bond) that the bond has been canceled and to return the amount of the bond, plus applicable interest. However, the plaintiff alleged that ICE had failed to cancel bonds following a cancellation event on thousands of occasions, frequently failed to send notice of cancellation to the obligors, and often made it difficult for obligors to recover their money by requiring them to submit a form that they may no longer have (and that had not been discussed in the original contract). The plaintiff claimed that ICE had kept over $300 million that should have been refunded, disproportionately impacting the low-income families who often provided these cash bonds.

The plaintiff sought certification for a class of “All individuals and entities who posted a cash delivery bond with ICE and have not received a return of their cash deposit, where the bond experienced a cancellation event and was not breached prior to that event, and where the total amount of the bond plus applicable interest does not exceed $10,000 while the litigation is pending (unless the individual or entity expressly waives any right to receive damages in excess of $10,000 with respect to that bond).” The plaintiff also sought a declaratory judgment, monetary relief, and attorneys' fees.

The case remains ongoing as of January 26, 2025.

Summary Authors

Mario Campos (12/23/2024)

People

For PACER's information on parties and their attorneys, see: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/69319228/parties/cortez-v-united-states/


Judge(s)

Azrack, Joan Marie (New York)

Attorney for Plaintiff

Amanat, Farzin Franklin (New York)

Markowitz, Peter (New York)

Narwold, William H. (New York)

Norona, Mauricio Eduardo (New York)

Attorney for Defendant

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Documents in the Clearinghouse

Document
1

2:24-cv-07532

Complaint

Complaint - Cortez v. United States

Oct. 29, 2024

Oct. 29, 2024

Complaint

Docket

See docket on RECAP: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/69319228/cortez-v-united-states/

Last updated Aug. 7, 2025, 5:22 a.m.

ECF Number Description Date Link Date / Link
1

COMPLAINT [CLASS ACTION COMPLAINT] against United States of America filing fee $ 405, receipt number ANYEDC-18436409 Was the Disclosure Statement on Civil Cover Sheet completed -YES,, filed by Douglas Cortez. (Attachments: # 1 Civil Cover Sheet) (Amanat, Farzin) Modified on 10/29/2024 (LJ). (Entered: 10/29/2024)

Oct. 29, 2024

Oct. 29, 2024

PACER

Case Assigned/Reassigned

Oct. 29, 2024

Oct. 29, 2024

PACER

Quality Control Check - Summons

Oct. 29, 2024

Oct. 29, 2024

PACER
2

Proposed Summons. Re 1 Complaint, by Douglas Cortez (Amanat, Farzin) (Entered: 10/29/2024)

Oct. 29, 2024

Oct. 29, 2024

PACER
3

Proposed Summons. Re 1 Complaint, by Douglas Cortez (Amanat, Farzin) (Entered: 10/29/2024)

Oct. 29, 2024

Oct. 29, 2024

PACER
4

NOTICE of Appearance by Peter Markowitz on behalf of All Plaintiffs (aty to be noticed) (Markowitz, Peter) (Entered: 10/29/2024)

Oct. 29, 2024

Oct. 29, 2024

PACER
5

This attorney case opening filing has been checked for quality control. See the attachment for corrections that were made. (LJ) (Entered: 10/29/2024)

Oct. 29, 2024

Oct. 29, 2024

PACER

Case Assigned to Magistrate Judge Arlene R. Lindsay. Please download and review the Individual Practices of the assigned Judges, located on our website. Attorneys are responsible for providing courtesy copies to judges where their Individual Practices require such. (LJ)

