Case: M.R. v. Dreyfus

2:10-cv-02052 | U.S. District Court for the Western District of Washington

Filed Date: Dec. 23, 2010

Closed Date: Sept. 20, 2013

Clearinghouse coding complete

Case Summary

This federal lawsuit is a challenge to a reduction in in-home personal care hours provided to eligible Medicaid recipients in Washington. The plaintiffs in this case were individuals with disabilities who receive in-home personal care and would risk institutionalization if the amount of in-home care is insufficient to meet their care needs (which were determined by the state's individualized assessment process under Medicaid). There are also three organizational plaintiffs which serve individua…

This federal lawsuit is a challenge to a reduction in in-home personal care hours provided to eligible Medicaid recipients in Washington. The plaintiffs in this case were individuals with disabilities who receive in-home personal care and would risk institutionalization if the amount of in-home care is insufficient to meet their care needs (which were determined by the state's individualized assessment process under Medicaid). There are also three organizational plaintiffs which serve individuals with disabilities in Washington.

After Washington announced its reduction of care hours (deemed necessary to control state spending), the plaintiffs filed a complaint in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Washington on December 23, 2010 and sought to prevent the reductions from taking effect by filing an accompanying motion for a temporary restraining order and preliminary injunction. On December 30, District Judge Thomas S. Zilly denied the motion for a temporary restraining order. The United States filed a statement of interest supporting the plaintiffs' motion for preliminary injunction in January 2011. After some scheduling issues and minor motions, Judge Zilly denied the plaintiffs' motion for preliminary injunction on February 9, 2011. The plaintiffs then appealed this decision to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit.

In December 2011, Judge William Fletcher, writing for a 2-1 majority, reversed the District Court's denial of the plaintiff's motion for preliminary injunction. Judge Fletcher's opinion held that the plaintiffs had demonstrated a likelihood of success on the merits of their ADA claims, and that they would suffer irreparable harm without an injunction. In June 2012, the Ninth Circuit declined to rehear the case en banc.

In October 2012, Washington Governor Christine Gregoire decided not to appeal the denial of preliminary injunction to the U.S. Supreme Court, thanks in part to an advocacy effort on the part of disability rights organizations.

On May 23, 2013, defendants moved for partial summary judgment on the Due Process claims. Plaintiffs filed a cross-motion for partial summary judgment on June 17. The parties jointly moved to withdraw their motions on July 18, 2013 to engage in settlement discussions aimed at resolving the case. The court granted their joint motion on July 22. The parties reached a settlement agreement, and the court dismissed the case on September 20, 2013, leaving open the option for parties to reopen the case within 60 days. Since neither party did so, the case is presumably closed. The exact terms of the settlement agreement are unknown.

Summary Authors

Beth Kurtz (11/9/2012)

Elizabeth Heise (11/11/2018)

People

For PACER's information on parties and their attorneys, see: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/4410752/parties/mr-v-dreyfus/


Judge(s)

Bea, Carlos T. (California)

Attorney for Plaintiff

Berzon, Stephen P. (California)

Attorney for Defendant

Bashford, Jonathon (Washington)

Expert/Monitor/Master/Other

Bailey, Regan Monica (Maryland)

Bird, Melinda R. (California)

Documents in the Clearinghouse

Documents in this case

2:10-cv-02052

Docket

Jan. 30, 2018

Jan. 30, 2018

Docket
11

2:10-cv-02052

Motion for Temporary Restraining Order and Preliminary Injunction

Dec. 23, 2010

Dec. 23, 2010

Pleading / Motion / Brief
61

2:10-cv-02052

Amended Complaint for Declaratory and Injunctive Relief

Dec. 31, 2010

Dec. 31, 2010

Complaint
76

2:10-cv-02052

Order Denying Temporary Restraining Order

Jan. 5, 2011

Jan. 5, 2011

Order/Opinion

2011 WL 31553

95

2:10-cv-02052

Motion for Preliminary Injunction

Jan. 21, 2011

Jan. 21, 2011

Pleading / Motion / Brief
171

2:10-cv-02052

Order Denying Preliminary Injunction

Feb. 9, 2011

Feb. 9, 2011

Order/Opinion

767 F.Supp.2d 1149

2:10-cv-02052

Ninth Circuit Opinion

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit

Dec. 16, 2011

Dec. 16, 2011

Order/Opinion

663 F.3d 1100

2:10-cv-02052

Order Amending Opinion and Denying Rehearing

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit

June 18, 2012

June 18, 2012

Order/Opinion

697 F.3d 706

269

2:10-cv-02052

Defendants' Motion for Partial Summary Judgment On Due Process Claims (GRANTED)

