Case: United States v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania

2:25-cv-01481 | U.S. District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania

Filed Date: Sept. 25, 2025

Case Ongoing

Clearinghouse coding complete

Case Summary

Filed on September 25, 2025, in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania, United States v. Schmidt is one of six coordinated lawsuits brought by the U.S. Department of Justice, Civil Rights Division, against state election officials in Michigan, California, Texas, Florida, Georgia, and Pennsylvania. The suits allege that the states have failed to maintain accurate statewide voter registration lists and have refused to provide the Attorney General with records required un…

Filed on September 25, 2025, in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania, United States v. Schmidt is one of six coordinated lawsuits brought by the U.S. Department of Justice, Civil Rights Division, against state election officials in Michigan, California, Texas, Florida, Georgia, and Pennsylvania. The suits allege that the states have failed to maintain accurate statewide voter registration lists and have refused to provide the Attorney General with records required under federal law.

The Department sued the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and Secretary of the Commonwealth Al Schmidt in his official capacity, alleging violations of the National Voter Registration Act of 1993 (NVRA), the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (HAVA), and Title III of the Civil Rights Act of 1960 (CRA). The complaint asserts that Pennsylvania has not adequately removed ineligible voters—such as deceased individuals or those who have moved—and has refused to provide the Attorney General with a complete electronic copy of its Statewide Voter Registration List (SVRL). The requested data includes each registrant’s name, address, birth date, driver’s license number, and the last four digits of their Social Security number.

The Department sent multiple written requests between June and August 2025, which Pennsylvania declined, citing state privacy laws. The complaint argues that those laws are preempted by federal statutes, particularly given that Pennsylvania already shares identical data fields with the Electronic Registration Information Center (ERIC), a private consortium of states that maintains cross-state voter data.

The United States brings three causes of action:

  1. Civil Rights Act of 1960 (52 U.S.C. § 20703): Failure to provide election-related records upon written demand.
  2. National Voter Registration Act (52 U.S.C. § 20507(i)): Failure to disclose records related to voter list maintenance.
  3. Help America Vote Act (52 U.S.C. § 21083): Failure to maintain accurate voter registration lists and to verify applicant information.

The government seeks declaratory and injunctive relief requiring Pennsylvania to provide a complete copy of its SVRL and to ensure future compliance with the NVRA, HAVA, and CRA. The complaint does not seek monetary damages or attorneys’ fees.

This case is ongoing.

Summary Authors

Michael Vandergriff (10/9/2025)

People

For PACER's information on parties and their attorneys, see: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/71453026/parties/united-states-v-commonwealth-of-pennsylvania/


Judge(s)

Bissoon, Cathy (Pennsylvania)

Attorney for Plaintiff
Expert/Monitor/Master/Other

Cassell-Stiga, Gillian Robin (Pennsylvania)

Ford, Timothy James (Pennsylvania)

Frost, Elisabeth C. (Pennsylvania)

Lewiston, Branden D (Pennsylvania)

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Documents in the Clearinghouse

Document
1

2:25-cv-01481

Complaint

United States v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania et al.

Sept. 25, 2025

Sept. 25, 2025

Complaint

Docket

See docket on RECAP: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/71453026/united-states-v-commonwealth-of-pennsylvania/

Last updated Oct. 19, 2025, 12:46 p.m.

ECF Number Description Date Link Date / Link
1

COMPLAINT against All Defendants ( Filing fee, including Administrative fee, $405, ), filed by UNITED STATES. (Attachments: # 1 Civil Cover Sheet, # 2 Civil Cover Sheet Attachment) (Vandenberg, David) (Entered: 09/25/2025)

1 Civil Cover Sheet

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2 Civil Cover Sheet Attachment

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Sept. 25, 2025

Sept. 25, 2025

Clearinghouse
2

MOTION for attorney David D. Vandenberg to Appear Pro Hac Vice, (Filing fee $70 by UNITED STATES. (Vandenberg, David) (Entered: 09/25/2025)

Sept. 25, 2025

Sept. 25, 2025

RECAP
3

PRAECIPE to Issue Summons by UNITED STATES (Vandenberg, David) (Entered: 09/25/2025)

Sept. 25, 2025

Sept. 25, 2025

PACER
4

PRAECIPE to Issue Summons by UNITED STATES (Vandenberg, David) (Entered: 09/25/2025)

