Case: State of New Jersey v. Bondi

1:25-cv-01807 | U.S. District Court for the District of Maryland

Filed Date: June 9, 2025

Case Ongoing

Clearinghouse coding complete

Case Summary

This case is about whether the federal government’s reversal of its enforcement policy on forced-reset triggers (FRTs), a type of firearm component previously classified as an illegal machine gun, violates federal administrative law. On June 9, 2025, fifteen states and the District of Columbia filed this lawsuit in the United States District Court for the District of Maryland. Under the Administrative Procedure Act, the plaintiffs sued the U.S. Department of Justice, the Attorney General, the B…

This case is about whether the federal government’s reversal of its enforcement policy on forced-reset triggers (FRTs), a type of firearm component previously classified as an illegal machine gun, violates federal administrative law. On June 9, 2025, fifteen states and the District of Columbia filed this lawsuit in the United States District Court for the District of Maryland. Under the Administrative Procedure Act, the plaintiffs sued the U.S. Department of Justice, the Attorney General, the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF), the ATF Director, Rare Breed Triggers Inc., and several other private pro-gun advocacy organizations and individuals. The case was assigned to Judge Paula Xinis.

The plaintiffs alleged that the federal government’s actions violated the Administrative Procedure Act because they lacked reasoned analysis, failed to consider the serious safety risks posed by FRTs, and were implemented without the notice-and-comment process required for substantive policy changes. They further argued that this shift in enforcement policy undermined efforts to prevent gun violence and unlawfully abdicated the federal government’s statutory duties under the Gun Control Act and National Firearms Act.

The plaintiffs sought a declaration that the federal government’s non-enforcement policy on FRTs was unlawful, an order vacating the new policy, and injunctive relief compelling the government to resume enforcement of federal firearms law against FRTs. On the same day the complaint was filed, the plaintiffs also filed a motion for a preliminary injunction to block the return or distribution of FRTs while the case proceeded.

On July 7, 2025, the plaintiffs filed an amended complaint, expanding on their initial arguments. They criticized the settlement agreement between ATF and Rare Breed Triggers Inc., through which ATF allegedly reversed its FRT policy, allowing thousands of these components into communities. The amended complaint emphasized that ATF’s actions would facilitate violations of state laws by returning FRTs to areas where they are illegal. Plaintiffs also detailed public safety risks and financial burdens linked to gun violence, citing statistics on youth fatalities and machine gun conversion device (MCD) proliferation.

On July 11, 2025, the plaintiffs withdrew their motion for a preliminary injunction. This filing followed a hearing on July 9, 2025, and declarations from the federal government and nonfederal defendants, submitted as attachments to their opposition briefs, in which they stated that they would not return or sell FRTs into any state where such devices are illegal. Specifically, the government committed not to return FRTs to California, Colorado, Delaware, the District of Columbia, Hawaii, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Nevada, New Jersey, Oregon, Rhode Island, and Washington. Rare Breed Triggers Inc. also pledged not to sell or distribute FRTs, directly or indirectly, into any of the plaintiff states. Vermont and Maine were excluded from these restrictions because FRTs remain legal under their state laws. The withdrawal of the motion occurred after Judge Xinis indicated earlier that week that she was unlikely to find that the states had standing to sue, given the federal government's stipulation and a lack of evidence that third parties would illegally sell the devices into those states. 

On July 24, 2025, the plaintiffs and the non-federal defendants jointly filed a stipulation to dismiss the claims against the non-federal defendants, including Rare Breed Triggers and other individual and organizational parties, without prejudice. Judge Xinis granted the stipulation on July 29.

This case is ongoing. 

Summary Authors

Victoria Tan (8/6/2025)

People

For PACER's information on parties and their attorneys, see: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/70492484/parties/state-of-new-jersey-v-bondi/


Judge(s)
Attorney for Plaintiff

Aaronson, Jennifer-Kate (Maryland)

Baumann, Peter G. (Maryland)

Bear, Adam R. (Maryland)

California, State of (Maryland)

Attorney for Defendant

Bailey, John (Maryland)

Expert/Monitor/Master/Other

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Documents in the Clearinghouse

Document
2

1:25-cv-01807

Complaint for Declaratory and Injunctive Relief

June 9, 2025

June 9, 2025

Complaint
5-1

1:25-cv-01807

Memorandum of Law in Support of Plaintiffs' Motion for a Preliminary Injunction

June 10, 2025

June 10, 2025

Pleading / Motion / Brief
86

1:25-cv-01807

Amended Complaint for Declaratory and Injunctive Relief

July 7, 2025

July 7, 2025

Complaint
93

1:25-cv-01807

Notice of Withdrawal of Motion for Preliminary Injunction

July 11, 2025

July 11, 2025

Pleading / Motion / Brief

Resources

Docket

See docket on RECAP: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/70492484/state-of-new-jersey-v-bondi/

Last updated Aug. 21, 2025, 2:33 p.m.

ECF Number Description Date Link Date / Link
1

[FILED IN ERROR per Atty - WRONG DOCUMENT] COMPLAINT against All Defendants ( Filing fee $ 405 receipt number AMDDC-12028439.), filed by State of Minnesota, State of Illinois, State of Maryland, State of New Jersey, State of Washington, State of Oregon, State of Hawaii, State of Delaware, Commonwealth of Massachusetts,, State of Nevada, State of Rhode Island, State of Vermont, State of Maine, State of Colorado, People of the State of Michigan, District Of Columbia. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A, # 2 Civil Cover Sheet, # 3 Summons, # 4 Summons, # 5 Summons, # 6 Summons, # 7 Summons, # 8 Summons, # 9 Summons, # 10 Summons, # 11 Summons, # 12 Summons, # 13 Summons, # 14 Summons, # 15 Summons, # 16 Summons)(Williamson, Virginia) Modified on 6/9/2025 (kk5s). (Entered: 06/09/2025)

