Case: State of California v. United States Department of Agriculture

3:25-cv-06310 | U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California

Filed Date: July 28, 2025

Case Ongoing

Clearinghouse coding complete

Case Summary

This case challenges the federal government's demand for sensitive personal information on millions of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) applicants and recipients. The federal government claims the data is necessary for program integrity, specifically to detect "overpayments and fraud". On July 28, 2025, a coalition of states and the District of Columbia filed this lawsuit in the Northern District of California against the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), its Secretary, and…

This case challenges the federal government's demand for sensitive personal information on millions of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) applicants and recipients. The federal government claims the data is necessary for program integrity, specifically to detect "overpayments and fraud".

On July 28, 2025, a coalition of states and the District of Columbia filed this lawsuit in the Northern District of California against the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), its Secretary, and the Office of Inspector General (OIG), under the Administrative Procedure Act, the Privacy Act, and the E-Government Act. Judge Maxine M. Chesney presides over the case. 

Plaintiff states alleged that USDA and OIG made unprecedented demands for a vast amount of SNAP data, including names, Social Security numbers, dates of birth, addresses, and EBT transaction information spanning five years. They also claimed that OIG separately demanded all SNAP participant data for 2024 from California, Illinois, and Michigan. Largely, the plaintiffs argued that USDA and OIG overstepped their legal authority, violating the principle of “cooperative federalism,” under which the federal government and states collaborate to administer programs like SNAP. Plaintiffs contended that the federal agencies sought to “commandeer” state administrative resources to comply with demands that infringed on state privacy laws. They further noted that while OIG, as an independent oversight office, has authority for audits and investigations, it does not have the power to make broad data demands that override state sovereignty and privacy protections.

Plaintiffs maintained that the federal government’s actions were not truly aimed at fraud prevention but were part of a broader effort to build a mass database for purposes unrelated to SNAP, such as immigration enforcement. They argued that USDA and OIG’s data requests were arbitrary, capricious, and exceeded their statutory authority by seeking unnecessary information and disregarding state privacy laws. Plaintiffs highlighted that the USDA had recently removed website guidance assuring that applicant information would not be used for immigration enforcement.

Additionally, the plaintiffs claimed that the demand for sensitive personally identifiable information violated the Privacy Act, since the government’s intended use was not a permissible “routine use” and lacked proper justification. They also alleged that USDA and OIG violated the E-Government Act by failing to conduct required Privacy Impact Assessments and to issue a System of Records Notice before requesting the data. Plaintiffs warned that disclosure and potential misuse of this information would have a chilling effect on SNAP participation, particularly among vulnerable non-citizen households, leading to a deterioration of public health and welfare.

Represented by their respective Attorneys General, the plaintiff states sought a judicial declaration that the federal government’s demand for extensive SNAP participant data was unlawful, exceeded its statutory authority, and violated the Administrative Procedure Act, Privacy Act, and E-Government Act. They also sought injunctive relief to immediately halt enforcement of these demands, including withholding funds, and to prevent the use of any data already provided for unauthorized purposes.

On August 18, 2025, the plaintiffs moved for a stay or preliminary injunction to prevent enforcement of the USDA’s data demand. They emphasized that compliance would impose substantial burdens on state resources, risk violations of state privacy laws, and deter SNAP participation among vulnerable populations. The plaintiffs argued that immediate judicial intervention was necessary to preserve state sovereignty, protect individual privacy, and prevent harm to public welfare while the courts evaluate the legality of the federal agencies’ actions.

Judge Chesney granted the plaintiff's motion for a temporary restraining order (TRO), finding that the plaintiff states showed a likelihood of success on the merits because the SNAP Act only permits disclosure of applicant household data to "persons directly connected with" administering or regulating SNAP or other federal or state assistance programs, and the USDA had publicly indicated it intended to share this data with entities that were not assistance programs. The court also held that the state plaintiffs (with the exception of Nevada, who provided the requested data to the federal government) had shown irreparable harm as the states would have most, if not all, of their SNAP funds withheld if they did not comply with the data request. 

This case is ongoing. 

Summary Authors

Victoria Tan (8/21/2025)

Bryan Waugh (10/10/2025)

People

For PACER's information on parties and their attorneys, see: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/70945300/parties/state-of-california-v-united-states-department-of-agriculture/


Judge(s)
Attorney for Plaintiff

Beach, Bryan William (California)

Becker, Madeline R. (California)

Bellamy, William (California)

Brady, Sebastian (California)

Buxton, Maria Florence (California)

Attorney for Defendant

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Documents in the Clearinghouse

Document
1

3:25-cv-06310

Complaint for Declaratory and Injunctive Relief

July 28, 2025

July 28, 2025

Complaint
59

3:25-cv-06310

Plaintiff States' Notice of Motion and Motion for Stay or Preliminary Injunction

Aug. 18, 2025

Aug. 18, 2025

Pleading / Motion / Brief
83

3:25-cv-06310

Order Granting Temporary Restraining Order as to All Plaintiff States Other Than State of Nevada; Setting Further Briefing Schedule and Hearing Date

Sept. 18, 2025

Sept. 18, 2025

Order/Opinion
84

3:25-cv-06310

Amended Complaint for Declaratory and Injunctive Relief

Sept. 22, 2025

Sept. 22, 2025

Complaint

Docket

See docket on RECAP: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/70945300/state-of-california-v-united-states-department-of-agriculture/

Last updated Oct. 14, 2025, 12:56 p.m.