Sept. 25, 2025

Sept. 25, 2025

RECAP
5

ORDER governing procedures for motions filed under Fed. R. Civ. P. 12. See contents of this filing for instructions. Signed by Judge Cathy Bissoon on 9/25/2025. (jmm) (Entered: 09/25/2025)

Sept. 25, 2025

Sept. 25, 2025

RECAP
6

ORDER granting 2 Motion for David D. Vandenberg to Appear Pro Hac Vice. Signed by Judge Cathy Bissoon on 9/25/2025. Text-only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text-only entry constitutes the Order of the Court or Notice on the matter. (jmm) (Entered: 09/25/2025)

Sept. 25, 2025

Sept. 25, 2025

PACER

Add and Terminate Judges

Sept. 25, 2025

Sept. 25, 2025

PACER

Order on Motion to Appear Pro Hac Vice

Sept. 25, 2025

Sept. 25, 2025

PACER

Judge Cathy Bissoon added. (sms)

Sept. 25, 2025

Sept. 25, 2025

PACER
10

Errata re 8 Praecipe to Issue Summons by UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Reason for Correction: Add signature.. (Vandenberg, David) (Entered: 09/26/2025)

Sept. 26, 2025

Sept. 26, 2025

PACER
7

PRAECIPE to Issue Summons by UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (Attachments: # 1 Summons) (Vandenberg, David) (Entered: 09/26/2025)

Sept. 26, 2025

Sept. 26, 2025

PACER
8

PRAECIPE to Issue Summons by UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (Attachments: # 1 Summons) (Vandenberg, David) (Entered: 09/26/2025)

Sept. 26, 2025

Sept. 26, 2025

PACER
9

Errata re 7 Praecipe to Issue Summons by UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Reason for Correction: Add signature.. (Vandenberg, David) (Entered: 09/26/2025)

Sept. 26, 2025

Sept. 26, 2025

PACER

CLERK'S OFFICE QUALITY CONTROL MESSAGE re 3 Praecipe to Issue Summons, 4 Praecipe to Issue Summons. ERROR: The summons(es) was/were filed as the main document. CORRECTION: Attorney to refile the document with a Praecipe to Issue/Reissue Summons as the main document and the properly filled out summons(es) as an attachment(s) to the Praecipe, using the Praecipe to Issue Summons/Reissue Summons event. (jd)

Sept. 26, 2025

Sept. 26, 2025

PACER

CLERK'S OFFICE QUALITY CONTROL MESSAGE re 8 Praecipe to Issue Summons, 7 Praecipe to Issue Summons. ERROR: Typed name omitted by s/. CORRECTION: Attorney advised of signature requirements. Attorney to resubmit with signature, using Errata event. (jd)

Sept. 26, 2025

Sept. 26, 2025

PACER
11

MOTION to Intervene as Defendants by Pennsylvania Alliance for Retired Americans, Mike Crossey. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order, # 2 Exhibit A - Proposed Answer, # 3 Declaration of Mike Crossey, # 4 Certificate of Service) (Ford, Timothy) (Entered: 09/29/2025)

1 Proposed Order

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2 Exhibit A - Proposed Answer

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3 Declaration of Mike Crossey

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4 Certificate of Service

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Sept. 29, 2025

Sept. 29, 2025

RECAP
12

Disclosure Statement by Pennsylvania Alliance for Retired Americans. (Attachments: # 1 Certificate of Service) (Ford, Timothy) (Entered: 09/29/2025)

Sept. 29, 2025

Sept. 29, 2025

PACER
13

Summons Issued as to COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA, AL SCHMIDT (Attachments: # 1 Summons) (keh) (Entered: 09/29/2025)

Sept. 29, 2025

Sept. 29, 2025

PACER

w/ 11 BRIEF in Support re 11 Motion to Intervene, filed by Mike Crossey, Pennsylvania Alliance for Retired Americans. (keh)

Sept. 29, 2025

Sept. 29, 2025

PACER

CLERK'S OFFICE QUALITY CONTROL MESSAGE re 11 Motion to Intervene. ERROR: Document should have been filed as two separate documents. CORRECTION: Attorney advised in future that documents of that nature are to be filed as separate documents. Clerk of Court docketed Brief in Support. This message is for informational purposes only. (keh)

Sept. 29, 2025

Sept. 29, 2025

PACER
14

SUMMONS/Return of Service Returned Executed by UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. AL SCHMIDT served on 9/30/2025, answer due 10/21/2025. (Vandenberg, David) (Entered: 09/30/2025)

