Case: Northeast Organic Farming Association of New York v. U.S. Department of Agriculture

1:25-cv-01529 | U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York

Filed Date: Feb. 24, 2025

Case Ongoing

Clearinghouse coding complete

Case Summary

This case challenged the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) removal of climate-related content from its websites following the 2025 presidential transition. On February 24, 2025, three nonprofit organizations—the Northeast Organic Farming Association of New York (NOFA-NY), the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC), and the Environmental Working Group (EWG)—filed this lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. The plaintiffs, represented by Earthjustice and…

This case challenged the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) removal of climate-related content from its websites following the 2025 presidential transition. On February 24, 2025, three nonprofit organizations—the Northeast Organic Farming Association of New York (NOFA-NY), the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC), and the Environmental Working Group (EWG)—filed this lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. The plaintiffs, represented by Earthjustice and the Knight First Amendment Institute at Columbia University, sued the USDA under the Administrative Procedure Act (APA), the Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA), and the Declaratory Judgment Act. They sought a preliminary and permanent injunction ordering the agency to restore the removed webpages and to halt further removals conducted under the January 30 directive issued by USDA leadership. 

The case was assigned to Judge Margaret M. Garnett.

The plaintiffs alleged that on or after January 30, the USDA’s Office of Communications issued a directive instructing agency staff to “identify and archive or unpublish any landing pages focused on climate change.” According to plaintiffs, this order led to the removal of key digital tools and informational resources related to climate resilience, funding programs, and clean energy initiatives, including the COMET-Farm tool, COMET-Planner, the USDA Climate Hubs, and the Climate Risk Viewer. Plaintiffs claimed that this takedown was unlawful because it violated the PRA’s “adequate notice” and “equitable access” provisions, and because the USDA failed to consider reliance interests and public impact, rendering the agency’s actions arbitrary and capricious under the APA.

On March 17, plaintiffs moved for a preliminary injunction (PI). They argued that the website removals caused irreparable harm to farmers, agricultural advisors, and climate policy advocates by impairing their access to federal resources necessary for decision-making, funding applications, and public engagement. The USDA opposed the motion, arguing that the removals were part of routine website maintenance following a change in administration. In a sworn declaration, the USDA’s Acting Director of Communications stated that content was archived—not deleted—and that much of it remained accessible through internal systems or was hosted on external platforms.

Plaintiffs replied on April 7, reiterating that the agency’s removals were sweeping and unreasoned, and occurred without public input or a clear policy framework. They emphasized that certain removed tools were not externally hosted and that USDA’s reliance on the Internet Archive was insufficient to meet legal obligations. Plaintiffs also requested oral argument, noting that the APA and PRA claims presented issues of first impression in the Second Circuit.

On June 11, the USDA informed the court that it had restored many of the webpages referenced in the complaint and was continuing to review others. The agency acknowledged that some content remained under review pursuant to a disclaimer stating that “effective beginning 5/20/2025, this website and all linked websites under the control of the agency is under review and content may change.”

As of July 7, no ruling had been issued on the PI motion. The case is ongoing.

Summary Authors

Oliver Farnum (2/26/2025)

Brian Chen (7/7/2025)

People

For PACER's information on parties and their attorneys, see: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/69665792/parties/northeast-organic-farming-association-of-new-york-v-us-department-of/


Attorney for Plaintiff

Abdo, Alexander Abraham (New York)

Apfel, Carrie (New York)

Busch, Jackson Thomas (New York)

Krent, Stephanie (New York)

Lehner, Peter Hans (New York)

Attorney for Defendant

show all people

Documents in the Clearinghouse

Document
1

1:25-cv-01529

Complaint for Declaratory and Injunctive Relief

Feb. 24, 2025

Feb. 24, 2025

Complaint
16

1:25-cv-01529

Memorandum of Law in Support of Plaintiffs' Motion for Preliminary Injunction

March 17, 2025

March 17, 2025

Pleading / Motion / Brief
15

1:25-cv-01529

Notice of Plaintiffs' Motion for a Preliminary Injunction

March 17, 2025

March 17, 2025

Pleading / Motion / Brief
17

1:25-cv-01529

[Proposed] Order Granting Plaintiffs' Motion for a Preliminary Injunction

March 17, 2025

March 17, 2025

Pleading / Motion / Brief
21

1:25-cv-01529

Defendant's Memorandum of Law in Opposition to Plaintiffs’ Motion for A Preliminary Injunction

March 31, 2025

March 31, 2025

Pleading / Motion / Brief
25

1:25-cv-01529

Reply Memorandum of Law in Support of Plaintiffs’ Motion For A Preliminary Injunction

April 7, 2025

April 7, 2025

Pleading / Motion / Brief

Docket

See docket on RECAP: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/69665792/northeast-organic-farming-association-of-new-york-v-us-department-of/

Last updated Aug. 22, 2025, 12:55 a.m.