1 Exhibit A

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2 Civil Cover Sheet

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3 Summons

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4 Summons

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5 Summons

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6 Summons

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7 Summons

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8 Summons

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9 Summons

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10 Summons

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11 Summons

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12 Summons

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13 Summons

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14 Summons

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15 Summons

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16 Summons

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June 9, 2025

June 9, 2025

RECAP
2

COMPLAINT against All Defendants, filed by State of Minnesota, State of Illinois, State of Maryland, State of New Jersey, State of Washington, State of Oregon, State of Hawaii, State of Delaware, Commonwealth of Massachusetts,, State of Nevada, State of Rhode Island, State of Vermont, State of Maine, State of Colorado, People of the State of Michigan, District Of Columbia. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A, # 2 Civil Cover Sheet, # 3 Summons, # 4 Summons, # 5 Summons, # 6 Summons, # 7 Summons, # 8 Summons, # 9 Summons, # 10 Summons, # 11 Summons, # 12 Summons, # 13 Summons, # 14 Summons, # 15 Summons, # 16 Summons)(Williamson, Virginia) (Entered: 06/09/2025)

1 Exhibit A

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2 Civil Cover Sheet

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3 Summons

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4 Summons

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5 Summons

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6 Summons

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7 Summons

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8 Summons

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9 Summons

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10 Summons

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11 Summons

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12 Summons

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13 Summons

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14 Summons

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15 Summons

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16 Summons

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June 9, 2025

June 9, 2025

Clearinghouse
3

NOTICE of Appearance by Keith Michael Jamieson on behalf of State of Maryland (Jamieson, Keith) (Entered: 06/09/2025)

June 9, 2025

June 9, 2025

PACER
4

Summons Issued 60 days as to Defendants, U.S. Attorney and U.S. Attorney General(kk5s, Deputy Clerk) (Entered: 06/10/2025)

June 10, 2025

June 10, 2025

PACER
5

MOTION for Preliminary Injunction by Commonwealth of Massachusetts, District of Columbia, People of the State of Michigan, State of Colorado, State of Delaware, State of Hawai'i, State of Illinois, State of Maine, State of Maryland, State of Minnesota, State of Nevada, State of New Jersey, State of Oregon, State of Rhode Island, State of Vermont, State of Washington (Attachments: # 1 Memorandum in Support, # 2 Text of Proposed Order, # 3 Exhibit List, # 4 Exhibit 1 - Barlow Decl., # 5 Exhibit 2 - Saier Decl., # 6 Exhibit 3 - Quinlan Decl., # 7 Exhibit 4 - Varisco Decl., # 8 Exhibit 5 - Rodriguez Decl., # 9 Exhibit 6 - Harrell Decl., # 10 Exhibit 7 - Nov. 14, 1975 ATF Evaluation, # 11 Exhibit 8 - Apr. 4, 1994 ATF Evaluation, # 12 Exhibit 9 - Sept. 16, 2004 ATF Evaluation, # 13 Exhibit 10 - May 2, 2005 ATF Evaluation, # 14 Exhibit 11 - Apr. 27, 2006 ATF Evaluation, # 15 Exhibit 12 - July 21, 2017 ATF Evaluation, # 16 Exhibit 13 - May 13, 2025 Settlement Agreement, # 17 Exhibit 14 - ATF Report on FRT-15, # 18 Exhibit 15 - ATF Report on WOT, # 19 Exhibit 16 - Koneschusky Decl., # 20 Exhibit 17 - Aug. 28, 2018 ATF Evaluation, # 21 Exhibit 18 - Report to Special Agent Michael T. Nuttall, # 22 Exhibit 19 - October 2, 2023 Evidentiary Hearing, # 23 Exhibit 20 - Hilkey Decl., # 24 Exhibit 21 - Kelly Decl., # 25 Exhibit 22 - Pauliukonis Decl., # 26 Exhibit 23 - Chappell Decl., # 27 Exhibit 24 - Lyon-Callo Decl., # 28 Exhibit 25 - Cook Decl., # 29 Exhibit 26 - Troiano Decl., # 30 Exhibit 27 - Cole-Tindall Decl., # 31 Exhibit 28 - Rivara Decl., # 32 Exhibit 29 - ATF Website on Returns as of June 9, 2025)(Jamieson, Keith) (Entered: 06/10/2025)

1 Memorandum in Support

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2 Text of Proposed Order

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3 Exhibit List

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4 Exhibit 1 - Barlow Decl.

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5 Exhibit 2 - Saier Decl.

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6 Exhibit 3 - Quinlan Decl.

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7 Exhibit 4 - Varisco Decl.

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8 Exhibit 5 - Rodriguez Decl.

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9 Exhibit 6 - Harrell Decl.

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10 Exhibit 7 - Nov. 14, 1975 ATF Evaluation

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11 Exhibit 8 - Apr. 4, 1994 ATF Evaluation

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12 Exhibit 9 - Sept. 16, 2004 ATF Evaluation

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13 Exhibit 10 - May 2, 2005 ATF Evaluation

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14 Exhibit 11 - Apr. 27, 2006 ATF Evaluation

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15 Exhibit 12 - July 21, 2017 ATF Evaluation

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16 Exhibit 13 - May 13, 2025 Settlement Agreement

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17 Exhibit 14 - ATF Report on FRT-15

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18 Exhibit 15 - ATF Report on WOT

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19 Exhibit 16 - Koneschusky Decl.

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20 Exhibit 17 - Aug. 28, 2018 ATF Evaluation

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21 Exhibit 18 - Report to Special Agent Michael T. Nuttall

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22 Exhibit 19 - October 2, 2023 Evidentiary Hearing

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23 Exhibit 20 - Hilkey Decl.

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24 Exhibit 21 - Kelly Decl.

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25 Exhibit 22 - Pauliukonis Decl.

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26 Exhibit 23 - Chappell Decl.

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27 Exhibit 24 - Lyon-Callo Decl.