May 23, 2013

May 23, 2013

Pleading / Motion / Brief

Docket

See docket on RECAP: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/4410752/mr-v-dreyfus/

Last updated July 29, 2026, 7 a.m.

Docket for: M.R. v. Dreyfus
ECF Number Date Description Link
March 28, 2006

Summons Issued as to COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION, ALLEN D. BIEHLER. (sdp) (Entered: 03/28/2006)

PACER
2 May 26, 2006

SUMMONS/Return of Service Returned Executed by FELICIA BONGIORNO. COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA, OFFICE OF ATTORNEY GENERAL served on 3/30/2006, answer due 4/19/2006. (Attachments: # 1 Affidavit service)(Markham, Craig) Modified on 5/30/2006 to edit office served(dm). (Entered: 05/26/2006)

PACER
3 May 26, 2006

SUMMONS/Return of Service Returned Executed by FELICIA BONGIORNO. ALLEN D. BIEHLER served on 4/6/2006, answer due 4/26/2006. (Attachments: # 1 Affidavit service)(Markham, Craig) (Entered: 05/26/2006)

PACER
4 May 26, 2006

SUMMONS/Return of Service Returned Executed by FELICIA BONGIORNO. COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION served on 4/6/2006, answer due 4/26/2006. (Attachments: # 1 Affidavit service)(Markham, Craig) (Entered: 05/26/2006)

PACER
5 May 26, 2006

SUMMONS/Return of Service Returned Executed by FELICIA BONGIORNO. COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA OFFICE OF ATTORNEY GENERAL served on 4/3/2006, answer due 4/26/2006. (Attachments: # 1 Affidavit service)(Markham, Craig) Modified on 5/30/2006 to edit office served (dm). (Entered: 05/26/2006)

PACER
6 May 30, 2006

MOTION for Extension of Time to File Answer re 1 Complaint, filed by KATHY A. HERTZOG,, MARY ANN PARSNIK,, MICHAEL L. EAKIN,, MARY KRUG,, PAUL PECUNAS,, SANDRA FULLER,, FELICIA BONGIORNO,, STEPHEN CLARK,, VOICES FOR INDEPENDENCE, (VFI),, JAY SHUFFSTALL,, CAROLYN A. CREHAN,, MELVIN BORREO,, JILL HRINDA−PATTEN,, B. LYNNE VESTAL, by COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION, ALLEN D. BIEHLER. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Bradley, Scott) (Entered: 05/30/2006)

PACER
7 May 30, 2006

MOTION for Extension of Time to File Answer by COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION, ALLEN D. BIEHLER. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Bradley, Scott) (Entered: 05/30/2006)

PACER
8 May 30, 2006

ORDER granting 6 Motion for Extension of Time to Answer COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION answer due 6/29/2006; ALLEN D. BIEHLER answer due 6/29/2006. Signed by Judge Sean J. McLaughlin on 5/30/06. (nk) (Entered: 05/30/2006)

PACER
9 June 29, 2006

ANSWER to Complaint with Jury Demand by COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION, ALLEN D. BIEHLER.(Bradley, Scott) Modified on 6/30/2006 (sdp). JURY DEMAND not listed in document. JURY DEMAND REMOVED until Request filed. (Entered: 06/29/2006)

PACER
10 June 29, 2006

PRELIMINARY SCHEDULING ORDER Rule 26 Meeting Report due by 7/13/2006; Proposed Pretrial Order due by 8/14/2006; Case Management Conference set for 8/23/2006 at 10:00 AM in Courtroom C before Judge Sean J. McLaughlin. Signed by Judge Sean J. McLaughlin on 6/29/06. (nk) (Entered: 06/29/2006)