Sept. 30, 2025

Sept. 30, 2025

PACER
15

MOTION to Stay for Lapse of Appropriations by UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. (Vandenberg, David) Link added to Proposed Order filed at 16 . Modified text on 10/1/2025. (keh) (Entered: 10/01/2025)

Oct. 1, 2025

Oct. 1, 2025

RECAP
16

Proposed Order re 15 Motion to Stay for Lack of Appropriations by UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. (Vandenberg, David) (Entered: 10/01/2025)

Oct. 1, 2025

Oct. 1, 2025

PACER

CLERK'S OFFICE QUALITY CONTROL MESSAGE re 15 Motion to Stay. ERROR: Proposed Order, which is required for all motions in civil cases per Local Rule LCvR7, was not attached. CORRECTION: Attorney is advised to file a proposed order by using the Proposed Order event and linking it to the document in question. (keh)

Oct. 1, 2025

Oct. 1, 2025

PACER
17

MOTION to Intervene as Defendants by NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOPLE, NAACP Pennsylvania State Conference, STACEY TAYLOR. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of Anthony Ashton, # 2 Declaration of Stacey Taylor, # 3 Exhibit A - Proposed Answer, # 4 Certificate of Service, # 5 Proposed Order) (Smith, David) (Entered: 10/07/2025)

1 Declaration of Anthony Ashton

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2 Declaration of Stacey Taylor

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3 Exhibit A - Proposed Answer

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4 Certificate of Service

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5 Proposed Order

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Oct. 7, 2025

Oct. 7, 2025

RECAP
18

BRIEF in Support re 17 Motion to Intervene, filed by NAACP Pennsylvania State Conference, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOPLE, STACEY TAYLOR. (Attachments: # 1 Certificate of Service) (Smith, David) (Entered: 10/07/2025)

1 Certificate of Service

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Oct. 7, 2025

Oct. 7, 2025

RECAP
19

Disclosure Statement by NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOPLE. (Smith, David) (Entered: 10/07/2025)

Oct. 7, 2025

Oct. 7, 2025

PACER
20

Disclosure Statement by NAACP Pennsylvania State Conference. (Smith, David) (Entered: 10/07/2025)

Oct. 7, 2025

Oct. 7, 2025

PACER
21

MOTION for attorney Elisabeth C. Frost to Appear Pro Hac Vice, (Filing fee $70, Receipt # APAWDC-9131190) by Mike Crossey, Pennsylvania Alliance for Retired Americans. (Attachments: # 1 Affidavit of Elisabeth C. Frost) (Frost, Elisabeth) (Entered: 10/07/2025)

Oct. 7, 2025

Oct. 7, 2025

PACER
22

MOTION for attorney Jacob D. Shelly to Appear Pro Hac Vice, (Filing fee $70, Receipt # APAWDC-9131296) by Mike Crossey, Pennsylvania Alliance for Retired Americans. (Attachments: # 1 Affidavit of Jacob D. Shelly) (Shelly, Jacob) (Entered: 10/07/2025)

Oct. 7, 2025

Oct. 7, 2025

PACER
23

MOTION for attorney Branden D. Lewiston to Appear Pro Hac Vice, (Filing fee $70, Receipt # APAWDC-9131322) by Mike Crossey, Pennsylvania Alliance for Retired Americans. (Attachments: # 1 Affidavit of Branden D. Lewiston) (Lewiston, Branden) (Entered: 10/07/2025)

Oct. 7, 2025

Oct. 7, 2025

PACER
24

ORDER. Consistent with the Order in 2:25-mc-01098-MRH, granting the government's omnibus Motion to stay civil matters due to the lapse in certain appropriations, this case hereby is STAYED. The Order in 2:25-mc-01098-MRH is incorporated by reference, and counsel are directed to review the same. For the duration of the Stay, the case will be electronically CLOSED. This is a docket control device having no impact on the parties' substantive rights. Any existing CONFERENCE or DEADLINE is CANCELLED, and will be reset by future order once the stay is lifted (and the case is reopened). Accordingly, Plaintiff's 15 Motion is denied as moot. Signed by Judge Cathy Bissoon on 10/7/2025. Text-only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text-only entry constitutes the Order of the Court or Notice on the matter. (jmm) (Entered: 10/07/2025)