Oct. 29, 2024

Oct. 29, 2024

PACER
6

Clerks Notice Re: Consent. A magistrate judge has been assigned as the presiding judge in this case as part of a Pilot Program, governed by EDNY Administrative Order 2023-23. In accordance with Rule 73 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, Local Rule 73.1, the parties are notified that if all parties consent, the assigned Magistrate Judge is available to conduct all proceedings in this action including a (jury or nonjury) trial and to order the entry of a final judgment. Attached to this Notice is a blank copy of the consent form that should be filled out, signed and filed electronically only if all parties wish to consent. The form is also available here: https://www.nyed.uscourts.gov/edny-direct-assignment-pilot-program. Any party may withhold its consent without adverse substantive consequences. Do NOT return or file the consent unless all parties have signed the consent. Unless all parties consent to the Magistrate Judge jurisdiction by the deadline set forth in the Administrative Order 2023-23, a District Judge will be assigned to the case. The parties are directed to review the terms of Administrative Order 2023-23 and other materials related to the Pilot Program on the Courts website: https://www.nyed.uscourts.gov/edny-direct-assignment-pilot-program. (LJ) (Entered: 10/29/2024)

Oct. 29, 2024

Oct. 29, 2024

PACER

Your proposed summonses were not issued for the following reason: Please include a summons with an address to serve defendant "United States of America" in addition to the addresses provided for the EDNY U.S. Attorney and United States Attorney General. Please correct and resubmit using the event Proposed Summons/Civil Cover Sheet. (LJ)

Oct. 29, 2024

Oct. 29, 2024

PACER
7

Proposed Summons. Re 1 Complaint, by Douglas Cortez (Amanat, Farzin) (Entered: 10/29/2024)

Oct. 29, 2024

Oct. 29, 2024

PACER
8

Proposed Summons. Re 1 Complaint, by Douglas Cortez (Amanat, Farzin) (Entered: 10/29/2024)

Oct. 29, 2024

Oct. 29, 2024

PACER
9

NOTICE of Appearance by Mauricio Norona on behalf of Douglas Cortez (aty to be noticed) (Norona, Mauricio) (Entered: 10/29/2024)

Oct. 29, 2024

Oct. 29, 2024

PACER
10

Summons Issued as to United States of America, U.S. Attorney and U.S. Attorney General (AMF) (Entered: 10/30/2024)

Oct. 30, 2024

Oct. 30, 2024

PACER
11

SCHEDULING ORDER: An Initial Conference is scheduled for January 8, 2025 at 11:00 before Magistrate Judge Arlene R. Lindsay. See the attached Order for details. Ordered by Magistrate Judge Arlene R. Lindsay on 10/31/2024. c/ecf (RI) (Entered: 10/31/2024)

Oct. 31, 2024

Oct. 31, 2024

PACER
12

Notice of MOTION to Certify Class [Plaintiffs' Placeholder Motion for Class Certification, and Request to Hold Motion in Abeyance] by Douglas Cortez. (Attachments: # 1 Memorandum in Support) (Amanat, Farzin) (Entered: 11/21/2024)

Nov. 21, 2024

Nov. 21, 2024

PACER
13

NOTICE of Appearance by Robert W. Schumacher, II on behalf of United States of America (aty to be noticed) (Schumacher, Robert) (Entered: 11/22/2024)

Nov. 22, 2024

Nov. 22, 2024

PACER
14

Letter MOTION for Extension of Time to File Answer re 1 Complaint, by United States of America. (Schumacher, Robert) (Entered: 12/04/2024)

Dec. 4, 2024

Dec. 4, 2024

PACER

Order on Motion for Extension of Time to Answer

Dec. 5, 2024

Dec. 5, 2024

PACER

ORDER granting 14 Motion for Extension of Time to Answer. The time for Defendant United States of America to answer, move against or otherwise respond to the Complaint is extended until February 3, 2025. The Initial Conference scheduled for January 8, 2025 is adjourned until February 12, 2025 at 11:00 a.m. The time for Defendant to respond to Plaintiff's motion for class certification is extended until March 3, 2025. Ordered by Magistrate Judge Arlene R. Lindsay on 12/5/2024. (BJ)