ECF Number Description Date Link Date / Link
1

COMPLAINT against U.S. Department of Agriculture. (Filing Fee $ 405.00, Receipt Number ANYSDC-30661784)Document filed by Environmental Working Group, Natural Resources Defense Council, Northeast Organic Farming Association of New York. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A, # 2 Exhibit B, # 3 Exhibit C, # 4 Exhibit D, # 5 Exhibit E, # 6 Exhibit F, # 7 Exhibit G, # 8 Exhibit H, # 9 Exhibit I, # 10 Exhibit J, # 11 Exhibit K, # 12 Exhibit L, # 13 Exhibit M, # 14 Exhibit N, # 15 Exhibit O, # 16 Exhibit P, # 17 Exhibit Q, # 18 Exhibit R, # 19 Exhibit S, # 20 Exhibit T, # 21 Exhibit U, # 22 Exhibit V, # 23 Exhibit W, # 24 Exhibit X, # 25 Exhibit Y).(Apfel, Carrie) (Entered: 02/24/2025)

1 Exhibit A

View on RECAP

2 Exhibit B

View on RECAP

3 Exhibit C

View on RECAP

4 Exhibit D

View on PACER

5 Exhibit E

View on PACER

6 Exhibit F

View on PACER

7 Exhibit G

View on PACER

8 Exhibit H

View on PACER

9 Exhibit I

View on PACER

10 Exhibit J

View on PACER

11 Exhibit K

View on PACER

12 Exhibit L

View on PACER

13 Exhibit M

View on PACER

14 Exhibit N

View on PACER

15 Exhibit O

View on PACER

16 Exhibit P

View on PACER

17 Exhibit Q

View on PACER

18 Exhibit R

View on PACER

19 Exhibit S

View on PACER

20 Exhibit T

View on PACER

21 Exhibit U

View on PACER

22 Exhibit V

View on PACER

23 Exhibit W

View on PACER

24 Exhibit X

View on PACER

25 Exhibit Y

View on PACER

Feb. 24, 2025

Feb. 24, 2025

Clearinghouse
2

RULE 7.1 CORPORATE DISCLOSURE STATEMENT. Identifying Other Affiliate NOFA-NY Certified Organic, LLC for Northeast Organic Farming Association of New York. Document filed by Northeast Organic Farming Association of New York..(Apfel, Carrie) (Entered: 02/24/2025)

Feb. 24, 2025

Feb. 24, 2025

PACER
3

RULE 7.1 CORPORATE DISCLOSURE STATEMENT. No Corporate Parent. Document filed by Natural Resources Defense Council..(Apfel, Carrie) (Entered: 02/24/2025)

Feb. 24, 2025

Feb. 24, 2025

PACER
4

RULE 7.1 CORPORATE DISCLOSURE STATEMENT. No Corporate Parent. Document filed by Environmental Working Group..(Apfel, Carrie) (Entered: 02/24/2025)

Feb. 24, 2025

Feb. 24, 2025

PACER
5

CIVIL COVER SHEET filed..(Apfel, Carrie) (Entered: 02/24/2025)

Feb. 24, 2025

Feb. 24, 2025

PACER
6

REQUEST FOR ISSUANCE OF SUMMONS as to U.S. Department of Agriculture, re: 1 Complaint,,. Document filed by Northeast Organic Farming Association of New York, Natural Resources Defense Council, Environmental Working Group..(Apfel, Carrie) (Entered: 02/24/2025)

Feb. 24, 2025

Feb. 24, 2025

PACER
7

ELECTRONIC SUMMONS ISSUED as to U.S. Department of Agriculture..(pc) (Entered: 02/25/2025)

Feb. 25, 2025

Feb. 25, 2025

PACER
8

NOTICE OF APPEARANCE by Alexander Abraham Abdo on behalf of Northeast Organic Farming Association of New York, Natural Resources Defense Council, Environmental Working Group..(Abdo, Alexander) (Entered: 02/25/2025)

Feb. 25, 2025

Feb. 25, 2025

RECAP
9

NOTICE OF APPEARANCE by Stephanie Krent on behalf of Northeast Organic Farming Association of New York, Natural Resources Defense Council, Environmental Working Group..(Krent, Stephanie) (Entered: 02/25/2025)

