Case: People of the State of Michigan v. BP P.L.C.

1:26-cv-00254 | U.S. District Court for the Western District of Michigan

Filed Date: Jan. 23, 2026

Case Ongoing

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Case Summary

This case is an antitrust action that alleges that Exxon, Chevron, BP, and Shell have engaged in a decades-long coordinated strategy to suppress competition from renewable energy. The State of Michigan brought this antitrust lawsuit on January 23, 2026, in U.S. District Court for the Western District of Michigan against several major fossil fuel companies, Exxon, Chevron, BP and Shell (the "Fossil Fuel Defendants"), and their trade association, the American Petroleum Institute (API). The plaint…

This case is an antitrust action that alleges that Exxon, Chevron, BP, and Shell have engaged in a decades-long coordinated strategy to suppress competition from renewable energy.

The State of Michigan brought this antitrust lawsuit on January 23, 2026, in U.S. District Court for the Western District of Michigan against several major fossil fuel companies, Exxon, Chevron, BP and Shell (the "Fossil Fuel Defendants"), and their trade association, the American Petroleum Institute (API). The plaintiff alleged that the defendants conspired to restrain competition from renewable energy for decades, unlawfully delaying the transition away from fossil fuels and inflating energy prices for Michigan consumers. The complaint outlines several allegations against the defendants, including that they have conspired to reduce the innovation and output of renewable energy substitutes to maintain their dominance in the energy market, despite being aware that fossil fuel use would cause destructive climate impacts since the 1970s, that they used aggressive patent litigation to suppress electric vehicle technologies, that they acted to stifle solar energy technology and divert capital toward initiatives that entrench fossil fuels, and that they orchestrated a disinformation campaign to manufacture doubt about climate science and the viability of clean energy. Finally, the complaint alleged that the defendants engaged in criminal hacking and "hack-for-hire" operations to surveil and intimidate activists, watchdogs, and public officials seeking to investigate the cartel's conduct. But for this conspiracy, the State argues that renewable primary energy would have reached scale years earlier, and that because of the defendants' conduct, Michigan consumers have been denied meaningful choice and have been forced to pay supracompetitive prices for energy. The State alleged that the defendants' conduct constituted a violation of Section 1 of the Sherman Act, Sections 4 and 16 of the Clayton Act, and the Michigan Antitrust Reform Act. The State sought damages for overcharges and harms suffered by the State and its residents, permanent injunction relief to end the anticompetitive conduct, disgorgement of all profits obtained through the conspiracy, and equitable relief.

This case was originally assigned to District Judge Paul L. Maroney. However, on January 28, 2026, Judge Maroney recused himself due to a potential conflict, and the case was reassigned to District Judge Jane Marie Beckering.

On January 23, 2026, the State notified the court that United States v. Michigan, Civil Action No. 1:25-cv-496 is potentially related to this case, as it arose from the same or similar occurrences and involves one or more of the same parties.

On January 26, 2026, the defendants responded to the plaintiff's notice of related cases. The defendants notified the court that on January 24, United States v. Michigan was dismissed in its entirety for lack of subject matter jurisdiction.

This case is ongoing

Summary Authors

Sofia Yoder (2/21/2026)

People

For PACER's information on parties and their attorneys, see: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/72179920/parties/people-of-the-state-of-michigan-v-bp-plc/


Judge(s)
Attorney for Plaintiff

Asciolla, Gregory S. (Michigan)

Beran, Katie (Michigan)

Bettenhausen, Margaret (Michigan)

Blake, Emma (Michigan)

Attorney for Defendant

Allen, Matthew Philip (Michigan)

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Documents in the Clearinghouse

Document
1

1:26-cv-00254

Complaint

The People of the State of Michigan v. BP P.L.C.

Jan. 23, 2026

Jan. 23, 2026

Complaint

Docket

See docket on RECAP: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/72179920/people-of-the-state-of-michigan-v-bp-plc/

Last updated Feb. 21, 2026, 2:14 p.m.

ECF Number Description Date Link Date / Link
1

COMPLAINT with jury trial demand against All Defendants filed by People of the State of Michigan (Attachments: # 1 Summons) (Synk, Polly) Modified text on 1/26/2026 (mlc) (Entered: 01/23/2026)

1 Summons Summons

View on PACER

Jan. 23, 2026

Jan. 23, 2026

Clearinghouse
2

NOTICE re 1 Notice of Related Case by plaintiff People of the State of Michigan, The (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order Proposed Order) (Synk, Polly) (Entered: 01/23/2026)

1 Proposed Order Proposed Order

View on PACER

Jan. 23, 2026

Jan. 23, 2026

RECAP
3

CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE by plaintiff People of the State of Michigan, The re complaint 1, Notice (Other) 2 (Synk, Polly) (Entered: 01/23/2026)

Jan. 23, 2026

Jan. 23, 2026

Filing Fee (Civil Case) - Credit Card Payment

Jan. 23, 2026

Jan. 23, 2026

FILING FEE PAID re 1 by plaintiff People of the State of Michigan, The in the amount of $405, receipt number AMIWDC-7960789 (Synk, Polly)