PACER
11 June 30, 2006

DEMAND for Trial by Jury by COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION, ALLEN D. BIEHLER. (Bradley, Scott) (Entered: 06/30/2006)

PACER
June 30, 2006

CLERK'S OFFICE QUALITY CONTROL MESSAGE. re 9 Answer to Complaint ERROR: Jury demand is not present in the document CORRECTION: to file a Request for Jury Demand. This message is for informational purposes only. (sdp) (Entered: 06/30/2006)

PACER
Aug. 18, 2006

TEXT NOTICE of Case Management Conference; PLEASE TAKE NOTICE THAT THE Case Management Conference previously set for 8/23/06 has been RESCHEDULED for 8/22/2006 AT 10:00 AM in Courtroom C before Judge Sean J. McLaughlin. Text−only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text−only entry constitutes the Court's order or notice on the matter. (nk) (Entered: 08/18/2006)

PACER
13 Aug. 22, 2006

CASE MANAGEMENT ORDER: Discovery due by 12/19/2006 Plaintiff Pretrial Statement due by 1/8/2007. Defendant Pretrial Statement due by 1/29/2007. Summary Judgment due by 1/8/2007. Response to Summary Judgment due by 1/29/2007. Signed by Judge Sean J. McLaughlin on 8/22/06. (nk) (Entered: 08/22/2006)

PACER
Aug. 22, 2006

TEXT NOTICE of Status Conference; PLEASE TAKE NOTICE THAT a Status Conference is set for 9/13/2006 at 9:30 AM in Courtroom C before Judge Sean J. McLaughlin. Text−only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text−only entry constitues the Court's order or notice on the matter. (nk) (Entered: 08/22/2006)

PACER
Aug. 22, 2006

Text Minute Entry for proceedings held before Judge Sean J. McLaughlin : Case Management Conference held on 8/22/2006. Case Mangement Order to follow; Stats conference set for 9/13/06 at 9:30 am. Text−only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text−only entry constitues the Court's order or notice on the matter. (Court Reporter Ron Bench.)(nk) (Entered: 08/22/2006)

PACER
14 Sept. 7, 2006

First AMENDED COMPLAINT against all defendants. all defendants, filed by JAY SHUFFSTALL, CAROLYN A. CREHAN, KATHY A. HERTZOG, PAUL PECUNAS, SANDRA FULLER, MARY ANN PARSNIK, PAT WEAVER, FELICIA BONGIORNO, MELVIN BORREO, STEPHEN CLARK, JILL HRINDA−PATTEN, MARY KRUG, B. LYNNE VESTAL, VOICES FOR INDEPENDENCE, (VFI), MICHAEL L. EAKIN. (Attachments: # 1 Summons City of Erie# 2 Summons City of Meadville)(Markham, Craig) (Entered: 09/07/2006)

PACER
15 Sept. 7, 2006

STIPULATION re 14 Amended Complaint, CONSENT TO FILING OF AMENDED COMPLAINT by JAY SHUFFSTALL, CAROLYN A. CREHAN, KATHY A. HERTZOG, PAUL PECUNAS, SANDRA FULLER, MARY ANN PARSNIK, PAT WEAVER, FELICIA BONGIORNO, MELVIN BORREO, STEPHEN CLARK, JILL HRINDA−PATTEN, MARY KRUG, B. LYNNE VESTAL, VOICES FOR INDEPENDENCE, (VFI), MICHAEL L. EAKIN. (Markham, Craig) (Entered: 09/07/2006)

PACER
Sept. 7, 2006

TEXT NOTICE of Status Conference. PLEASE TAKE NOTICE that the Status Conference set for 9/13/2006 will be held at 9:15 AM in Courtroom C before Judge Sean J. McLaughlin. The Attorney General's office will participate by phone. Text−only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text−only entry constitues the Court's order or notice on the matter.(nk) (Entered: 09/07/2006)