ECF Number Description Date Link Date / Link
1

COMPLAINT For Declaratory and Injunctive Relief (Filing Fee: $405.00, receipt number ACANDC-20941692) against Brooke Rollins, U.S. Department of Agriculture's Office of Inspector General, United States Department of Agriculture. Injunction against the US government/official or APA vacatur requested. Filed by State of Maryland, State of Wisconsin, District of Columbia, State of New York, State of New Mexico, State of California, State of Oregon, State of Michigan, State of New Jersey, State of Delaware, State of Maine, State of Arizona, State of Illinois, Commonwealth of Massachusetts, State of Minnesota, State of Nevada, State of Washington, State of Hawai'i, State of Colorado, Office of the Governor ex rel. Andy Beshear, in his official capacity as Governor of the Commonwealth of Kentucky, State of Rhode Island, State of Connecticut. (Buxton, Maria) (Filed on 7/28/2025) (Entered: 07/28/2025)

July 28, 2025

July 28, 2025

Clearinghouse
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Proposed Summons. (Buxton, Maria) (Filed on 7/28/2025) (Entered: 07/28/2025)

July 28, 2025

July 28, 2025

PACER
3

MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-20943975.) filed by State of Maryland. (Attachments: # 1 Certificate of Good Standing)(Luh, James) (Filed on 7/29/2025) (Entered: 07/29/2025)

1 Certificate of Good Standing

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July 29, 2025

July 29, 2025

RECAP
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MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-20944203.) filed by State of Connecticut. (Medeiros, Janelle) (Filed on 7/29/2025) (Entered: 07/29/2025)

July 29, 2025

July 29, 2025

RECAP
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Case assigned to Judge Maxine M. Chesney. Counsel for plaintiff or the removing party is responsible for serving the Complaint or Notice of Removal, Summons and the assigned judge's standing orders and all other new case documents upon the opposing parties. For information, visit E-Filing A New Civil Case at http://cand.uscourts.gov/ecf/caseopening.Standing orders can be downloaded from the court's web page at www.cand.uscourts.gov/judges. Upon receipt, the summons will be issued and returned electronically. A scheduling order will be sent by Notice of Electronic Filing (NEF) within two business days. (mbc, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 7/29/2025) (Entered: 07/29/2025)

July 29, 2025

July 29, 2025

PACER
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First MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-20944966.) filed by State of Illinois. (Attachments: (1) Exhibit Letter of Good Standing)(Gaber, Sherief) (Filed on 7/29/2025)

1 Exhibit Letter of Good Standing

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July 29, 2025

July 29, 2025

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Initial Case Management Scheduling Order with ADR Deadlines: Notice: The assigned judge participates in the Cameras in the Courtroom Pilot Project. See General Order 65 and cand.uscourts.gov/cameras. Joint Case Management Statement due by 10/24/2025. Initial Case Management Conference set for 10/31/2025 at 10:30 AM in San Francisco - Videoconference Only. (Attachments: (1) Notice of Eligibility for Video Recording)(tn, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 7/29/2025)

1 Notice of Eligibility for Video Recording

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July 29, 2025

July 29, 2025

RECAP
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Summons Issued as to Brooke Rollins, U.S. Department of Agriculture's Office of Inspector General, United States Department of Agriculture. (tn, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 7/29/2025)

July 29, 2025

July 29, 2025

RECAP
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MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number BCANDC-20946278.) filed by State of New York. (Attachments: (1) Certificate of Good Standing)(Ladov, Mark) (Filed on 7/29/2025)

1 Certificate of Good Standing

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July 29, 2025

July 29, 2025

RECAP

~Util - Case Assigned by Intake

July 29, 2025

July 29, 2025

PACER
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MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-20949401.) filed by State of Colorado. (Attachments: (1) Exhibit Certificate of Good Standing)(Moskowitz, David) (Filed on 7/30/2025)

1 Exhibit Certificate of Good Standing

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July 30, 2025

July 30, 2025

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MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-20952309.) filed by State of Michigan. (Attachments: (1) Certificate of Good Standing)(Giovanatti, Neil) (Filed on 7/30/2025)

1 Certificate of Good Standing

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July 30, 2025

July 30, 2025

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MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-20954910.) filed by Office of the Governor ex rel. Andy Beshear, in his official capacity as Governor of the Commonwealth of Kentucky. (Attachments: (1) Exhibit Certificate of Good Standing)(Mayo, Steven) (Filed on 7/31/2025)

1 Exhibit Certificate of Good Standing

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July 31, 2025

July 31, 2025

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MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-20955078.) filed by District of Columbia. (Attachments: (1) Exhibit Certificate of Good Standing)(Hill, Nicole) (Filed on 7/31/2025)

1 Exhibit Certificate of Good Standing

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July 31, 2025

July 31, 2025

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MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-20955684.) filed by Office of the Governor ex rel. Andy Beshear, in his official capacity as Governor of the Commonwealth of Kentucky. (Attachments: (1) Exhibit Certificate of Good Standing)(Payne, Taylor) (Filed on 7/31/2025)

1 Exhibit Certificate of Good Standing

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July 31, 2025

July 31, 2025

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MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice Brendan D. Kreckel ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-20956583.) filed by State of Maine. (Attachments: (1) Supplement Certificate of Good Standing)(Kreckel, Brendan) (Filed on 7/31/2025)

1 Supplement Certificate of Good Standing

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July 31, 2025

July 31, 2025

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MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-20958272.) filed by State of Oregon. (Kennedy, Scott) (Filed on 7/31/2025)

July 31, 2025

July 31, 2025

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MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-20959859.) filed by State of Minnesota. (Attachments: (1) Certificate of Good Standing)(Richie, Joseph) (Filed on 8/1/2025)

1 Certificate of Good Standing

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Aug. 1, 2025

Aug. 1, 2025

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MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-20960861.) filed by Office of the Governor ex rel. Andy Beshear, in his official capacity as Governor of the Commonwealth of Kentucky. (Attachments: (1) Exhibit Certificate of Good Standing)(Tipton, Laura) (Filed on 8/1/2025)