Oct. 7, 2025

Oct. 7, 2025

PACER

Order Staying Case AND ~Util - Terminate Civil Case

Oct. 7, 2025

Oct. 7, 2025

PACER
25

MOTION for attorney Tori Shaw to Appear Pro Hac Vice, (Filing fee $70, Receipt # APAWDC-9134184) by Mike Crossey, Pennsylvania Alliance for Retired Americans. (Attachments: # 1 Affidavit of Tori Shaw) (Shaw, Tori) (Entered: 10/08/2025)

Oct. 8, 2025

Oct. 8, 2025

PACER

CLERK'S OFFICE QUALITY CONTROL MESSAGE re 21 Motion to Appear Pro Hac Vice, 22 Motion to Appear Pro Hac Vice, 23 Motion to Appear Pro Hac Vice, 25 Motion to Appear Pro Hac Vice. ERROR: Proposed Order, which is required for all motions in civil cases per Local Rule LCvR7, was not attached. CORRECTION: Attorneys are advised to file a proposed order by using the Proposed Order event and linking it to the document in question. (keh)

Oct. 8, 2025

Oct. 8, 2025

PACER
26

Proposed Order re 21 Motion to Appear Pro Hac Vice, of Elisabeth C. Frost by Mike Crossey, Pennsylvania Alliance for Retired Americans. (Frost, Elisabeth) (Entered: 10/09/2025)

Oct. 9, 2025

Oct. 9, 2025

PACER
27

Proposed Order re 22 Motion to Appear Pro Hac Vice of Jacob D. Shelly by Mike Crossey, Pennsylvania Alliance for Retired Americans. (Shelly, Jacob) (Entered: 10/09/2025)

Oct. 9, 2025

Oct. 9, 2025

PACER
28

Proposed Order re 23 Motion to Appear Pro Hac Vice, of Branden D. Lewiston by Mike Crossey, Pennsylvania Alliance for Retired Americans. (Lewiston, Branden) (Entered: 10/09/2025)

Oct. 9, 2025

Oct. 9, 2025

PACER
29

Proposed Order re 25 Motion to Appear Pro Hac Vice of Tori Shaw by Mike Crossey, Pennsylvania Alliance for Retired Americans. (Shaw, Tori) (Entered: 10/09/2025)

Oct. 9, 2025

Oct. 9, 2025

PACER
30

ORDER granting 21 Motion for Elisabeth C. Frost to Appear Pro Hac Vice. Signed by Judge Cathy Bissoon on 10/9/2025. Text-only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text-only entry constitutes the Order of the Court or Notice on the matter. (jmm) (Entered: 10/09/2025)

Oct. 9, 2025

Oct. 9, 2025

PACER
31

ORDER granting 22 Motion for Jacob D. Shelly to Appear Pro Hac Vice. Signed by Judge Cathy Bissoon on 10/9/2025. Text-only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text-only entry constitutes the Order of the Court or Notice on the matter. (jmm) (Entered: 10/09/2025)

Oct. 9, 2025

Oct. 9, 2025

PACER
32

ORDER granting 23 Motion for Branden D. Lewiston to Appear Pro Hac Vice. Signed by Judge Cathy Bissoon on 10/9/2025. Text-only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text-only entry constitutes the Order of the Court or Notice on the matter. (jmm) (Entered: 10/09/2025)

Oct. 9, 2025

Oct. 9, 2025

PACER
33

ORDER granting 25 Motion for Tori Shaw to Appear Pro Hac Vice. Signed by Judge Cathy Bissoon on 10/9/2025. Text-only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text-only entry constitutes the Order of the Court or Notice on the matter. (jmm) (Entered: 10/09/2025)

Oct. 9, 2025

Oct. 9, 2025

PACER
34

MOTION for attorney Gillian Cassell-Stiga to Appear Pro Hac Vice, (Filing fee $70, Receipt # APAWDC-9136183) by NAACP Pennsylvania State Conference, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOPLE, STACEY TAYLOR. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration, # 2 Proposed Order) (Cassell-Stiga, Gillian) (Entered: 10/09/2025)

Oct. 9, 2025

Oct. 9, 2025

PACER
35

ORDER granting 34 Motion for Gillian Cassell-Stiga to Appear Pro Hac Vice. Signed by Judge Cathy Bissoon on 10/9/2025. Text-only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text-only entry constitutes the Order of the Court or Notice on the matter. (jmm) (Entered: 10/09/2025)