PACER
Sept. 8, 2006

CLERK'S OFFICE QUALITY CONTROL MESSAGE. re 15 Stipulation,. ERROR: Signature on document and filer do not match. CORRECTION: Attorney advised of signature requirements. Attorney to resubmit the document using the Errata event. This message is for informational purposes only., CLERK'S OFFICE QUALITY CONTROL MESSAGE. ERROR: Wrong event selected. CORRECTION: The proper attorney should refile this as a consent. (sdp) (Entered: 09/08/2006)

PACER
Sept. 8, 2006

Summons Issued as to CITY OF ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA, CITY OF MEADVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA. (sdp) (Entered: 09/08/2006)

PACER
Sept. 13, 2006

Text Minute Entry for proceedings held before Judge Sean J. McLaughlin : Status Conference held on 9/13/2006. Another Status Conference will be held on 10/6/06 at 2:30 pm. Text−only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text−only entry constitutes the Courts order or notice on the matter. (Court Reporter Ron Bench.) (nk) (Entered: 09/13/2006)

PACER
Sept. 13, 2006

TEXT NOTICE of Status Conference set for 10/6/2006 02:30 PM in Courtroom C before Sean J. McLaughlin. Text−only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text−only entry constitutes the Courts order or notice on the matter.(nk) (Entered: 09/13/2006)

PACER
17 Sept. 15, 2006

SUMMONS/Return of Service Returned Executed by JAY SHUFFSTALL, CAROLYN A. CREHAN, KATHY A. HERTZOG, PAUL PECUNAS, SANDRA FULLER, MARY ANN PARSNIK, PAT WEAVER, FELICIA BONGIORNO, MELVIN BORREO, STEPHEN CLARK, JILL HRINDA−PATTEN, MARY KRUG, B. LYNNE VESTAL, VOICES FOR INDEPENDENCE, (VFI), MICHAEL L. EAKIN. CITY OF MEADVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA served on 9/14/2006, answer due 10/4/2006. (Markham, Craig) (Entered: 09/15/2006)

PACER
18 Sept. 27, 2006

ANSWER to Amended Complaint by CITY OF ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA.(Villella, Gerald) (Entered: 09/27/2006)

PACER
Sept. 29, 2006

NOTICE of Hearing Status Conference; PLEASE TAKE NOTICE that a TELEPHONIC status conference has been scheduled for 10/2/2006 at 1:30 PM before Judge Sean J. McLaughlin. Attorney Markham will initiate the call, with all counsel on the and call the conference line at 814−464−9615. Also, please take note that the Status Conference previously set for 10/6/06 at 2:30 pm has been changed to 11:00 in Courtroom C, before the Honorable Sean J. McLaughlin. Text−only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text−only entry constitutes the Courts order or notice on the matter(nk) (Entered: 09/29/2006)

PACER
Oct. 2, 2006

Text Minute Entry for proceedings held before Judge Sean J. McLaughlin : Status Conference held on 10/2/2006. Status Conference previously scheduled for 10/6/06 at 10:00 am has been RESCHEDULED for 10/12/06 at 9:00 am. Oral Order that Parties are to meet and confer with their positions before the next Status Conference. Text−only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text−only entry constitutes the Court's order or notice on the matter.(Court Reporter Ron Bench.) (nk) (Entered: 10/02/2006)

PACER
Oct. 2, 2006

Text NOTICE of Status Conference set for 10/12/2006 at 9:00 AM in Courtroom C before Judge Sean J. McLaughlin. Text−only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text−only entry constitutes the Court's order or notice on the matter.(nk) (Entered: 10/02/2006)

PACER
19 Oct. 4, 2006

ANSWER to Amended Complaint by CITY OF MEADVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA. (Attachments: # 1 Certificate of Service)(Hotchkiss, David) (Entered: 10/04/2006)

PACER
20 Oct. 12, 2006

Minute Entry for proceedings held before Judge Sean J. McLaughlin : Status Conference held on 10/12/2006. City of Meadville and Commonwealth in two weeks from today shall submit a proposed settlement agreement as to their positions. Plaintiff and the City of Erie will identify the intersections that remain in dispute within the next two weeks. Telephonic Status conference will be held in following weeks. Notice of Status Conference will be sent. (Court Reporter Ron Bench.) (nk) Modified on 10/13/2006 (dm). (Entered: 10/12/2006)