1 Exhibit Certificate of Good Standing

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Aug. 1, 2025

Aug. 1, 2025

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GRANTING APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION OF ATTORNEY PRO HAC VICE. The application of James C. Luh is granted. Signed by Judge Maxine M. Chesney on August 1, 2025. Signed by Judge Maxine M. Chesney on August 1, 2025. (mmclc1, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/1/2025)

Aug. 1, 2025

Aug. 1, 2025

RECAP
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GRANTING APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION OF ATTORNEY PRO HAC VICE. The application of Janelle R. Medeiros is granted. Signed by Judge Maxine M. Chesney on August 1, 2025. (mmclc1, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/1/2025)

Aug. 1, 2025

Aug. 1, 2025

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ORDER GRANTING APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION OF ATTORNEY PRO HAC VICE. The application of Sherief Gaber is granted. Signed by Judge Maxine M. Chesney on August 1, 2025. (mmclc1, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/1/2025)

Aug. 1, 2025

Aug. 1, 2025

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MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-20963519.) filed by State of Washington. (McGinty, William) (Filed on 8/1/2025)

Aug. 1, 2025

Aug. 1, 2025

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ORDER GRANTING APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION OF ATTORNEY PRO HAC VICE. The application of Mark Ladov is granted. Signed by Judge Maxine M. Chesney on August 1, 2025. (mmclc1, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/1/2025)

Aug. 1, 2025

Aug. 1, 2025

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ORDER GRANTING APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION OF ATTORNEY PRO HAC VICE. The application of David Z. Moskowitz is granted. Signed by Judge Maxine M. Chesney on August 1, 2025. (mmclc1, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/1/2025)

Aug. 1, 2025

Aug. 1, 2025

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ORDER GRANTING APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION OF ATTORNEY PRO HAC VICE. The application of Neil Giovanatti is granted. Signed by Judge Maxine M. Chesney on August 1, 2025. (mmclc1, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/1/2025)

Aug. 1, 2025

Aug. 1, 2025

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ORDER GRANTING APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION OF ATTORNEY PRO HAC VICE. The application of Steven Travis Mayo is granted. Signed by Judge Maxine M. Chesney on August 1, 2025. (mmclc1, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/1/2025)

Aug. 1, 2025

Aug. 1, 2025

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MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-20963667.) filed by State of Washington. (Chung, Jennifer) (Filed on 8/1/2025)

Aug. 1, 2025

Aug. 1, 2025

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ORDER GRANTING APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION OF ATTORNEY PRO HAC VICE. The application of Nicole S. Hill is granted. Signed by Judge Maxine M. Chesney on August 1, 2025. (mmclc1, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/1/2025)

Aug. 1, 2025

Aug. 1, 2025

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ORDER GRANTING APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION OF ATTORNEY PRO HAC VICE. The application of Taylor Payne is granted. Signed by Judge Maxine M. Chesney on August 1, 2025. (mmclc1, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/1/2025)

Aug. 1, 2025

Aug. 1, 2025

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ORDER GRANTING APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION OF ATTORNEY PRO HAC VICE. The application of Brendan Kreckel is granted. Signed by Judge Maxine M. Chesney on August 1, 2025. (mmclc1, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/1/2025)

Aug. 1, 2025

Aug. 1, 2025

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ORDER GRANTING APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION OF ATTORNEY PRO HAC VICE. The application of Scott P. Kennedy is granted. Signed by Judge Maxine M. Chesney on August 1, 2025. (mmclc1, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/1/2025)

Aug. 1, 2025

Aug. 1, 2025

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ORDER GRANTING APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION OF ATTORNEY PRO HAC VICE. The application of Joseph Richie is granted. Signed by Judge Maxine M. Chesney on August 1, 2025. (mmclc1, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/1/2025)

Aug. 1, 2025

Aug. 1, 2025

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MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice, (Filing Fee: $328.00, receipt number ACANDC-20966342) filed by State of Rhode Island. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit)(Becker, Madeline ) (Filed on 8/4/2025) (Entered: 08/04/2025)

1 Exhibit

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Aug. 4, 2025

Aug. 4, 2025

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MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-20967409.) filed by State of Wisconsin. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Certificate of Good Standing)(Keckhaver, Karla ) (Filed on 8/4/2025) (Entered: 08/04/2025)

1 Exhibit Certificate of Good Standing

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Aug. 4, 2025

Aug. 4, 2025

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MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-20968125.) filed by State of Arizona. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Certificate of Good Standing)(Crawford, Hayleigh ) (Filed on 8/4/2025) (Entered: 08/04/2025)

1 Exhibit Certificate of Good Standing

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Aug. 4, 2025

Aug. 4, 2025

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MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-20976156.) filed by State of Nevada. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Certificate of Good Standing)(Stern, Heidi) (Filed on 8/5/2025) (Entered: 08/05/2025)

1 Exhibit Certificate of Good Standing

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Aug. 5, 2025

Aug. 5, 2025

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MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-20977826.) filed by State of Michigan. (Attachments: (1) Certificate/Proof of Service Certificate of Good Standing)(Beach, Bryan) (Filed on 8/6/2025)

1 Certificate/Proof of Service Certificate of Good Standing

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Aug. 6, 2025

Aug. 6, 2025

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ORDER GRANTING APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION OF ATTORNEY PRO HAC VICE. The application of Laura C. Tipton is granted. Signed by Judge Maxine M. Chesney on August 6, 2025. (mmclc1, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/6/2025)