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28 Exhibit 25 - Cook Decl.

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29 Exhibit 26 - Troiano Decl.

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30 Exhibit 27 - Cole-Tindall Decl.

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31 Exhibit 28 - Rivara Decl.

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32 Exhibit 29 - ATF Website on Returns as of June 9, 2025

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June 10, 2025

June 10, 2025

RECAP
6

CERTIFICATE of Counsel re 5 MOTION for Preliminary Injunction Certification of Notice to Defendants by Keith Michael Jamieson on behalf of All Plaintiffs (Jamieson, Keith) (Entered: 06/10/2025)

June 10, 2025

June 10, 2025

PACER
7

PAPERLESS ORDER: A recorded scheduling conference is set for Tuesday, June 17, 2025, at 1:00 PM. Dial-in instructions will be emailed to the parties. By that time, any counsel intending to appear must enter a notice of appearance. Defendants are advised that, under Local Rule 101.1, parties other than individuals must be represented by counsel. Individual defendants who do not retain counsel must proceed pro se. Signed by Judge Paula Xinis on 6/11/2025. (kk5s, Deputy Clerk) (Entered: 06/11/2025)

June 11, 2025

June 11, 2025

PACER
8

Summons Reissued as to Lawrence Demonico. (Clerk's error on summons issued 6/10/2025)(kk5s, Deputy Clerk) (Entered: 06/12/2025)

June 12, 2025

June 12, 2025

PACER
8

Summons Reissued as to Lawrence Demonico. (Clerk's error on summons issued 6/10/2025)(kk5s, Deputy Clerk) (Entered: 06/12/2025)

June 12, 2025

June 12, 2025

PACER
10

MOTION to Appear Pro Hac Vice for Jeremy M. Feigenbaum (Filing fee $100, receipt number AMDDC-12043258.) by State of New Jersey(Duraiswamy, Shankar) (Entered: 06/13/2025)

June 13, 2025

June 13, 2025

PACER
11

MOTION to Appear Pro Hac Vice for Christopher Ioannou (Filing fee $100, receipt number AMDDC-12043293.) by State of New Jersey(Duraiswamy, Shankar) (Entered: 06/13/2025)

June 13, 2025

June 13, 2025

PACER
12

MOTION to Appear Pro Hac Vice for Nathaniel Rubin (Filing fee $100, receipt number AMDDC-12043305.) by State of New Jersey(Duraiswamy, Shankar) (Entered: 06/13/2025)

June 13, 2025

June 13, 2025

PACER
13

MOTION to Appear Pro Hac Vice for Max G. Lesser (Filing fee $100, receipt number AMDDC-12043332.) by State of New Jersey(Duraiswamy, Shankar) (Entered: 06/13/2025)

June 13, 2025

June 13, 2025

PACER
14

MOTION to Appear Pro Hac Vice for Marie Cepeda Mekosh (Filing fee $100, receipt number AMDDC-12043343.) by State of New Jersey(Duraiswamy, Shankar) (Entered: 06/13/2025)

June 13, 2025

June 13, 2025

PACER
15

MOTION to Appear Pro Hac Vice for Amanda McElfresh (Filing fee $100, receipt number AMDDC-12043352.) by State of New Jersey(Duraiswamy, Shankar) (Entered: 06/13/2025)

June 13, 2025

June 13, 2025

PACER
9

NOTICE of Appearance by Shankar Duraiswamy on behalf of State of New Jersey (Duraiswamy, Shankar) (Entered: 06/13/2025)

June 13, 2025

June 13, 2025

PACER
16

NOTICE of Appearance by John Bailey on behalf of Pamela Bondi, Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, Daniel Driscoll, U.S. Department of Justice (Bailey, John) (Entered: 06/16/2025)

June 16, 2025

June 16, 2025

PACER
17

NOTICE of Appearance by Michael Velchik on behalf of Pamela Bondi, Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, Daniel Driscoll, U.S. Department of Justice (Velchik, Michael) (Entered: 06/16/2025)

June 16, 2025

June 16, 2025

PACER
18

PAPERLESS ORDER granting 10 Motion to Appear Pro Hac Vice on behalf of Jeremy M. Feigenbaum. Directing attorney Jeremy M. Feigenbaum to register for pro hac vice filing in the District of Maryland through PACER at https://pacer.uscourts.gov/ if attorney has not already done so. The Pro Hac Vice option must be selected when registering. Signed by Clerk on 6/17/2025. (mh4s, Deputy Clerk) (Entered: 06/17/2025)

June 17, 2025

June 17, 2025

PACER
19

PAPERLESS ORDER granting 11 Motion to Appear Pro Hac Vice on behalf of Christopher Ioannou. Directing attorney Christopher Ioannou to register for pro hac vice filing in the District of Maryland through PACER at https://pacer.uscourts.gov/ if attorney has not already done so. The Pro Hac Vice option must be selected when registering. Signed by Clerk on 6/17/2025. (mh4s, Deputy Clerk) (Entered: 06/17/2025)

June 17, 2025

June 17, 2025

PACER
20

PAPERLESS ORDER granting 12 Motion to Appear Pro Hac Vice on behalf of Nathaniel Rubin. Directing attorney Nathaniel Rubin to register for pro hac vice filing in the District of Maryland through PACER at https://pacer.uscourts.gov/ if attorney has not already done so. The Pro Hac Vice option must be selected when registering. Signed by Clerk on 6/17/2025. (mh4s, Deputy Clerk) (Entered: 06/17/2025)

June 17, 2025

June 17, 2025

PACER
21

PAPERLESS ORDER granting 13 Motion to Appear Pro Hac Vice on behalf of Max G. Lesser. Directing attorney Max G. Lesser to register for pro hac vice filing in the District of Maryland through PACER at https://pacer.uscourts.gov/ if attorney has not already done so. The Pro Hac Vice option must be selected when registering. Signed by Clerk on 6/17/2025. (mh4s, Deputy Clerk) (Entered: 06/17/2025)