PACER
Oct. 12, 2006

TEXT NOTICE of Telephonic Status Conference set for 11/2/2006 at 1:30 PM in Courtroom C before Judge Sean J. McLaughlin. PLEASE TAKE NOTICE that a telephonic status conference has been scheduled; Attorney Markham will initiate the call, with all counsel on the line and call the conference line at 814−464−9615. Text−only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text−only entry constitutes the Court's order or notice on the matter(nk) (Entered: 10/12/2006)

PACER
Oct. 19, 2006

TEXT NOTICE of TELEPHONIC Status Conference set for 11/2/2006 PLEASE TAKE NOTICE THAT the telephonic status conference set for 11/2/06 has been moved to 10:00 AM before Judge Sean J. McLaughlin. Attorney Markham will initiate the call, with all counsel on the line and call the conference line at 814−464−9615. Text−only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text−only entry constitutes the Court's order or notice on the matter (nk) (Entered: 10/19/2006)

PACER
Nov. 2, 2006

TEXT Minute Entry for proceedings held before Judge Sean J. McLaughlin : Status Conference held on 11/2/2006. Telephonic Status Conference scheduled for 11/17/06 at 9:30 am. Attorney Markham will initiate the call. Text−only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text−only entry constitutes the Court's order or notice on the matter(Court Reporter Ron Bench.) (nk) (Entered: 11/02/2006)

PACER
Nov. 2, 2006

TEXT NOTICE of Telephonic Status Conference set for 11/17/2006 at 9:30 AM in before Judge Sean J. McLaughlin. Attorney Markham will initiate the call will all counsel on the line and call the Conference line at 814−464−9615. Text−only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text−only entry constitutes the Court's order or notice on the matter(nk) (Entered: 11/02/2006)

PACER
Nov. 15, 2006

TEXT NOTICE of Status Conference; PLEASE TAKE NOTICE that the TELEPHONIC STATUS CONFERENCE scheduled for 11/17/2006 will be at 8:30 AM before Judge Sean J. McLaughlin. Attorney Markham will initiate the call with all counsel on the line and call the Conference line at 814−464−9615. Text−only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text−only entry constitutes the Court's order or notice on the matter.(nk) (Entered: 11/15/2006)

PACER
Nov. 17, 2006

Text Minute Entry for proceedings held before Judge Sean J. McLaughlin : Status Conference held on 11/17/2006. Final Settlement conference is set for 12/6/06 at 1:00 pm. Text−only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text−only entry constitutes the Court's order or notice on the matter. (Court Reporter Ron Bench.) (nk) (Entered: 11/17/2006)

PACER
Nov. 17, 2006

TEXT NOTICE of Settlement Conference; PLEASE TAKE NOTICE that a Settlement Conference is scheduled for 12/6/2006 at 1:00 PM in Courtroom C before Judge Sean J. McLaughlin. Text−only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text−only entry constitutes the Court's order or notice on the matter.(nk) (Entered: 11/17/2006)

PACER
Dec. 6, 2006

Text Minute Entry for proceedings held before Judge Sean J. McLaughlin : Status Conference held on 12/6/2006. Defendant's City of Meadville and the States Summary Judgement due 30 days from today; Plaintiff's response due 30 days thereafter. Another Status/Settlement conference for City of Erie, Penn Dot and Plaintiff is scheduled for 1/3/07 at 2:30 pm. Text−only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text−only entry constitutes the Court's order or notice on the matter.(Court Reporter Ron Bench.) (nk) (Entered: 12/06/2006)

PACER
Dec. 7, 2006

Text−only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text−only entry constitutes the Court's order or notice on the matter. NOTICE of Settlement Conference set for 1/3/2007 at 2:30 PM in Courtroom C before Judge Sean J. McLaughlin. (nk) (Entered: 12/07/2006)