Feb. 25, 2025

Feb. 25, 2025

RECAP

Case Opening Initial Assignment Notice

Feb. 25, 2025

Feb. 25, 2025

PACER

CASE OPENING INITIAL ASSIGNMENT NOTICE: The above-entitled action is assigned to Judge Margaret M. Garnett. Please download and review the Individual Practices of the assigned District Judge, located at https://nysd.uscourts.gov/judges/district-judges. Attorneys are responsible for providing courtesy copies to judges where their Individual Practices require such. Please download and review the ECF Rules and Instructions, located at https://nysd.uscourts.gov/rules/ecf-related-instructions..(pc)

Feb. 25, 2025

Feb. 25, 2025

PACER

Magistrate Judge Sarah Netburn is designated to handle matters that may be referred in this case. Pursuant to 28 U.S.C. Section 636(c) and Fed. R. Civ. P. 73(b)(1) parties are notified that they may consent to proceed before a United States Magistrate Judge. Parties who wish to consent may access the necessary form at the following link: https://nysd.uscourts.gov/sites/default/files/2018-06/AO-3.pdf. (pc)

Feb. 25, 2025

Feb. 25, 2025

PACER

Case Designation

Feb. 25, 2025

Feb. 25, 2025

PACER

Case Designated ECF. (pc)

Feb. 25, 2025

Feb. 25, 2025

PACER

Case Designated ECF

Feb. 25, 2025

Feb. 25, 2025

PACER

Notice to Attorney Regarding Case Opening Statistical Error Correction

Feb. 25, 2025

Feb. 25, 2025

PACER

***NOTICE TO ATTORNEY REGARDING CIVIL. CASE OPENING STATISTICAL ERROR CORRECTION: Notice to attorney Carrie Apfel. The following case opening statistical information was erroneously selected/entered: County code New York;. The following correction(s) have been made to your case entry: the County code has been modified to Broome;. (pc)

Feb. 25, 2025

Feb. 25, 2025

PACER
10

NOTICE OF APPEARANCE by Ilan Stein on behalf of U.S. Department of Agriculture..(Stein, Ilan) (Entered: 02/27/2025)

Feb. 27, 2025

Feb. 27, 2025

RECAP
11

NOTICE OF APPEARANCE by Mark Osmond on behalf of U.S. Department of Agriculture..(Osmond, Mark)

March 6, 2025

March 6, 2025

RECAP
12

NOTICE OF INITIAL PRETRIAL CONFERENCE: Counsel for all parties shall appear for an Initial Pretrial Conference with the Court on April 24, 2025 at 11:30 a.m. The conference will be held in person in Courtroom 906 of the Thurgood Marshall Courthouse, 40 Foley Square, New York, New York 10007. All counsel must familiarize themselves with the Court's Individual Rules & Practices ("Individual Rules"), which are available at https://nysd.uscourts.gov/hon-margaret-m-garnett. All parties are required to register promptly as filing users on ECF. SO ORDERED. (Signed by Judge Margaret M. Garnett on 3/7/2025) Initial Conference set for 4/24/2025 at 11:30 AM in Courtroom 906, 40 Centre Street, New York, NY 10007 before Judge Margaret M. Garnett. (ar) (Entered: 03/07/2025)

March 7, 2025

March 7, 2025

RECAP
13

LETTER addressed to Judge Margaret M. Garnett from Mark Osmond dated 3/7/2025 re: Individual Rules and Practices Regarding Matters in which the United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York Represents a Party. Document filed by U.S. Department of Agriculture..(Osmond, Mark) (Entered: 03/07/2025)

March 7, 2025

March 7, 2025

RECAP
14

NOTICE of Motion for a Preliminary Injunction. Document filed by Environmental Working Group, Natural Resources Defense Council, Northeast Organic Farming Association of New York..(Apfel, Carrie)

March 17, 2025

March 17, 2025

RECAP
15

MOTION for Preliminary Injunction . Document filed by Environmental Working Group, Natural Resources Defense Council, Northeast Organic Farming Association of New York..(Apfel, Carrie)

March 17, 2025

March 17, 2025

Clearinghouse
16

MEMORANDUM OF LAW in Support re: [15] MOTION for Preliminary Injunction . . Document filed by Environmental Working Group, Natural Resources Defense Council, Northeast Organic Farming Association of New York. (Attachments: (1) Exhibit A - Declaration of Marcie Craig, (2) Exhibit B - Declaration of Corinne Hansch, (3) Exhibit C - Declaration of Jeffrey McManus, (4) Exhibit D - Declaration of Garett Rose, (5) Exhibit E - Declaration of Anne Schechinger).(Apfel, Carrie)

1 Exhibit A - Declaration of Marcie Craig

View on RECAP

2 Exhibit B - Declaration of Corinne Hansch

View on RECAP

3 Exhibit C - Declaration of Jeffrey McManus

View on RECAP

4 Exhibit D - Declaration of Garett Rose

View on RECAP

5 Exhibit E - Declaration of Anne Schechinger

View on RECAP

March 17, 2025

March 17, 2025

Clearinghouse
17

PROPOSED ORDER. Document filed by Environmental Working Group, Natural Resources Defense Council, Northeast Organic Farming Association of New York. Related Document Number: [15]..(Apfel, Carrie) Proposed Order to be reviewed by Clerk's Office staff.