Aug. 6, 2025

Aug. 6, 2025

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ORDER GRANTING APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION OF ATTORNEY PRO HAC VICE. The application of William McGinty is granted. Signed by Judge Maxine M. Chesney on August 6, 2025. (mmclc1, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/6/2025)

Aug. 6, 2025

Aug. 6, 2025

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ORDER GRANTING APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION OF ATTORNEY PRO HAC VICE. The application of Jennifer K. Chung is granted. Signed by Judge Maxine M. Chesney on August 6, 2025. (mmclc1, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/6/2025)

Aug. 6, 2025

Aug. 6, 2025

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ORDER GRANTING APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION OF ATTORNEY PRO HAC VICE. The application of Madeline R. Becker is granted. Signed by Judge Maxine M. Chesney on August 6, 2025. Signed by Judge Maxine M. Chesney on August 6, 2025. (mmclc1, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/6/2025)

Aug. 6, 2025

Aug. 6, 2025

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ORDER GRANTING APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION OF ATTORNEY PRO HAC VICE. The application of Karla Z. Keckhaver is granted. Signed by Judge Maxine M. Chesney on August 6, 2025. (mmclc1, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/6/2025)

Aug. 6, 2025

Aug. 6, 2025

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ORDER GRANTING APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION OF ATTORNEY PRO HAC VICE. The application of Hayleigh S. Crawford is granted. Signed by Judge Maxine M. Chesney on August 6, 2025. (mmclc1, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/6/2025)

Aug. 6, 2025

Aug. 6, 2025

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MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-20982192.) filed by State of New York. (Dona, Julie) (Filed on 8/7/2025)

Aug. 7, 2025

Aug. 7, 2025

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ORDER GRANTING APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION OF ATTORNEY PRO HAC VICE. The application of Heidi Parry Stern is granted. Signed by Judge Maxine M. Chesney on August 7, 2025. (mmclc1, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/7/2025)

Aug. 7, 2025

Aug. 7, 2025

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ORDER GRANTING APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION OF ATTORNEY PRO HAC VICE. The application of Bryan W. Beach is granted. Signed by Judge Maxine M. Chesney on August 7, 2025. (mmclc1, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/7/2025)

Aug. 7, 2025

Aug. 7, 2025

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ORDER GRANTING APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION OF ATTORNEY PRO HAC VICE. The application of Julie Dona is granted. Signed by Judge Maxine M. Chesney on August 7, 2025. (mmclc1, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/7/2025)

Aug. 7, 2025

Aug. 7, 2025

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MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-20986466.) filed by State of Hawai'i. (Attachments: (1) Certificate of Good Standing)(Fernandes, Kalikoonalani) (Filed on 8/7/2025)

1 Certificate of Good Standing

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Aug. 7, 2025

Aug. 7, 2025

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MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-20986506.) filed by State of Hawai'i. (Attachments: (1) Certificate of Good Standing)(Day, David) (Filed on 8/7/2025)

1 Certificate of Good Standing

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Aug. 7, 2025

Aug. 7, 2025

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NOTICE of Appearance filed by Heidi Parry Stern on behalf of State of Nevada (Stern, Heidi) (Filed on 8/8/2025) (Entered: 08/08/2025)

Aug. 8, 2025

Aug. 8, 2025

PACER

Notice of Appearance/Substitution/Change/Withdrawal of Attorney

Aug. 8, 2025

Aug. 8, 2025

PACER
51

CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE by State of California re 1 Complaint,,, 8 Summons Issued (Buxton, Maria) (Filed on 8/11/2025) (Entered: 08/11/2025)

Aug. 11, 2025

Aug. 11, 2025

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MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-20998001.) filed by State of New Jersey. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Certificate of Good Standing)(Chand, Kashif) (Filed on 8/12/2025) (Entered: 08/12/2025)

1 Exhibit Certificate of Good Standing

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Aug. 12, 2025

Aug. 12, 2025

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ORDER GRANTING APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION OF ATTORNEY PRO HAC VICE. The application of Kalikoonalani Fernandes is granted. Signed by Judge Maxine M. Chesney on August 12, 2025. (mmclc1, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/12/2025) (Entered: 08/12/2025)

Aug. 12, 2025

Aug. 12, 2025

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ORDER GRANTING APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION OF ATTORNEY PRO HAC VICE. The application of David D. Day is granted. Signed by Judge Maxine M. Chesney on August 12, 2025. (mmclc1, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/12/2025) (Entered: 08/12/2025)

Aug. 12, 2025

Aug. 12, 2025

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ORDER GRANTING APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION OF ATTORNEY PRO HAC VICE. The application of Kashif T. Chand is granted. Signed by Judge Maxine M. Chesney on August 12, 2025. (mmclc1, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/12/2025) (Entered: 08/12/2025)

Aug. 12, 2025

Aug. 12, 2025

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MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-21010111.) filed by State of Arizona. (Attachments: (1) Exhibit Certificate of Good Standing)(Davis, Luci) (Filed on 8/14/2025)

1 Exhibit Certificate of Good Standing

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Aug. 14, 2025

Aug. 14, 2025

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ORDER GRANTING APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION OF ATTORNEY PRO HAC VICE. The application of Luci D. Davis is granted. Signed by Judge Maxine M. Chesney on August 15, 2025. (mmclc1, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/15/2025)

Aug. 15, 2025

Aug. 15, 2025

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MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-21021569.) filed by State of Illinois. (Attachments: (1) Exhibit Certificate of Good Standing - H. Khera)(Khera, Harpreet) (Filed on 8/18/2025)