PACER
Dec. 12, 2006

TEXT NOTICE of Settlement Conference; PLEASE TAKE NOTICE that the Settlement Conference in this case has been RESCHEDULED for 1/17/2007 at 2:30 PM in Courtroom C before Judge Sean J. McLaughlin. Text−only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text−only entry constitutes the Court's order or notice on the matter.(nk) (Entered: 12/12/2006)

PACER
22 Dec. 21, 2006

Joint MOTION for Entry of Settlement Agreement by CITY OF MEADVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Settlement Agreement)(Hotchkiss, David) (Entered: 12/21/2006)

PACER
23 Dec. 22, 2006

ORDER granting 22 Motion for Entry of Settlement Agreement. Signed by Judge Sean J. McLaughlin on 12/22/06. (nk) (Entered: 12/22/2006)

PACER
24 Dec. 22, 2006

TRANSCRIPT of Settlement Conference Proceedings held on 12/6/2006 before Judge Sean J. McLaughlin. Court Reporter: Ron Bench. The parties have five (5) business days to file with the court a Notice of Intent to Request Redaction of this transcript. If no such Notice is filed, the transcript may be made remotely, electronically available to the public without redaction. Any party needing a copy of the transcript to review for redaction purposes may purchase a copy from the court or the court reporter/transcriber. Notice of Intent for Redaction of Personal Data Identifiers due by

PACER
26 Jan. 5, 2007

BRIEF in Support re 25 MOTION for Summary Judgment filed by COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION, ALLEN D. BIEHLER. (Bradley, Scott) (Entered: 01/05/2007)

PACER
27 Jan. 5, 2007

MOTION for Partial Summary Judgment by CITY OF MEADVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit B − Memorandum in Support of Motion for Partial Summary Judgment# 2 Exhibit A − Affidavit of Joseph A. Chriest# 3 Certificate of Service)(Hotchkiss, David) (Entered: 01/05/2007)

PACER
28 Jan. 5, 2007

STATEMENT OF FACTS 27 Motion for Partial Summary Judgment,. by CITY OF MEADVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA.. (Attachments: # 1 Certificate of Service)(Hotchkiss, David) (Entered: 01/05/2007)

PACER
29 Jan. 5, 2007

BRIEF in Support re 27 MOTION for Partial Summary Judgment filed by CITY OF MEADVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA. (sdp) (Entered: 01/08/2007)

PACER
Jan. 8, 2007

CLERK'S OFFICE QUALITY CONTROL MESSAGE. re 27 MOTION for Partial Summary Judgment ERROR: Document should have been filed as two separate documents. CORRECTION: Attorney advised in future that documents of that nature are to be filed as separate documents. Clerk of Court docketed Memorandum in Support of Motion for Partial Summary Judgment. This message is for informational purposes only. (sdp) (Entered: 01/08/2007)

PACER
Jan. 17, 2007

Minute Entry for proceedings held before Judge Sean J. McLaughlin : Settlement Conference held on 1/17/2007. Case did not settle; Another settlement conference is set for 1/31/07 at 1:30 PM before the Honorable Sean J. McLaughlin. Text−only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text−only entry constitutes the Courts order or notice on the matter. (Court Reporter Ron Bench.) (nk) (Entered: 01/17/2007)

PACER
Jan. 17, 2007

NOTICE of Hearing: PLEASE TAKE NOTICE that a Settlement Conference has been set for 1/31/2007 at 1:30 PM in Courtroom C before Judge Sean J. McLaughlin. Text−only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text−only entry constitutes the Courts order or notice on the matter.(nk) (Entered: 01/17/2007)

PACER
Jan. 31, 2007

Minute Entry for proceedings held before Judge Sean J. McLaughlin : Settlement Conference held on 1/31/2007. Parties have 30 days from today to file a settlement agreement. Defendant's to supply within 14 days to Plaintiff's counsel a proposed draft of settlement; Plaintiffs to return to Defendant's proposed draft within one week of receipt. Deadlines for responses to summary judgment motions postponed until settlement agreement is filed. Text−only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text−only entry constitutes the Courts order or notice on the matter (Court Reporter Ron Bench.) (nk) (Entered: 01/31/2007)