June 17, 2025

June 17, 2025

PACER
22

PAPERLESS ORDER granting 14 Motion to Appear Pro Hac Vice on behalf of Marie Cepeda Mekosh. Directing attorney Marie Cepeda Mekosh to register for pro hac vice filing in the District of Maryland through PACER at https://pacer.uscourts.gov/ if attorney has not already done so. The Pro Hac Vice option must be selected when registering. Signed by Clerk on 6/17/2025. (mh4s, Deputy Clerk) (Entered: 06/17/2025)

June 17, 2025

June 17, 2025

PACER
23

PAPERLESS ORDER granting 15 Motion to Appear Pro Hac Vice on behalf of Amanda McElfresh. Directing attorney Amanda McElfresh to register for pro hac vice filing in the District of Maryland through PACER at https://pacer.uscourts.gov/ if attorney has not already done so. The Pro Hac Vice option must be selected when registering. Signed by Clerk on 6/17/2025. (mh4s, Deputy Clerk) (Entered: 06/17/2025)

June 17, 2025

June 17, 2025

PACER
24

NOTICE of Appearance by Jonathan Mark Shaw on behalf of Lawrence Demonico, Kevin Maxwell, National Association of Gun Rights, Inc., Rare Breed Firearms, LLC, Rare Breed Triggers, LLC (Shaw, Jonathan) (Entered: 06/17/2025)

June 17, 2025

June 17, 2025

RECAP
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Local Rule 103.3 Disclosure Statement by National Association of Gun Rights, Inc. identifying Party with Financial Interest National Association for Gun Rights for National Association of Gun Rights, Inc..(Shaw, Jonathan) (Entered: 06/17/2025)

June 17, 2025

June 17, 2025

PACER
26

Local Rule 103.3 Disclosure Statement by Rare Breed Triggers, LLC identifying Party with Financial Interest Rare Breed Triggers, LLC for Rare Breed Triggers, LLC.(Shaw, Jonathan) (Entered: 06/17/2025)

June 17, 2025

June 17, 2025

PACER
27

Local Rule 103.3 Disclosure Statement by Rare Breed Firearms, LLC identifying Party with Financial Interest Rare Breed Firearms, LLC for Rare Breed Firearms, LLC.(Shaw, Jonathan) (Entered: 06/17/2025)

June 17, 2025

June 17, 2025

PACER
28

Telephone Scheduling Conference held on 6/17/2025 before Judge Paula Xinis.(FTR - Derro - 2C) (tds, Deputy Clerk) (Entered: 06/17/2025)

June 17, 2025

June 17, 2025

PACER
29

Amicus Curiae APPEARANCE entered by Erin C. Davis on behalf of Brady Center to Prevent Gun Violence, Giffords Law Center to Prevent Gun Violence, Everytown for Gun Safety Support Fund(Davis, Erin) (Entered: 06/17/2025)

June 17, 2025

June 17, 2025

PACER
30

Local Rule 103.3 Disclosure Statement by Brady Center to Prevent Gun Violence (Davis, Erin) (Entered: 06/17/2025)

June 17, 2025

June 17, 2025

PACER
31

Local Rule 103.3 Disclosure Statement by Giffords Law Center to Prevent Gun Violence (Davis, Erin) (Entered: 06/17/2025)

June 17, 2025

June 17, 2025

PACER
32

Local Rule 103.3 Disclosure Statement by Everytown for Gun Safety Support Fund (Davis, Erin) (Entered: 06/17/2025)

June 17, 2025

June 17, 2025

PACER
33

MOTION for Leave to File an Amicus Brief in Support of Plaintiffs' Motion for a Preliminary Injunction by Brady Center to Prevent Gun Violence, Everytown for Gun Safety Support Fund, Giffords Law Center to Prevent Gun Violence (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Amicus Brief, # 2 Text of Proposed Order)(Davis, Erin) (Entered: 06/17/2025)

June 17, 2025

June 17, 2025

PACER
34

MOTION to Appear Pro Hac Vice for Jennifer B. Loeb (Filing fee $100, receipt number AMDDC-12049525.) by Brady Center to Prevent Gun Violence, Everytown for Gun Safety Support Fund, Giffords Law Center to Prevent Gun Violence(Davis, Erin) (Entered: 06/17/2025)

June 17, 2025

June 17, 2025

PACER
35

MOTION to Appear Pro Hac Vice for Austin R. Evers (Filing fee $100, receipt number AMDDC-12049528.) by Brady Center to Prevent Gun Violence, Everytown for Gun Safety Support Fund, Giffords Law Center to Prevent Gun Violence(Davis, Erin) (Entered: 06/17/2025)

June 17, 2025

June 17, 2025

PACER
36

MOTION to Appear Pro Hac Vice for Brandt Henslee (Filing fee $100, receipt number AMDDC-12049529.) by Brady Center to Prevent Gun Violence, Everytown for Gun Safety Support Fund, Giffords Law Center to Prevent Gun Violence(Davis, Erin) (Entered: 06/17/2025)

June 17, 2025

June 17, 2025

PACER
37

MOTION to Appear Pro Hac Vice for Daniel Hodgkinson (Filing fee $100, receipt number AMDDC-12049530.) by Brady Center to Prevent Gun Violence, Everytown for Gun Safety Support Fund, Giffords Law Center to Prevent Gun Violence(Davis, Erin) (Entered: 06/17/2025)

June 17, 2025

June 17, 2025

PACER
38

MOTION to Appear Pro Hac Vice for Taylor Jachman (Filing fee $100, receipt number AMDDC-12049533.) by Brady Center to Prevent Gun Violence, Everytown for Gun Safety Support Fund, Giffords Law Center to Prevent Gun Violence(Davis, Erin) (Entered: 06/17/2025)