Dec. 5, 2024

Dec. 5, 2024

PACER
15

NOTICE by Douglas Cortez : Joint Notice of Lack of All Parties' Consent to have a United States Magistrate Judge conduct all proceedings in accordance with 28 USC 636(c). The Clerk of the Court is respectfully requested to assign a United States District Judge to preside over this case. (Amanat, Farzin) (Entered: 12/09/2024)

Dec. 9, 2024

Dec. 9, 2024

RECAP

Consent to Jurisdiction by US Magistrate Judge - Declined

Dec. 18, 2024

Dec. 18, 2024

PACER

Case Assigned/Reassigned AND Case Referred to Magistrate Judge

Dec. 18, 2024

Dec. 18, 2024

PACER

NOTICE to Assign District Judge: The Clerk of Court is directed to reassign this case to a district judge. c/ecf (RI)

Dec. 18, 2024

Dec. 18, 2024

PACER

Case Reassigned to Judge Joan M. Azrack and Magistrate Judge Arlene R. Lindsay. Please download and review the Individual Practices of the assigned Judges, located on our website. Attorneys are responsible for providing courtesy copies to judges where their Individual Practices require such. (LJ)

Dec. 18, 2024

Dec. 18, 2024

PACER
16

NOTICE of Appearance by William H. Narwold on behalf of Douglas Cortez (aty to be noticed) (Narwold, William) (Entered: 12/19/2024)

Dec. 19, 2024

Dec. 19, 2024

RECAP
17

Letter MOTION for pre motion conference for leave to file MTD by United States of America. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A, # 2 Exhibit B, # 3 Exhibit C) (Schumacher, Robert) (Entered: 02/03/2025)

Feb. 3, 2025

Feb. 3, 2025

PACER
18

MOTION for Extension of Time to File Response/Reply as to 17 Letter MOTION for pre motion conference for leave to file MTD, seeking, ON CONSENT of the Government, an extension until Friday February 14 to respond to 17 the Government's premotion letter. Respectfully submitted by Douglas Cortez. (Amanat, Farzin) (Entered: 02/07/2025)

Feb. 7, 2025

Feb. 7, 2025

RECAP
19

Consent MOTION to Adjourn Conference . With the consent and concurrence of the Government, Plaintiff respectfully requests that the Court adjourn the initial conference scheduled for Wednesday, February 12, 2025, and to correspondingly stay discovery in the action, until the parties have completed briefing on the Government's motion to dismiss, and on Plaintiff's placeholder motion for class certification. At the conclusion of said briefing, the parties will meet and confer to assess whether it makes sense to continue the stay of discovery or to ask the Court to schedule a Rule 16(b) conference so that discovery may commence. Respectfully submitted by Douglas Cortez. (Amanat, Farzin) (Entered: 02/07/2025)

Feb. 7, 2025

Feb. 7, 2025

RECAP

Order on Motion for Extension of Time to File Response/Reply

Feb. 10, 2025

Feb. 10, 2025

PACER

Order on Motion to Adjourn Conference AND Status Report Order

Feb. 10, 2025

Feb. 10, 2025

PACER

ORDER granting 18 Motion for Extension of Time to File Response/Reply. Ordered by Judge Joan M. Azrack on 2/10/2025. (AJS)

Feb. 10, 2025

Feb. 10, 2025

PACER

ORDER re 19 : The February 12, 2025 conference is adjourned and discovery is stayed until the parties have completed their briefing schedule. The parties are directed to submit a joint status letter on or before March 25, 2025.Ordered by Magistrate Judge Arlene R. Lindsay on 2/10/2025. c/ecf (RI)

Feb. 10, 2025

Feb. 10, 2025

PACER
20

RESPONSE in Opposition re 17 Letter MOTION for pre motion conference for leave to file MTD filed by Douglas Cortez. (Amanat, Farzin) (Entered: 02/14/2025)