March 17, 2025

March 17, 2025

Clearinghouse

NOTICE TO COURT REGARDING PROPOSED ORDER. Document No. 17 Proposed Order was reviewed and approved as to form. (km)

March 18, 2025

March 18, 2025

PACER

***NOTICE TO COURT REGARDING PROPOSED ORDER. Document No. 17 Proposed Order was reviewed and approved as to form. (km)

March 18, 2025

March 18, 2025

PACER
18

SUMMONS RETURNED EXECUTED. U.S. Department of Agriculture served on 3/5/2025, answer due 5/5/2025. Service was made by Mail. Document filed by Environmental Working Group; Natural Resources Defense Council; Northeast Organic Farming Association of New York..(Apfel, Carrie) (Entered: 03/27/2025)

March 27, 2025

March 27, 2025

RECAP
19

SUMMONS RETURNED EXECUTED. All Defendants. Service was made by Mail. Document filed by Environmental Working Group, Natural Resources Defense Council, Northeast Organic Farming Association of New York..(Apfel, Carrie) (Entered: 03/27/2025)

March 27, 2025

March 27, 2025

RECAP
20

SUMMONS RETURNED EXECUTED. All Defendants. Service was made by Mail. Document filed by Environmental Working Group, Natural Resources Defense Council, Northeast Organic Farming Association of New York..(Apfel, Carrie) (Entered: 03/27/2025)

March 27, 2025

March 27, 2025

RECAP
21

MEMORANDUM OF LAW in Opposition re: [15] MOTION for Preliminary Injunction . . Document filed by U.S. Department of Agriculture..(Stein, Ilan)

March 31, 2025

March 31, 2025

Clearinghouse
22

DECLARATION of Brian Mabry in Opposition re: [15] MOTION for Preliminary Injunction .. Document filed by U.S. Department of Agriculture..(Stein, Ilan)

March 31, 2025

March 31, 2025

RECAP
23

NOTICE OF APPEARANCE by Jeffrey Stein on behalf of Environmental Working Group, Natural Resources Defense Council, Northeast Organic Farming Association of New York..(Stein, Jeffrey) (Entered: 04/01/2025)

April 1, 2025

April 1, 2025

RECAP
24

NOTICE OF APPEARANCE by Jackson Thomas Busch on behalf of Environmental Working Group, Natural Resources Defense Council, Northeast Organic Farming Association of New York..(Busch, Jackson)

April 4, 2025

April 4, 2025

RECAP
25

REPLY MEMORANDUM OF LAW in Support re: [15] MOTION for Preliminary Injunction . . Document filed by Environmental Working Group, Natural Resources Defense Council, Northeast Organic Farming Association of New York..(Stein, Jeffrey)

April 7, 2025

April 7, 2025

Clearinghouse
26

LETTER addressed to Judge Margaret M. Garnett from Jeffrey Stein dated April 8, 2025 re: Request for Oral Argument. Document filed by Environmental Working Group, Natural Resources Defense Council, Northeast Organic Farming Association of New York..(Stein, Jeffrey) (Entered: 04/08/2025)

April 8, 2025

April 8, 2025

RECAP
27

JOINT LETTER MOTION to Adjourn Conference addressed to Judge Margaret M. Garnett from Mark Osmond dated 4/15/2025. Document filed by U.S. Department of Agriculture..(Osmond, Mark) (Entered: 04/15/2025)

April 15, 2025

April 15, 2025

RECAP
28

ORDER granting in part and denying in part [27] Letter Motion to Adjourn Conference: The parties' request to adjourn the Initial Pretrial Conference originally scheduled for April 24, 2025 (Dkt. No. 27) is GRANTED. The Conference is hereby ADJOURNED, sine die. Plaintiffs' request for oral argument on their Motion for a Preliminary Injunction (Dkt. No. 26) is also GRANTED. An evidentiary hearing, followed by oral argument, on Plaintiffs' Motion for a Preliminary Injunction (Dkt. No. 15) will take place on May 21, 2025, at 11:00 a.m., in Courtroom 906 of the Thurgood Marshall United States Courthouse, 40 Foley Square, New York, New York 10007. (HEREBY ORDERED by Judge Margaret M. Garnett)(Text Only Order) (Garnett, Margaret)