June 17, 2025

June 17, 2025

PACER
39

ORDER setting a briefing schedule and hearing on Plaintiffs' Motion for Preliminary Injunction. Signed by Judge Paula Xinis on 6/17/2025. (kk5s, Deputy Clerk) (Entered: 06/18/2025)

June 17, 2025

June 17, 2025

RECAP
40

CORRECTED ORDER setting a briefing schedule and hearing on Plaintiffs' Motion for Preliminary Injunction. Signed by Judge Paula Xinis on 6/18/2025. (kk5s, Deputy Clerk) Modified on 6/18/2025 (jf3s). (Entered: 06/18/2025)

June 18, 2025

June 18, 2025

RECAP
41

PAPERLESS ORDER: Brady Center to Prevent Gun Violence, Everytown for Gun Safety Support Fund, and Giffords Law Center to Prevent Gun Violence's Motion for Leave to File an Amicus Brief in Support of Plaintiffs' Motion for a Preliminary Injunction is GRANTED. The accompanying amicus brief (ECF No. 33-1) is deemed FILED.. Signed by Judge Paula Xinis on 6/18/2025. (kk5s, Deputy Clerk) (Entered: 06/18/2025)

June 18, 2025

June 18, 2025

PACER
42

PAPERLESS ORDER granting 34 Motion to Appear Pro Hac Vice on behalf of Jennifer B. Loeb. Directing attorney Jennifer B. Loeb to register for pro hac vice filing in the District of Maryland through PACER at https://pacer.uscourts.gov/ if attorney has not already done so. The Pro Hac Vice option must be selected when registering. Signed by Clerk on 6/20/2025. (mh4s, Deputy Clerk) (Entered: 06/20/2025)

June 20, 2025

June 20, 2025

PACER
43

PAPERLESS ORDER granting 35 Motion to Appear Pro Hac Vice on behalf of Austin R. Evers. Directing attorney Austin R. Evers to register for pro hac vice filing in the District of Maryland through PACER at https://pacer.uscourts.gov/ if attorney has not already done so. The Pro Hac Vice option must be selected when registering. Signed by Clerk on 6/20/2025. (mh4s, Deputy Clerk) (Entered: 06/20/2025)

June 20, 2025

June 20, 2025

PACER
44

PAPERLESS ORDER granting 36 Motion to Appear Pro Hac Vice on behalf of Brandt Henslee. Directing attorney Brandt Henslee to register for pro hac vice filing in the District of Maryland through PACER at https://pacer.uscourts.gov/ if attorney has not already done so. The Pro Hac Vice option must be selected when registering. Signed by Clerk on 6/20/2025. (mh4s, Deputy Clerk) (Entered: 06/20/2025)

June 20, 2025

June 20, 2025

PACER
45

PAPERLESS ORDER granting 37 Motion to Appear Pro Hac Vice on behalf of Daniel Hodgkinson. Directing attorney Daniel Hodgkinson to register for pro hac vice filing in the District of Maryland through PACER at https://pacer.uscourts.gov/ if attorney has not already done so. The Pro Hac Vice option must be selected when registering. Signed by Clerk on 6/20/2025. (mh4s, Deputy Clerk) (Entered: 06/20/2025)

June 20, 2025

June 20, 2025

PACER
46

MOTION to Amend/Correct Misnomer (Unopposed) by Commonwealth of Massachusetts, District of Columbia, People of the State of Michigan, State of Colorado, State of Delaware, State of Hawai'i, State of Illinois, State of Maine, State of Maryland, State of Minnesota, State of Nevada, State of New Jersey, State of Oregon, State of Rhode Island, State of Vermont, State of Washington (Attachments: # 1 Text of Proposed Order)(Williamson, Virginia) (Entered: 06/20/2025)

June 20, 2025

June 20, 2025

PACER
47

PAPERLESS ORDER granting 38 Motion to Appear Pro Hac Vice on behalf of Taylor Jachman. Directing attorney Taylor Jachman to register for pro hac vice filing in the District of Maryland through PACER at https://pacer.uscourts.gov/ if attorney has not already done so. The Pro Hac Vice option must be selected when registering. Signed by Clerk on 6/20/2025. (mh4s, Deputy Clerk) (Entered: 06/20/2025)

June 20, 2025

June 20, 2025

PACER
48

MOTION to Appear Pro Hac Vice for Peter G. Baumann (Filing fee $100, receipt number AMDDC-12065652.) by State of Colorado(Williamson, Virginia) (Entered: 06/26/2025)

June 26, 2025

June 26, 2025

PACER
49

MOTION to Appear Pro Hac Vice for Shannon Stevenson (Filing fee $100, receipt number AMDDC-12065681.) by State of Colorado(Williamson, Virginia) (Entered: 06/26/2025)

June 26, 2025

June 26, 2025

PACER
50

MOTION to Appear Pro Hac Vice for Jennifer-Kate Aaronson (Filing fee $100, receipt number AMDDC-12065694.) by State of Delaware(Williamson, Virginia) (Entered: 06/26/2025)

June 26, 2025

June 26, 2025

PACER
51

MOTION to Appear Pro Hac Vice for Vanessa L. Kassab (Filing fee $100, receipt number AMDDC-12065717.) by State of Delaware(Williamson, Virginia) (Entered: 06/26/2025)

June 26, 2025

June 26, 2025

PACER
52

MOTION to Appear Pro Hac Vice for Ian Liston (Filing fee $100, receipt number AMDDC-12065735.) by State of Delaware(Williamson, Virginia) (Entered: 06/26/2025)

June 26, 2025

June 26, 2025

PACER
53

MOTION to Appear Pro Hac Vice for David D. Day (Filing fee $100, receipt number AMDDC-12065755.) by State of Hawai'i(Williamson, Virginia) (Entered: 06/26/2025)

June 26, 2025

June 26, 2025

PACER
54

MOTION to Appear Pro Hac Vice for Kaliko'onalani D. Fernandes (Filing fee $100, receipt number AMDDC-12065768.) by State of Hawai'i(Williamson, Virginia) (Entered: 06/26/2025)