1 Exhibit Certificate of Good Standing - H. Khera

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Aug. 18, 2025

Aug. 18, 2025

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MOTION to Stay or for Preliminary Injunction; Memorandum of Law in Support filed by Office of the Governor ex rel. Andy Beshear, in his official capacity as Governor of the Commonwealth of Kentucky, State of Maryland, Commonwealth of Massachusetts, State of Michigan, State of Minnesota, State of Nevada, State of New Jersey, State of New Mexico, State of Oregon, State of Rhode Island, State of California, State of Washington, State of Wisconsin, State of Maine, State of New York, State of Arizona, State of Colorado, State of Connecticut, State of Delaware, District of Columbia, State of Hawai'i, State of Illinois. Motion Hearing set for 10/3/2025 09:00 AM in San Francisco, Courtroom 07, 19th Floor before Judge Maxine M. Chesney. Responses due by 9/2/2025. Replies due by 9/9/2025. (Attachments: (1) Proposed Order, (2) Declaration of M. Buxton, (3) Declaration of R. Piazza, (4) Index of Plaintiff States' Agency Declarations Submitted In Support of Plaintiffs' Motion For a Stay or Preliminary Injunction, (5) Declaration of A. Rogers, (6) Declaration of A. Fernandez-Garcia, (7) Declaration of R. Gillette, (8) Declaration of A. McClelland, (9) Declaration of E. Canada, (10) Declaration of T. Hall, (11) Declaration of S. Morishige, (12) Declaration of K. Reagan, (13) Declaration of L. Dennis, (14) Declaration of I. Yaffe, (15) Declaration of R. Lopez, (16) Declaration of M. Cole, (17) Declaration of D. Haywood, (18) Declaration of S. Moore, (19) Declaration of S. Adelman, (20) Declaration of K. Armijo, (21) Declaration of W. DeMarco, (22) Declaration of C. Carpenter-Seguin, (23) Declaration of K. Merolla-Brito, (24) Declaration of C. Reyes, (25) Declaration of D. Standridge)(Buxton, Maria) (Filed on 8/18/2025)

1 Proposed Order

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2 Declaration of M. Buxton

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3 Declaration of R. Piazza

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4 Index of Plaintiff States' Agency Declarations Submitted In Support of Pla

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5 Declaration of A. Rogers

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6 Declaration of A. Fernandez-Garcia

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7 Declaration of R. Gillette

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8 Declaration of A. McClelland

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9 Declaration of E. Canada

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10 Declaration of T. Hall

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11 Declaration of S. Morishige

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12 Declaration of K. Reagan

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13 Declaration of L. Dennis

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14 Declaration of I. Yaffe

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15 Declaration of R. Lopez

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16 Declaration of M. Cole

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17 Declaration of D. Haywood

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18 Declaration of S. Moore

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19 Declaration of S. Adelman

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20 Declaration of K. Armijo

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21 Declaration of W. DeMarco

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22 Declaration of C. Carpenter-Seguin

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23 Declaration of K. Merolla-Brito

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24 Declaration of C. Reyes

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25 Declaration of D. Standridge

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Aug. 18, 2025

Aug. 18, 2025

Clearinghouse
60

NOTICE of Appearance filed by Robin L. Goldfaden on behalf of State of California (Goldfaden, Robin) (Filed on 8/18/2025)

Aug. 18, 2025

Aug. 18, 2025

PACER

Notice of Appearance/Substitution/Change/Withdrawal of Attorney

Aug. 18, 2025

Aug. 18, 2025

PACER
61

ORDER GRANTING APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION OF ATTORNEY PRO HAC VICE. The application of Harpreet Khera is granted. Signed by Judge Maxine M. Chesney on August 19, 2025. (mmclc1, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/19/2025) (Entered: 08/19/2025)

Aug. 19, 2025

Aug. 19, 2025

RECAP
62

NOTICE of Appearance filed by Sebastian Brady on behalf of State of California (Brady, Sebastian) (Filed on 8/21/2025)

Aug. 21, 2025

Aug. 21, 2025

PACER

Notice of Appearance/Substitution/Change/Withdrawal of Attorney

Aug. 21, 2025

Aug. 21, 2025

PACER
63

NOTICE of Appearance filed by Janelle Medeiros on behalf of State of Connecticut (Medeiros, Janelle) (Filed on 8/22/2025)

Aug. 22, 2025

Aug. 22, 2025

PACER

Notice of Appearance/Substitution/Change/Withdrawal of Attorney

Aug. 22, 2025

Aug. 22, 2025

PACER
64

NOTICE of Appearance filed by Benjamin Kurland on behalf of United States Department of Agriculture, Brooke Rollins, U.S. Department of Agriculture's Office of Inspector General (Kurland, Benjamin) (Filed on 8/25/2025)

Aug. 25, 2025

Aug. 25, 2025

PACER
65

NOTICE of Appearance filed by Bradley Philip Humphreys on behalf of United States Department of Agriculture, Brooke Rollins, U.S. Department of Agriculture's Office of Inspector General (Humphreys, Bradley) (Filed on 8/25/2025)

Aug. 25, 2025

Aug. 25, 2025

PACER
66

CLERK'S NOTICE - Please be advised that motions not taken under submission require an in-person appearance by counsel.