Oct. 9, 2025

Oct. 9, 2025

PACER
36

MOTION to Intervene as Defendants by NICHOLAS MASTON, GREGORY PERRY, TODD THATCHER, JOEL DICKSON, TRISHA KENT, LIOR STERNFELD, JOHN THOMPSON, THE LEAGUE OF WOMEN VOTERS OF PENNSYLVANIA, COMMON CAUSE. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order, # 2 Exhibit A, # 3 Exhibit B, # 4 Exhibit C, # 5 Exhibit D, # 6 Exhibit E, # 7 Exhibit F, # 8 Exhibit G, # 9 Exhibit H, # 10 Exhibit I, # 11 Exhibit J - PROPOSED ANSWER) (Walczak, Witold) (Entered: 10/09/2025)

1 Proposed Order

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2 Exhibit A

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3 Exhibit B

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4 Exhibit C

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5 Exhibit D

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6 Exhibit E

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7 Exhibit F

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8 Exhibit G

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9 Exhibit H

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10 Exhibit I

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11 Exhibit J - PROPOSED ANSWER

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Oct. 9, 2025

Oct. 9, 2025

RECAP
37

BRIEF in Support re 36 Motion to Intervene, filed by COMMON CAUSE, JOEL DICKSON, TRISHA KENT, NICHOLAS MASTON, GREGORY PERRY, LIOR STERNFELD, TODD THATCHER, THE LEAGUE OF WOMEN VOTERS OF PENNSYLVANIA, JOHN THOMPSON. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit 1, # 2 Exhibit 2, # 3 Exhibit 3, # 4 Exhibit 4, # 5 Exhibit 5, # 6 Exhibit 6) (Walczak, Witold) (Entered: 10/09/2025)

1 Exhibit 1

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2 Exhibit 2

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3 Exhibit 3

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4 Exhibit 4

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5 Exhibit 5

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6 Exhibit 6

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Oct. 9, 2025

Oct. 9, 2025

RECAP

Order on Motion to Appear Pro Hac Vice

Oct. 9, 2025

Oct. 9, 2025

PACER
38

MOTION for attorney Grace Thomas to Appear Pro Hac Vice, (Filing fee $70, Receipt # APAWDC-9138154) by NAACP Pennsylvania State Conference, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOPLE, STACEY TAYLOR. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration, # 2 Proposed Order) (Thomas, Grace) (Entered: 10/10/2025)

Oct. 10, 2025

Oct. 10, 2025

PACER
39

Appear Pro Hac Vice (for Attorney filers only, Credit Card required)

Oct. 14, 2025

Oct. 14, 2025

PACER
40

Appear Pro Hac Vice (for Attorney filers only, Credit Card required)

Oct. 14, 2025

Oct. 14, 2025

PACER
42

Appear Pro Hac Vice (for Attorney filers only, Credit Card required)

Oct. 16, 2025

Oct. 16, 2025

PACER

Order on Motion to Appear Pro Hac Vice

Oct. 17, 2025

Oct. 17, 2025

PACER

Case Details

State / Territory: Pennsylvania

Case Type(s):

Presidential/Gubernatorial Authority

Election/Voting Rights

Special Collection(s):

Trump Administration 2.0: Challenges to the Government

Trump Administration 2.0: Litigation and Investigations Involving the Government

Key Dates

Filing Date: Sept. 25, 2025

Case Ongoing: Yes

Plaintiffs

Plaintiff Description:

Department of Justice, Civil Rights Section.

Plaintiff Type(s):

U.S. Dept of Justice plaintiff

Attorney Organizations:

U.S. Dept. of Justice Civil Rights Division

Public Interest Lawyer: Yes

Filed Pro Se: No

Class Action Sought: No

Class Action Outcome: Not sought

Defendants

Al Schmidt, Secretary of State, State

Defendant Type(s):

Law-enforcement

Case Details

Causes of Action:

National Voter Registration Act ("Motor Voter law"), 52 U.S.C. § 20501 (previously 42 U.S.C. § 1973gg)

Civil Rights Act of 1957/1960, 52 U.S.C. § 10101 (previously 42 U.S.C. § 1971)

Help America Vote Act (HAVA), 52 U.S.C. § 20901 et seq (previously 42 U.S.C. § 15301 et seq)

Available Documents:

Trial Court Docket

Complaint (any)

Outcome

Prevailing Party: None Yet / None

Nature of Relief:

Document/information produced

Source of Relief:

Litigation

Issues

Voting:

Voter registration rules