June 26, 2025

June 26, 2025

PACER
55

MOTION to Appear Pro Hac Vice for Cara Hendrickson (Filing fee $100, receipt number AMDDC-12065783.) by State of Illinois(Williamson, Virginia) (Entered: 06/26/2025)

June 26, 2025

June 26, 2025

PACER
56

MOTION to Appear Pro Hac Vice for Michael M. Tresnowski (Filing fee $100, receipt number AMDDC-12065815.) by State of Illinois(Williamson, Virginia) (Entered: 06/26/2025)

June 26, 2025

June 26, 2025

PACER
57

MOTION to Appear Pro Hac Vice for Heidi Parry Stern (Filing fee $100, receipt number AMDDC-12065839.) by State of Nevada(Williamson, Virginia) (Entered: 06/26/2025)

June 26, 2025

June 26, 2025

PACER
58

NOTICE of Appearance by Heidi Parry Stern on behalf of State of Nevada (Stern, Heidi) (Entered: 06/26/2025)

June 26, 2025

June 26, 2025

PACER
59

MOTION to Appear Pro Hac Vice for Stephen N. Provazza (Filing fee $100, receipt number AMDDC-12067714.) by State of Rhode Island(Williamson, Virginia) (Entered: 06/27/2025)

June 27, 2025

June 27, 2025

PACER
60

MOTION to Appear Pro Hac Vice for Jonathan Rose (Filing fee $100, receipt number AMDDC-12067749.) by State of Vermont(Williamson, Virginia) (Entered: 06/27/2025)

June 27, 2025

June 27, 2025

PACER
61

MOTION to Appear Pro Hac Vice for Andrew RW Hughes (Filing fee $100, receipt number AMDDC-12067784.) by State of Washington(Williamson, Virginia) (Entered: 06/27/2025)

June 27, 2025

June 27, 2025

PACER
62

MOTION to Appear Pro Hac Vice for William McGinty (Filing fee $100, receipt number AMDDC-12067843.) by State of Washington(Williamson, Virginia) (Entered: 06/27/2025)

June 27, 2025

June 27, 2025

PACER
63

ORDER granting 46 MOTION to Amend/Correct Misnomer (Unopposed). Signed by Judge Paula Xinis on 6/27/2025. (kb3s, Deputy Clerk) (Entered: 06/27/2025)

June 27, 2025

June 27, 2025

PACER
64

RESPONSE in Opposition re 5 MOTION for Preliminary Injunction filed by Pamela Bondi, Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, Daniel Driscoll, U.S. Department of Justice. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit 1 - Varisco Decl., # 2 Text of Proposed Order)(Bailey, John) (Entered: 06/27/2025)

1 Exhibit 1 - Varisco Decl.

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2 Text of Proposed Order

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June 27, 2025

June 27, 2025

RECAP
65

RESPONSE to Motion re 5 MOTION for Preliminary Injunction filed by Lawrence Demonico, Kevin Maxwell, National Association of Gun Rights, Inc., Rare Breed Firearms, LLC, Rare Breed Triggers, LLC, Texas Gun Rights, Inc.. (Attachments: # 1 DECLARATION OF LAWRENCE A. DeMONICO, # 2 DECLARATION OF JONATHAN M. SHAW, # 3 Exhibit A, # 4 Exhibit B, # 5 Exhibit C, # 6 Exhibit D)(Shaw, Jonathan) (Entered: 06/27/2025)

1 DECLARATION OF LAWRENCE A. DeMONICO

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2 DECLARATION OF JONATHAN M. SHAW

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3 Exhibit A

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4 Exhibit B

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5 Exhibit C

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6 Exhibit D

View on PACER

June 27, 2025

June 27, 2025

Clearinghouse
66

PAPERLESS ORDER: The Motions Hearing set for July 8, 2025 has been RESCHEDULED to July 9, 2025 at 2:00 p.m. Signed by Judge Paula Xinis on 6/30/2025. (tb2s, Chambers) (Entered: 06/30/2025)

June 30, 2025

June 30, 2025

PACER
67

NOTICE by Lawrence Demonico, Kevin Maxwell, National Association of Gun Rights, Inc., Rare Breed Firearms, LLC, Rare Breed Triggers, LLC, Texas Gun Rights, Inc. re 65 Response to Motion, (Shaw, Jonathan) (Entered: 06/30/2025)

June 30, 2025

June 30, 2025

PACER
68

MOTION to Appear Pro Hac Vice for Katherine Dirks (Filing fee $100, receipt number AMDDC-12071600.) by Commonwealth of Massachusetts(Williamson, Virginia) (Entered: 06/30/2025)

June 30, 2025

June 30, 2025

PACER
69

NOTICE of Appearance by Jonathan T Rose on behalf of State of Vermont (Rose, Jonathan) (Entered: 07/01/2025)

July 1, 2025

July 1, 2025

PACER
70

Consent MOTION for Leave to File Excess Pages by Commonwealth of Massachusetts, District of Columbia, People of the State of Michigan, State of Colorado, State of Delaware, State of Hawai'i, State of Illinois, State of Maine, State of Maryland, State of Minnesota, State of Nevada, State of New Jersey, State of Oregon, State of Rhode Island, State of Vermont, State of Washington (Attachments: # 1 Text of Proposed Order)(Williamson, Virginia) (Entered: 07/03/2025)

July 3, 2025

July 3, 2025

PACER
71

ORDER granting 70 Plaintiffs' Consent Motion to Expand Page Limit. Signed by Judge Paula Xinis on 7/3/2025. (kk5s, Deputy Clerk) (Entered: 07/03/2025)