Jan. 23, 2026

Jan. 23, 2026

(NON-DOCUMENT) ATTORNEY APPEARANCE of Elizabeth Anne Morrisseau on behalf of plaintiff People of the State of Michigan, The (Morrisseau, Elizabeth)

Jan. 23, 2026

Jan. 23, 2026

(NON-DOCUMENT) ATTORNEY APPEARANCE of Margaret Bettenhausen on behalf of plaintiff People of the State of Michigan, The (Bettenhausen, Margaret)

Jan. 23, 2026

Jan. 23, 2026

4

RESPONSE TO Plaintiff's Notice of Related Case filed by defendants Chevron Corporation, Chevron U.S.A. Inc. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A - Opinion and Order) (Allen, Matthew) (Entered: 01/26/2026)

1 Exhibit A - Opinion and Order

View on PACER

Jan. 26, 2026

Jan. 26, 2026

RECAP
6

NOTICE that this case has been assigned to Paul L. Maloney (mlc) (Entered: 01/26/2026)

Jan. 26, 2026

Jan. 26, 2026

7

SUMMONS ISSUED as to defendants American Petroleum Institute, BP America Inc., BP Energy Company, BP Energy Retail Company LLC, BP P.L.C., BP Products North America Inc., Chevron Corporation, Chevron U.S.A. Inc., Equilon Enterprises LLC, Exxon Mobil Corporation, ExxonMobil Oil Corporation, Shell Oil Products Company LLC, Shell P.L.C., Shell Trading (US) Company, Shell USA, Inc. (mlc) (Entered: 01/26/2026)

Jan. 26, 2026

Jan. 26, 2026

(NON-DOCUMENT) ATTORNEY APPEARANCE of Matthew Philip Allen on behalf of defendants Chevron Corporation, Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Limited to Filing a Response to Plaintiff's Notice of Related Case (Allen, Matthew)

Jan. 26, 2026

Jan. 26, 2026

(NON-DOCUMENT) ATTORNEY APPEARANCE of Thomas W. Cranmer on behalf of defendants Chevron Corporation, Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Limited to Filing a Response to Plaintiff's Notice of Related Case (Cranmer, Thomas)

Jan. 26, 2026

Jan. 26, 2026

8

ORDER OF RECUSAL: District Judge Paul L. Maloney recused from this case; case to be reassigned; signed by District Judge Paul L. Maloney (Judge Paul L. Maloney, acr) (Entered: 01/28/2026)

Jan. 28, 2026

Jan. 28, 2026

RECAP
9

NOTICE that this case is reassigned to District Judge Jane M. Beckering for all further proceedings pursuant to Order 8 by Judge Paul L. Maloney ; Judge Paul L. Maloney no longer assigned to the case (mlc) (Entered: 01/28/2026)

Jan. 28, 2026

Jan. 28, 2026

11

Stipulation and Order (Proposed-one document)

Feb. 19, 2026

Feb. 19, 2026

RECAP

(NON-DOCUMENT) ATTORNEY APPEARANCE of Brian David Schmalzbach on behalf of defendant American Petroleum Institute (Schmalzbach, Brian)

Feb. 20, 2026

Feb. 20, 2026

(NON-DOCUMENT) ATTORNEY APPEARANCE of Scott Martin on behalf of plaintiff People of the State of Michigan (Martin, Scott)

Feb. 20, 2026

Feb. 20, 2026

(NON-DOCUMENT) ATTORNEY APPEARANCE of Emma Blake on behalf of plaintiff People of the State of Michigan (Blake, Emma)

Feb. 20, 2026

Feb. 20, 2026

(NON-DOCUMENT) ATTORNEY APPEARANCE of Katie Beran on behalf of plaintiff People of the State of Michigan (Beran, Katie)

Feb. 20, 2026

Feb. 20, 2026

(NON-DOCUMENT) ATTORNEY APPEARANCE of Timothy Lockwood Kelly on behalf of plaintiff People of the State of Michigan (Kelly, Timothy)

Feb. 20, 2026

Feb. 20, 2026

Case Details

State / Territory:

Michigan

Case Type(s):

Environmental Justice

Special Collection(s):

Trump Administration 2.0: Litigation and Investigations Involving the Government

Key Dates

Filing Date: Jan. 23, 2026

Case Ongoing: Yes

Plaintiffs

Plaintiff Description:

The State of Michigan

Plaintiff Type(s):

State Plaintiff

Public Interest Lawyer: No

Filed Pro Se: No

Class Action Sought: No

Class Action Outcome: Not sought

Defendants

BP P.L.C (- United States (national) -), Private Entity/Person

CHEVRON CORPORATION (- United States (national) -), Private Entity/Person

EXXON MOBIL CORPORATION (- United States (national) -), Private Entity/Person

SHELL P.L.C. (- United States (national) -), Private Entity/Person

AMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE, (- United States (national) -), Private Entity/Person

Case Details

Causes of Action:

State law

Other Dockets:

Western District of Michigan 1:26-cv-00254

Available Documents:

Complaint (any)

Trial Court Docket

Outcome

Prevailing Party: None Yet / None

Relief Sought:

Damages

Declaratory judgment

Injunction

Relief Granted:

None yet

Source of Relief:

None yet

Issues

Environmental Justice and Resources:

Petroleum and petroleum byproducts