Aug. 25, 2025

Aug. 25, 2025

PACER
67

STIPULATION WITH PROPOSED ORDER to Shorten Time on Plaintiffs' Motion For Stay or Preliminary Injunction (ECF No. 59) filed by Office of the Governor ex rel. Andy Beshear, in his official capacity as Governor of the Commonwealth of Kentucky, State of Maryland, Commonwealth of Massachusetts, State of Michigan, State of Minnesota, State of Nevada, State of New Jersey, State of New Mexico, State of Oregon, State of Rhode Island, State of California, State of Washington, State of Wisconsin, State of Maine, State of New York, State of Arizona, State of Colorado, State of Connecticut, State of Delaware, District of Columbia, State of Hawai'i, State of Illinois. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of S. Brady, # 2 Proposed Order)(Brady, Sebastian) (Filed on 8/25/2025) (Entered: 08/25/2025)

1 Declaration of S. Brady

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2 Proposed Order

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Aug. 25, 2025

Aug. 25, 2025

RECAP

Notice of Appearance/Substitution/Change/Withdrawal of Attorney

Aug. 25, 2025

Aug. 25, 2025

PACER

Clerk's Notice

Aug. 25, 2025

Aug. 25, 2025

PACER
68

ORDER DIRECTING PLAINTIFFS TO SUBMIT COURTESY COPIES IN COMPLIANCE WITH COURT'S STANDING ORDERS. Signed by Judge Maxine M. Chesney on August 26, 2025. (mmclc1, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/26/2025) (Entered: 08/26/2025)

Aug. 26, 2025

Aug. 26, 2025

RECAP
69

ORDER GRANTING AS MODIFIED THE PARTIES' STIPULATED REQUEST TO SHORTEN TIME. Defendant USDA's opposition will remain due on September 2, 2025, and it shall submit a chambers copy of its opposition no later than September 3, 2025. Plaintiffs shall file their reply by September 8, 2025, and shall submit a chambers copy of its reply no later than September 9. 2025. The Court shall hear oral argument on Plaintiffs' Motion for a Stay or Preliminary Injunction at 10:00 a.m. on September 16, 2025, in Courtroom 7. Signed by Judge Maxine M. Chesney on August 26, 2025. (mmclc1, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/26/2025) (Entered: 08/26/2025)

Aug. 26, 2025

Aug. 26, 2025

RECAP
70

MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-21058763.) filed by State of Delaware. (Gibson, Rosanna) (Filed on 8/27/2025) (Entered: 08/27/2025)

Aug. 27, 2025

Aug. 27, 2025

RECAP

Set Motion and Deadlines/Hearings No NEF

Aug. 27, 2025

Aug. 27, 2025

PACER

Reset Deadlines as to 59 MOTION to Stay or for Preliminary Injunction; Memorandum of Law in Support. Opposition due by 9/2/2025. Reply due by 9/8/2025. Motion Hearing reset to 9/16/2025 at 10:00 AM in San Francisco, Courtroom 07, 19th Floor before Judge Maxine M. Chesney. (tl, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/27/2025)

Aug. 27, 2025

Aug. 27, 2025

PACER
71

ORDER GRANTING APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION OF ATTORNEY PRO HAC VICE. The application of Rosanna E. Gibson is granted. Signed by Judge Maxine M. Chesney on August 28, 2025. (mmclc1, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 8/28/2025)

Aug. 28, 2025

Aug. 28, 2025

RECAP
72

OPPOSITION/RESPONSE (re [59] MOTION to Stay or for Preliminary Injunction; Memorandum of Law in Support ) filed byUnited States Department of Agriculture, Brooke Rollins, U.S. Department of Agriculture's Office of Inspector General. (Attachments: (1) Declaration of Shiela Corley)(Kurland, Benjamin) (Filed on 9/2/2025)

1 Declaration of Shiela Corley

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Sept. 2, 2025

Sept. 2, 2025

RECAP
73

MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice of Katherine Dirks ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-21090385.) filed by Commonwealth of Massachusetts. (Attachments: (1) Certificate/Proof of Service Certificate of Good Standing)(Dirks, Katherine) (Filed on 9/4/2025)

1 Certificate/Proof of Service Certificate of Good Standing

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Sept. 4, 2025

Sept. 4, 2025

RECAP
74

ORDER GRANTING APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION OF ATTORNEY PRO HAC VICE. The application of Katherine Brady Dirks is granted. Signed by Judge Maxine M. Chesney on September 5, 2025. (mmclc1, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 9/5/2025)

Sept. 5, 2025

Sept. 5, 2025

RECAP
75

REPLY (re 59 MOTION to Stay or for Preliminary Injunction; Memorandum of Law in Support ) / Plaintiff States' Reply In Support of Motion For Stay or Preliminary Injunction filed byOffice of the Governor ex rel. Andy Beshear, in his official capacity as Governor of the Commonwealth of Kentucky, State of Maryland, Commonwealth of Massachusetts, State of Michigan, State of Minnesota, State of Nevada, State of New Jersey, State of New Mexico, State of Oregon, State of Rhode Island, State of California, State of Washington, State of Wisconsin, State of Maine, State of New York, State of Arizona, State of Colorado, State of Connecticut, State of Delaware, District of Columbia, State of Hawai'i, State of Illinois. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of S. Brady, # 2 Declaration of A. McClelland, # 3 Declaration of B. Campbell, # 4 Declaration of M. Ladov)(Brady, Sebastian) (Filed on 9/8/2025) (Entered: 09/08/2025)

1 Declaration of S. Brady

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2 Declaration of A. McClelland

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3 Declaration of B. Campbell

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4 Declaration of M. Ladov

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Sept. 8, 2025

Sept. 8, 2025

RECAP
76

First MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-21111115.) filed by Commonwealth of Massachusetts. (Thomson, Cassandra) (Filed on 9/10/2025)

Sept. 10, 2025

Sept. 10, 2025

RECAP
77

ORDER GRANTING APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION OF ATTORNEY PRO HAC VICE. The application of Cassandra Thomson is granted. Signed by Judge Maxine M. Chesney on September 11, 2025. (mmclc1, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 9/11/2025)

Sept. 11, 2025

Sept. 11, 2025

RECAP
78

NOTICE regarding Plaintiff Nevada by United States Department of Agriculture, Brooke Rollins, U.S. Department of Agriculture's Office of Inspector General (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of Gina Brand)(Kurland, Benjamin) (Filed on 9/15/2025) Modified on 9/15/2025 (kam2, COURT STAFF). (Entered: 09/15/2025)