Feb. 14, 2025

Feb. 14, 2025

RECAP
21

RESPONSE to Motion re 12 Notice of MOTION to Certify Class [Plaintiffs' Placeholder Motion for Class Certification, and Request to Hold Motion in Abeyance] filed by United States of America. (Schumacher, Robert) (Entered: 03/03/2025)

March 3, 2025

March 3, 2025

RECAP
22

REPLY in Support re 21 Response to Motion, 12 Notice of MOTION to Certify Class [Plaintiffs' Placeholder Motion for Class Certification, and Request to Hold Motion in Abeyance] [Letter to Judge Azrack in response to Government's letter of March 3] filed by Douglas Cortez. (Amanat, Farzin) (Entered: 03/10/2025)

March 10, 2025

March 10, 2025

RECAP
23

AMENDED COMPLAINT [First Amended Class Action Complaint] against United States of America, filed by Douglas Cortez, NELL B. ARCHER. (Amanat, Farzin) (Entered: 03/14/2025)

March 14, 2025

March 14, 2025

RECAP
24

Letter to Judge Azrack accompanying filing of Amended Complaint by NELL B. ARCHER, Douglas Cortez (Amanat, Farzin) (Entered: 03/14/2025)

March 14, 2025

March 14, 2025

PACER
25

STATUS REPORT (JOINT) by NELL B. ARCHER, Douglas Cortez (Amanat, Farzin) (Entered: 03/25/2025)

March 25, 2025

March 25, 2025

RECAP

Status Report Order

March 26, 2025

March 26, 2025

PACER

ORDER re 25 : The parties are directed to submit a further status letter by April 25, 2025. Ordered by Magistrate Judge Arlene R. Lindsay on 3/26/2025. c/ecf (RI)

March 26, 2025

March 26, 2025

PACER
26

Consent MOTION to Withdraw 23 Amended Complaint Consent Motion to Withdraw Amended Complaint and Reinstate Initial Complaint by Douglas Cortez. (Amanat, Farzin) (Entered: 04/15/2025)

April 15, 2025

April 15, 2025

PACER

Order on Motion to Withdraw

April 16, 2025

April 16, 2025

PACER

ORDER re 26 : The motion to withdraw the amended complaint and reinstate the initial complaint as the operative pleading is granted. Ordered by Magistrate Judge Arlene R. Lindsay on 4/16/2025. c/ecf (RI)

April 16, 2025

April 16, 2025

PACER
27

STATUS REPORT by Douglas Cortez (Amanat, Farzin) (Entered: 04/25/2025)

April 25, 2025

April 25, 2025

RECAP

Status Report Order

April 28, 2025

April 28, 2025

PACER

ORDER re 27 : The parties are directed to submit a further status letter by June 27, 2025. Ordered by Magistrate Judge Arlene R. Lindsay on 4/28/2025. c/ecf (RI)

April 28, 2025

April 28, 2025

PACER

Order on Motion for Pre Motion Conference

June 24, 2025

June 24, 2025

PACER

ORDER granting 17 Motion for Pre Motion Conference. A telephone pre motion conference is set for 7/15/2025 at 3:30 PM before Judge Joan M. Azrack. Counsel shall dial 571-353-2301 and enter access code 279933568 at the prompt. Ordered by Judge Joan M. Azrack on 6/24/2025. (AJS)

June 24, 2025

June 24, 2025

PACER
28

STATUS REPORT Joint Status Report by NELL B. ARCHER, Douglas Cortez (Amanat, Farzin) (Entered: 06/27/2025)

June 27, 2025

June 27, 2025

RECAP

Status Report Order

June 30, 2025

June 30, 2025

PACER

ORDER re 28 : The parties are directed to submit a further status report by July 25, 2025. Ordered by Magistrate Judge Arlene R. Lindsay on 6/30/2025. c/ecf (RI)

June 30, 2025

June 30, 2025

PACER
29

Letter MOTION to Adjourn Conference by United States of America. (Schumacher, Robert) (Entered: 07/03/2025)