April 23, 2025

April 23, 2025

PACER
29

NOTICE OF APPEARANCE by Peter Hans Lehner on behalf of Environmental Working Group, Natural Resources Defense Council, Northeast Organic Farming Association of New York..(Lehner, Peter) (Entered: 05/05/2025)

May 5, 2025

May 5, 2025

RECAP
30

LETTER MOTION to Adjourn Conference addressed to Judge Margaret M. Garnett from Ilan Stein dated May 12, 2025. Document filed by U.S. Department of Agriculture..(Stein, Ilan) (Entered: 05/12/2025)

May 12, 2025

May 12, 2025

RECAP
31

ORDER granting 30 Letter Motion to Adjourn Conference. GRANTED. The evidentiary hearing and oral argument scheduled for May 21 is hereby ADJOURNED sine die. The parties shall submit a joint status report by June 11, 2025. SO ORDERED. (Signed by Judge Margaret M. Garnett on 5/13/2025) (mml) (Entered: 05/13/2025)

May 13, 2025

May 13, 2025

RECAP
32

STATUS REPORT. Joint Document filed by U.S. Department of Agriculture..(Osmond, Mark) (Entered: 06/11/2025)

June 11, 2025

June 11, 2025

RECAP
33

MEMO ENDORSEMENT on re: 32 Status Report filed by U.S. Department of Agriculture ENDORSEMENT: The parties are ORDERED to submit a joint status report by July 2, 2025. SO ORDERED. (Signed by Judge Margaret M. Garnett on 6/16/2025) (jca) (Entered: 06/16/2025)

June 16, 2025

June 16, 2025

RECAP
34

STATUS REPORT. Document filed by U.S. Department of Agriculture..(Stein, Ilan) (Entered: 07/02/2025)

July 2, 2025

July 2, 2025

RECAP
35

MEMO ENDORSEMENT on re: 34 Status Report filed by U.S. Department of Agriculture. ENDORSEMENT: The Court appreciates the update, and the efforts by all parties to resolve this matter. The parties are ORDERED to submit a further joint status report by August 1, 2025. SO ORDERED. (Signed by Judge Margaret M. Garnett on 7/7/2025) (tg) (Entered: 07/07/2025)

July 7, 2025

July 7, 2025

RECAP
36

STATUS REPORT. Joint Document filed by Environmental Working Group, Natural Resources Defense Council, Northeast Organic Farming Association of New York..(Stein, Jeffrey)

Aug. 1, 2025

Aug. 1, 2025

RECAP
37

MEMO ENDORSEMENT on re: [36] Status Report filed by Northeast Organic Farming Association of New York, Natural Resources Defense Council, Environmental Working Group. ENDORSEMENT: The Court appreciates the continued efforts by all parties to resolve this matter. The parties are ORDERED to submit a further joint status report by September 2, 2025. SO ORDERED. (Signed by Judge Margaret M. Garnett on 8/6/2025) (mml)

Aug. 6, 2025

Aug. 6, 2025

RECAP

Case Details

State / Territory: New York

Case Type(s):

Presidential/Gubernatorial Authority

Special Collection(s):

Trump Administration 2.0: Challenges to the Government

Trump Administration 2.0: Challenges to the Government (Data Access and/or Takedowns)

Trump Administration 2.0: Challenges to the Government (Environmental Protections)

Key Dates

Filing Date: Feb. 24, 2025

Case Ongoing: Yes

Plaintiffs

Plaintiff Description:

Nonprofit organization of farmers, gardeners, and consumers, as well as nonprofit organizations focused on environmental research and protection.

Attorney Organizations:

Earthjustice

Public Interest Lawyer: Yes

Filed Pro Se: No

Class Action Sought: No

Class Action Outcome: Not sought

Defendants

United States Department of Agriculture (Washington, D.C., District of Columbia), Federal

Defendant Type(s):

Jurisdiction-wide

Facility Type(s):

Government-run

Case Details

Causes of Action:

Administrative Procedure Act, 5 U.S.C. §§ 551 et seq.

FOIA (Freedom of Information Act), 5 U.S.C. § 552

Available Documents:

Trial Court Docket

Complaint (any)

Outcome

Prevailing Party: None Yet / None

Nature of Relief:

None yet

Source of Relief:

None yet

Issues

Presidential/Gubernatorial Authority:

Access to information systems