July 3, 2025

July 3, 2025

PACER
72

MOTION for Leave to File Amicus Curiae Brief by America's Future, Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund, Coalition of New Jersey Firearms Owners, Gun Owners of America, Inc., Gun Owners of California, Gun Owners Foundation, Grass Roots North Carolina, Rights Watch International, Tennessee Firearms Association, Tennessee Firearms Foundation, U.S. Constitutional Rights Legal Defense Fund, State of Texas (Attachments: # 1 Attachment Amicus Brief)(Della Rocca, Brian) (Entered: 07/03/2025)

1

View on RECAP

July 3, 2025

July 3, 2025

PACER
73

Local Rule 103.3 Disclosure Statement by America's Future (Della Rocca, Brian) (Entered: 07/03/2025)

July 3, 2025

July 3, 2025

PACER
74

Local Rule 103.3 Disclosure Statement by Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund (Della Rocca, Brian) (Entered: 07/03/2025)

July 3, 2025

July 3, 2025

PACER
75

Local Rule 103.3 Disclosure Statement by Coalition of New Jersey Firearms Owners (Della Rocca, Brian) (Entered: 07/03/2025)

July 3, 2025

July 3, 2025

PACER
76

Local Rule 103.3 Disclosure Statement by Gun Owners of America, Inc. (Della Rocca, Brian) (Entered: 07/03/2025)

July 3, 2025

July 3, 2025

PACER
77

Local Rule 103.3 Disclosure Statement by Gun Owners of California (Della Rocca, Brian) (Entered: 07/03/2025)

July 3, 2025

July 3, 2025

PACER
78

Local Rule 103.3 Disclosure Statement by Gun Owners Foundation (Della Rocca, Brian) (Entered: 07/03/2025)

July 3, 2025

July 3, 2025

PACER
79

Local Rule 103.3 Disclosure Statement by Grass Roots North Carolina (Della Rocca, Brian) (Entered: 07/03/2025)

July 3, 2025

July 3, 2025

PACER
80

Local Rule 103.3 Disclosure Statement by Rights Watch International (Della Rocca, Brian) (Entered: 07/03/2025)

July 3, 2025

July 3, 2025

PACER
81

Local Rule 103.3 Disclosure Statement by Tennessee Firearms Association (Della Rocca, Brian) (Entered: 07/03/2025)

July 3, 2025

July 3, 2025

PACER
82

Local Rule 103.3 Disclosure Statement by Tennessee Firearms Foundation (Della Rocca, Brian) (Entered: 07/03/2025)

July 3, 2025

July 3, 2025

PACER
83

Local Rule 103.3 Disclosure Statement by U.S. Constitutional Rights Legal Defense Fund (Della Rocca, Brian) (Entered: 07/03/2025)

July 3, 2025

July 3, 2025

PACER
84

REPLY to Response to Motion re 5 MOTION for Preliminary Injunction filed by Commonwealth of Massachusetts, District of Columbia, People of the State of Michigan, State of Colorado, State of Delaware, State of Hawai'i, State of Illinois, State of Maine, State of Maryland, State of Minnesota, State of Nevada, State of New Jersey, State of Oregon, State of Rhode Island, State of Vermont, State of Washington. (Attachments: # 1 Revised Proposed Order (Clean Version), # 2 Revised Proposed Order (Redline Version), # 3 Supplemental Exhibit List, # 4 Exhibit 30, # 5 Exhibit 31)(Williamson, Virginia) (Entered: 07/03/2025)

1 Revised Proposed Order (Clean Version)

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2 Revised Proposed Order (Redline Version)

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3 Supplemental Exhibit List

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4 Exhibit 30

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5 Exhibit 31

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July 3, 2025

July 3, 2025

RECAP
85

ORDER regarding the possession of electronic devices during further proceedings in this matter. Signed by Judge Paula Xinis on 7/7/2025. (kk5s, Deputy Clerk) (Entered: 07/07/2025)

July 7, 2025

July 7, 2025

RECAP
86

AMENDED COMPLAINT against All Defendants, filed by State of Illinois, State of Maryland, State of New Jersey, State of Washington, State of Rhode Island, People of the State of Michigan, State of Minnesota, State of Oregon, State of Hawai'i, State of Delaware, Commonwealth of Massachusetts, State of Nevada, State of Vermont, State of Maine, State of Colorado, District of Columbia, State of California. (Attachments: # 1 Amended Complaint (Redline Version))(Williamson, Virginia) (Entered: 07/07/2025)

1 Amended Complaint (Redline Version)

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July 7, 2025

July 7, 2025

Clearinghouse
87

NOTICE of Appearance by Jonathan Mark Shaw on behalf of Patrick Carey, Travis Speegle, Texas Gun Rights, Inc., James Wheeler (Shaw, Jonathan) (Entered: 07/08/2025)

July 8, 2025

July 8, 2025

PACER
88

Supplement to 65 Response to Motion, filed by Patrick Carey, Lawrence Demonico, Kevin Maxwell, National Association of Gun Rights, Inc., Rare Breed Firearms, LLC, Rare Breed Triggers, LLC, Travis Speegle, Texas Gun Rights, Inc., James Wheeler (Attachments: # 1 Attachment Second Declaration of Lawrence A. DeMonico)(Shaw, Jonathan) (Entered: 07/08/2025)

1 Attachment Second Declaration of Lawrence A. DeMonico

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July 8, 2025

July 8, 2025

RECAP
89

NOTICE of Appearance by Andrew Warden on behalf of Pamela Bondi, Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, Daniel Driscoll, U.S. Department of Justice (Warden, Andrew) (Entered: 07/09/2025)

July 9, 2025

July 9, 2025

PACER
90

QC NOTICE: 72 Motion for Leave to File, filed by U.S. Constitutional Rights Legal Defense Fund, America's Future, Tennessee Firearms Association, Gun Owners of America, Inc., Rights Watch International, Coalition of New Jersey Firearms Owners, Tennessee Firearms Foundation, Gun Owners Foundation, State of Texas, Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund, Grass Roots North Carolina, Gun Owners of California was filed incorrectly. **The following attachments or exhibits are missing - Text of Proposed Order. To correct this problem, file Text of Proposed Order using the event Notice (Other) and link Text of Proposed Order to 72 Motion. (kk5s, Deputy Clerk) (Entered: 07/09/2025)