July 3, 2025

July 3, 2025

PACER

Order on Motion to Adjourn Conference

July 3, 2025

July 3, 2025

PACER

ORDER granting 29 Motion to Adjourn Conference. The telephone pre motion conference is rescheduled for 7/22/2025 at 3:30 PM before Judge Joan M. Azrack. Counsel shall dial 571-353-2301 and enter access code 279933568 at the prompt. Ordered by Judge Joan M. Azrack on 7/3/2025. (AJS)

July 3, 2025

July 3, 2025

PACER

Scheduling Order

July 16, 2025

July 16, 2025

PACER

SCHEDULING ORDER: Due to a change in this Court's calendar, the telephone pre-motion conference scheduled for 7/22/2025 will be held at 3:00 PM. Dial-in remains the same. Ordered by Judge Joan M. Azrack on 7/16/2025. (LP)

July 16, 2025

July 16, 2025

PACER
30

STATUS REPORT by United States of America (Schumacher, Robert) Modified on 7/18/2025 (LC). STRICKEN pursuant to 7/18/2025 Order of Judge Joan M. Azrack. This entry has been modified on 7/18/2025 to indicate Status Report 30 has been stricken. (LC). Modified on 7/18/2025 (LC). (Entered: 07/17/2025)

July 17, 2025

July 17, 2025

RECAP
31

STATUS REPORT with Exhibit by United States of America (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A) (Schumacher, Robert) (Entered: 07/17/2025)

1

View on RECAP

July 17, 2025

July 17, 2025

RECAP
32

Letter MOTION to Strike 30 Status Report by United States of America. (Schumacher, Robert) (Entered: 07/18/2025)

July 18, 2025

July 18, 2025

RECAP

Order on Motion to Strike

July 18, 2025

July 18, 2025

PACER

Order(Other)

July 18, 2025

July 18, 2025

PACER

ORDER granting 32 Motion to Strike. Ordered by Judge Joan M. Azrack on 7/18/2025. (AJS)

July 18, 2025

July 18, 2025

PACER

ORDER denying 31 Motion to Stay/Adjourn Conference. The telephone pre-motion conference scheduled for 7/22/2025 at 3:00 PM will take place as previously ordered. Dial-in remains the same. Ordered by Judge Joan M. Azrack on 7/18/2025. (AJS)

July 18, 2025

July 18, 2025

PACER
33

Letter

July 21, 2025

July 21, 2025

RECAP
34

Appear Pro Hac Vice

July 21, 2025

July 21, 2025

PACER
35

Notice of Appearance

July 22, 2025

July 22, 2025

PACER
36

Evidentiary Hearing AND Pre Motion Conference AND ~Util - Set Hearings

July 22, 2025

July 22, 2025

RECAP

Order(Other)

July 22, 2025

July 22, 2025

PACER

Order on Motion for Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice

July 22, 2025

July 22, 2025

PACER

Case Details

State / Territory: New York

Case Type(s):

Immigration and/or the Border

Criminal Justice (Other)

Key Dates

Filing Date: Oct. 29, 2024

Case Ongoing: Yes

Plaintiffs

Plaintiff Description:

A proposed class of individuals and entities nationwide who posted cash delivery bonds with ICE, experienced a cancellation event without prior breach, and have not received refunds for bonds totaling $10,000 or less.

Plaintiff Type(s):

Private Plaintiff

Public Interest Lawyer: No

Filed Pro Se: No

Class Action Sought: Yes

Class Action Outcome: Pending

Defendants

United States of America (- United States (national) -), Federal

Defendant Type(s):

Law-enforcement

Jurisdiction-wide

Case Details

Available Documents:

Trial Court Docket

Complaint (any)

Outcome

Prevailing Party: None Yet / None

Nature of Relief:

None yet

Source of Relief:

None yet

Issues

General/Misc.:

Fines/Fees/Bail/Bond

Immigration/Border:

Detention - procedures