1 Declaration of Gina Brand

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Sept. 15, 2025

Sept. 15, 2025

RECAP
79

Minute Entry for proceedings held before Judge Maxine M. Chesney:

Sept. 16, 2025

Sept. 16, 2025

RECAP
80

TRANSCRIPT ORDER for proceedings held on 9/16/2025 before Judge Maxine M. Chesney by United States Department of Agriculture, Brooke Rollins, U.S. Department of Agriculture's Office of Inspector General, for Court Reporter Kendra Steppler. (Kurland, Benjamin) (Filed on 9/17/2025)

Sept. 17, 2025

Sept. 17, 2025

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81

TRANSCRIPT ORDER for proceedings held on 9/16/2025 before Judge Maxine M. Chesney by State of California, for Court Reporter Kendra Steppler. (Brady, Sebastian) (Filed on 9/17/2025)

Sept. 17, 2025

Sept. 17, 2025

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82

Transcript of Proceedings held on September 16, 2025, before Judge Maxine M. Chesney. Court Reporter Kendra Steppler, email at kendra_steppler@cand.uscourts.gov. Per General Order No. 59 and Judicial Conference policy, this transcript may be viewed only at the Clerk's Office public terminal or may be purchased through the Court Reporter until the deadline for the Release of Transcript Restriction. After that date, it may be obtained through PACER. Any Notice of Intent to Request Redaction, if required, is due no later than 5 business days from date of this filing. (Re [80] Transcript Order, ) Release of Transcript Restriction set for 12/17/2025. (Related documents(s) [80]) (Steppler, Kendra) (Filed on 9/18/2025)

Sept. 18, 2025

Sept. 18, 2025

PACER
83

ORDER GRANTING TEMPORARY RESTRAINING ORDER AS TO ALL PLAINTIFF STATES OTHER THAN STATE OF NEVADA; SETTING FURTHER BRIEFING SCHEDULE AND HEARING DATE. 1. The Court finds Plaintiff States, other than the State of Nevada, have shown their entitlement to a temporary restraining order. Specifically, with respect to all Plaintiff States other than the State of Nevada, the USDA is hereby TEMPORARILY ENJOINED from acting on the above-discussed formal warning letters, including by disallowing SNAP funding. 2. To the extent Plaintiff States seek preliminary relief on behalf of the State of Nevada, the motion is hereby DENIED. 3. To the extent Plaintiff States seek a preliminary injunction on behalf of all other Plaintiff States, the Court sets the following briefing schedule and hearing:a. No later than September 26, 2025, Plaintiff States may file a Supplemental Reply, limited to ten pages in length exclusive of any exhibits, to address the USDA's argument that, pursuant to 7 U.S.C. § 2020(e)(8)(A), it is entitled to receive the data sought. b. No later than September 26, 2025, USDA may file a Supplemental Opposition, limited to ten pages in length exclusive of any exhibits, to address, in the event a preliminary injunction is granted, any form of relief as an alternative to that granted in the Temporary Restraining Order. c. No later than October 3, 2025, Plaintiff States may file a response, limited to ten pages in length exclusive of any exhibits, to any such supplemental opposition. d. The Court will conduct a hearing on Plaintiff States' motion for a preliminary injunction on Thursday, October 9, 2025, at 10:00 a.m. Signed by Judge Maxine M. Chesney on September 19, 2025. (mmclc1, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 9/18/2025)

Sept. 18, 2025

Sept. 18, 2025

Clearinghouse

Set Motion and Deadlines/Hearings No NEF

Sept. 19, 2025

Sept. 19, 2025

PACER

Set/Reset Deadlines as to 59 MOTION for Preliminary Injunction; Memorandum of Law in Support. Motion Hearing set for 10/9/2025 at 10:00 AM in San Francisco, Courtroom 07, 19th Floor before Judge Maxine M. Chesney. (tl, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 9/19/2025)

Sept. 19, 2025

Sept. 19, 2025

PACER
84

AMENDED COMPLAINT FOR DECLARATORY AND INJUNCTIVE RELIEF against Brooke Rollins, U.S. Department of Agriculture's Office of Inspector General, United States Department of Agriculture, Josh Shapiro, in his official capacity as Governor of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Filed by State of Maryland, State of Wisconsin, District of Columbia, State of New York, State of New Mexico, State of California, State of Oregon, State of Michigan, State of New Jersey, State of Delaware, State of Maine, State of Arizona, State of Illinois, Commonwealth of Massachusetts, State of Minnesota, State of Nevada, State of Washington, State of Hawai'i, State of Colorado, Office of the Governor ex rel. Andy Beshear, in his official capacity as Governor of the Commonwealth of Kentucky, State of Rhode Island, State of Connecticut, Josh Shapiro, in his official capacity as Governor of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. (Buxton, Maria) (Filed on 9/22/2025) (Entered: 09/22/2025)

Sept. 22, 2025

Sept. 22, 2025

Clearinghouse
85

Ex Parte Application to Modify Temporary Restraining Order to Include Additional Plaintiff State Pennsylvania filed by Office of the Governor ex rel. Andy Beshear, in his official capacity as Governor of the Commonwealth of Kentucky, State of Maryland, Commonwealth of Massachusetts, State of Michigan, State of Minnesota, State of Nevada, State of New Jersey, State of New Mexico, State of Oregon, State of Rhode Island, State of California, State of Washington, State of Wisconsin, State of Maine, State of New York, Josh Shapiro, in his official capacity as Governor of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, State of Arizona, State of Colorado, State of Connecticut, State of Delaware, District of Columbia, State of Hawai'i, State of Illinois. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of S. Brady, # 2 Declaration of H. Pham, # 3 Proposed Order)(Bellamy, William) (Filed on 9/22/2025) (Entered: 09/22/2025)