July 9, 2025

July 9, 2025

PACER
91

Motions Hearing held on 7/9/2025 before Judge Paula Xinis. (Court Reporter: Paula Leeper - 2C) (dg3s, Deputy Clerk) (Entered: 07/09/2025)

July 9, 2025

July 9, 2025

PACER
92

NOTICE by America's Future, Coalition of New Jersey Firearms Owners, Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund, Grass Roots North Carolina, Gun Owners Foundation, Gun Owners of America, Inc., Gun Owners of California, Rights Watch International, State of Texas, Tennessee Firearms Association, Tennessee Firearms Foundation, U.S. Constitutional Rights Legal Defense Fund re 72 MOTION for Leave to File Amicus Curiae Brief Text of Proposed Order (Della Rocca, Brian) (Entered: 07/10/2025)

July 10, 2025

July 10, 2025

PACER
93

NOTICE by Commonwealth of Massachusetts, District of Columbia, People of the State of Michigan, State of California, State of Colorado, State of Delaware, State of Hawai'i, State of Illinois, State of Maine, State of Maryland, State of Minnesota, State of Nevada, State of New Jersey, State of Oregon, State of Rhode Island, State of Vermont, State of Washington re 5 MOTION for Preliminary Injunction Notice of Withdrawal of Motion for Preliminary Injunction (Jamieson, Keith) (Entered: 07/11/2025)

July 11, 2025

July 11, 2025

Clearinghouse
100

PAPERLESS ORDER granting 54 Motion to Appear Pro Hac Vice on behalf of Kaliko'onalani D. Fernandes. Directing attorney Kaliko'onalani D. Fernandes to register for pro hac vice filing in the District of Maryland through PACER at https://pacer.uscourts.gov/ if attorney has not already done so. The Pro Hac Vice option must be selected when registering. Signed by Clerk on 7/14/2025. (mh4s, Deputy Clerk) (Entered: 07/14/2025)

July 14, 2025

July 14, 2025

PACER
101

PAPERLESS ORDER granting 55 Motion to Appear Pro Hac Vice on behalf of Cara A Hendrickson. Directing attorney Cara A Hendrickson to register for pro hac vice filing in the District of Maryland through PACER at https://pacer.uscourts.gov/ if attorney has not already done so. The Pro Hac Vice option must be selected when registering. Signed by Clerk on 7/14/2025. (mh4s, Deputy Clerk) (Entered: 07/14/2025)

July 14, 2025

July 14, 2025

PACER
102

PAPERLESS ORDER granting 56 Motion to Appear Pro Hac Vice on behalf of Michael M. Tresnowski. Directing attorney Michael M. Tresnowski to register for pro hac vice filing in the District of Maryland through PACER at https://pacer.uscourts.gov/ if attorney has not already done so. The Pro Hac Vice option must be selected when registering. Signed by Clerk on 7/14/2025. (mh4s, Deputy Clerk) (Entered: 07/14/2025)

July 14, 2025

July 14, 2025

PACER
103

PAPERLESS ORDER granting 57 Motion to Appear Pro Hac Vice on behalf of Heidi Parry Stern. Directing attorney Heidi Parry Stern to register for pro hac vice filing in the District of Maryland through PACER at https://pacer.uscourts.gov/ if attorney has not already done so. The Pro Hac Vice option must be selected when registering. Signed by Clerk on 7/14/2025. (mh4s, Deputy Clerk) (Entered: 07/14/2025)

July 14, 2025

July 14, 2025

PACER
104

PAPERLESS ORDER granting 59 Motion to Appear Pro Hac Vice on behalf of Stephen N. Provazza. Directing attorney Stephen N. Provazza to register for pro hac vice filing in the District of Maryland through PACER at https://pacer.uscourts.gov/ if attorney has not already done so. The Pro Hac Vice option must be selected when registering. Signed by Clerk on 7/14/2025. (mh4s, Deputy Clerk) (Entered: 07/14/2025)

July 14, 2025

July 14, 2025

PACER
105

PAPERLESS ORDER granting 60 Motion to Appear Pro Hac Vice on behalf of Jonathan T Rose. Directing attorney Jonathan T Rose to register for pro hac vice filing in the District of Maryland through PACER at https://pacer.uscourts.gov/ if attorney has not already done so. The Pro Hac Vice option must be selected when registering. Signed by Clerk on 7/14/2025. (mh4s, Deputy Clerk) (Entered: 07/14/2025)

July 14, 2025

July 14, 2025

PACER

Case Details

State / Territory: Maryland

Case Type(s):

Presidential/Gubernatorial Authority

Special Collection(s):

Trump Administration 2.0: Challenges to the Government

Key Dates

Filing Date: June 9, 2025

Case Ongoing: Yes

Plaintiffs

Plaintiff Description:

The District of Columbia and fifteen U.S. states (Delaware, Colorado, Hawaii, Illinois, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Nevada, New Jersey, Oregon, Rhode Island, Vermont, and Washington)

Public Interest Lawyer: No

Filed Pro Se: No

Class Action Sought: No

Class Action Outcome: Not sought

Defendants

United States Department of Justice (- United States (national) -), Federal

Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (- United States (national) -), Federal

Rare Breed Triggers, LLC, Private Entity/Person

National Association for Gun Rights, Private Entity/Person

Defendant Type(s):

Jurisdiction-wide

Case Details

Causes of Action:

Administrative Procedure Act, 5 U.S.C. §§ 551 et seq.

Constitutional Clause(s):

Due Process

Due Process: Procedural Due Process

Available Documents:

Trial Court Docket

Complaint (any)

Outcome

Prevailing Party: None Yet / None

Nature of Relief:

None yet

Source of Relief:

None yet

Issues

General/Misc.:

Other