1 Declaration of S. Brady

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2 Declaration of H. Pham

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3 Proposed Order

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Sept. 22, 2025

Sept. 22, 2025

RECAP
86

CLERK'S NOTICE - SCHEDULING ZOOM WEBINAR - SEPTEMBER 23, 2025 AT 11:00 AM. Status Conference set for 9/23/2025 at 11:00 AM in San Francisco, - Videoconference Only before Judge Maxine M. Chesney. This proceeding will be held via a Zoom webinar.Webinar Access: All counsel, members of the public, and media may access the webinar information at https://www.cand.uscourts.gov/mmc Civ LR 77-3(d). Persons granted access to court proceedings held by telephone or videoconference are reminded that photographing, recording, and rebroadcasting of court proceedings, including screenshots or other visual copying of a hearing, is absolutely prohibited.Zoom Guidance and Setup: https://www.cand.uscourts.gov/zoom/. Status Conference set for 9/23/2025 at 11:00 AM in San Francisco, - Videoconference Only before Judge Maxine M. Chesney. (This is a text-only entry generated by the court. There is no document associated with this entry.),. (tl, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 9/23/2025) (Entered: 09/23/2025)

Sept. 23, 2025

Sept. 23, 2025

PACER
87

Minute Entry for proceedings held before Judge Maxine M. Chesney: Status/Scheduling Conference held by Zoom on 9/23/2025.State of Pennsylvania's supplemental brief due by 4:00 pm (Eastern Daylight) on 9/24/2025; Defendant's Opposition due by 4:00 pm (Eastern Daylight) on 9/26/2025. State of Pennsylvania's Reply due by 4:00 pm (Eastern Daylight) on 9/29/2025. Hearing on Motion to Modify Temporary Restraining Order set for 9/30/2025 at 10:00 AM (Pacific Daylight) in San Francisco, - Videoconference Only before Judge Maxine M. Chesney. This proceeding will be held via a Zoom webinar.Webinar Access: All counsel, members of the public, and media may access the webinar information at https://www.cand.uscourts.gov/mmc Civ LR 77-3(d). Persons granted access to court proceedings held by telephone or videoconference are reminded that photographing, recording, and rebroadcasting of court proceedings, including screenshots or other visual copying of a hearing, is absolutely prohibited.Zoom Guidance and Setup: https://www.cand.uscourts.gov/zoom/.State of Pennsylvania's supplemental brief due by 4:00 pm (Eastern Daylight) on 9/24/2025; Defendant's Opposition due by 4:00 pm (Eastern Daylight) on 9/26/2025. State of Pennsylvania's Reply due by 4:00 pm (Eastern Daylight) on 9/29/2025. Hearing on Motion to Modify Temporary Restraining Order set for 9/30/2025 at 10:00 AM (Pacific Daylight) in San Francisco, - Videoconference Only before Judge Maxine M. Chesney. TDigital Recording Time: 11:00 - 11:40 - Zoom Recording. Plaintiff Attorney for State of California and appearing for all Plaintiff States: Sebastian Brady.State of Pennsylvania Attorney: Michael Fischer. Defendant Attorney: Bradley Humphreys. Attachment: Civil Minutes. (tl, COURT STAFF) (Date Filed: 9/23/2025) (Entered: 09/23/2025)

Sept. 23, 2025

Sept. 23, 2025

RECAP

Clerk's Notice AND ~Util - Teleconference Zoom

Sept. 23, 2025

Sept. 23, 2025

PACER
88

Brief re 85 Ex Parte Application to Modify Temporary Restraining Order to Include Additional Plaintiff State Pennsylvania filed byJosh Shapiro, in his official capacity as Governor of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Pham Declaration, # 2 Exhibit Fischer Declaration, # 3 Exhibit Supplemental Pham Declaration)(Related document(s) 85 ) (Fischer, Michael) (Filed on 9/24/2025) (Entered: 09/24/2025)

1 Exhibit Pham Declaration

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2 Exhibit Fischer Declaration

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3 Exhibit Supplemental Pham Declaration

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Sept. 24, 2025

Sept. 24, 2025

RECAP

Case Details

State / Territory: California

Case Type(s):

Public Benefits/Government Services

Immigration and/or the Border

Special Collection(s):

Trump Administration 2.0: Challenges to the Government

Key Dates

Filing Date: July 28, 2025

Case Ongoing: Yes

Plaintiffs

Plaintiff Description:

A coalition of states and territories, including California, New York, Arizona, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, the District of Columbia, Hawai'i, Illinois, New Mexico, Oregon, Washington, Wisconsin, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Maryland, Vermont, Rhode Island, Nevada, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and Michigan.

Plaintiff Type(s):

State Plaintiff

Public Interest Lawyer: Yes

Filed Pro Se: No

Class Action Sought: No

Class Action Outcome: Not sought

Defendants

U.S. Department of Agriculture. (- United States (national) -), Federal

U.S. Department of Agriculture Office of Inspector General (- United States (national) -), Federal

Case Details

Causes of Action:

Administrative Procedure Act, 5 U.S.C. §§ 551 et seq.

Privacy Act, 5 U.S.C. § 552a

Available Documents:

Trial Court Docket

Complaint (any)

Outcome

Prevailing Party: Plaintiff

Nature of Relief:

Preliminary injunction / Temp. restraining order

Source of Relief:

Litigation

Content of Injunction:

Preliminary relief granted

Issues

General/Misc.:

Confidentiality

Government services

Public assistance grants

Benefits (Source):

Food stamps/SNAP

Immigration/Border:

Constitutional rights