PACER
March 5, 2007

NOTICE of Telephonic Status Conference set for 3/12/2007 at 1:30 PM in before Sean J. McLaughlin. Attorney Markham will initiate the call with all counsel on the line and call the conference line at 814−464−9615. Text−only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text−only entry constitutes the Court's order or notice on the matter.(nk) (Entered: 03/05/2007)

PACER
March 8, 2007

PLEASE TAKE NOTICE that the telephonic Status Conference set for 3/12/07 is CANCELLED. Text−only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text−only entry constitutes the Court's order or notice on the matter. (nk) Modified on 3/9/2007 (sdp). (Entered: 03/08/2007)

PACER
March 8, 2007

NOTICE of Status Conference set for 3/27/2007 at 1:30 PM in Courtroom C before Judge Sean J. McLaughlin. Text−only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text−only entry constitutes the Court's order or notice on the matter.(nk) (Entered: 03/08/2007)

PACER
March 27, 2007

Minute Entry for proceedings held before Judge Sean J. McLaughlin : Status Conference held on 3/27/2007. Plaintiff to file a Brief in Opposition to Penn Dot within twenty (20) days for today. Text−only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text−only entry constitutes the Court's order or notice on the matter. (Court Reporter Ron Bench.)(nk) (Entered: 03/27/2007)

PACER
30 April 16, 2007

BRIEF in Opposition re 27 MOTION for Partial Summary Judgment, 25 MOTION for Summary Judgment filed by Meadville and PennDOT with opposition filed by JAY SHUFFSTALL, CAROLYN A. CREHAN, KATHY A. HERTZOG, PAUL PECUNAS, SANDRA FULLER, MARY ANN PARSNIK, PAT WEAVER, FELICIA BONGIORNO, MELVIN BORREO, STEPHEN CLARK, JILL HRINDA−PATTEN, MARY KRUG, B. LYNNE VESTAL, VOICES FOR INDEPENDENCE, (VFI), MICHAEL L. EAKIN. (Markham, Craig) (Entered: 04/16/2007)

PACER
31 April 16, 2007

RESPONSE To Concise Statement of Facts filed by JAY SHUFFSTALL, CAROLYN A. CREHAN, KATHY A. HERTZOG, PAUL PECUNAS, SANDRA FULLER, MARY ANN PARSNIK, PAT WEAVER, FELICIA BONGIORNO, MELVIN BORREO, STEPHEN CLARK, JILL HRINDA−PATTEN, MARY KRUG, B. LYNNE VESTAL, VOICES FOR INDEPENDENCE, (VFI), MICHAEL L. EAKIN. (Markham, Craig) (Entered: 04/16/2007)

PACER
32 April 19, 2007

SETTLEMENT AGREEMENT Signed by All Parties and filed by JAY SHUFFSTALL, CAROLYN A. CREHAN, KATHY A. HERTZOG, PAUL PECUNAS, SANDRA FULLER, MARY ANN PARSNIK, PAT WEAVER, FELICIA BONGIORNO, MELVIN BORREO, STEPHEN CLARK, JILL HRINDA−PATTEN, MARY KRUG, B. LYNNE VESTAL, VOICES FOR INDEPENDENCE, (VFI), MICHAEL L. EAKIN. (Markham, Craig) (Entered: 04/19/2007)

PACER
33 April 19, 2007

ORDER APPROVING SETTLEMENT AGREEMENT of CITY OF ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA and PENNDOT, signed by Judge McLaughlin on 4/19/07. (nk) Modified on 4/30/2007. (tt) (Entered: 04/19/2007)

PACER
April 19, 2007

NOTICE of Oral Argument on Motion 27 MOTION for Partial Summary Judgment, 25 MOTION for Summary Judgment: TAKE NOTICE THAT an OralARGUMENT is set for 5/30/2007 at 1:30 PM in Courtroom C before Judge Sean J. McLaughlin. Text−only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text−only entry constitutes the Court's order or notice on the matter.(nk) (Entered: 04/19/2007)

PACER
May 25, 2007

PLEASE TAKE NOTICE THAT the oral argument set for 5/30/07 is CANCELLED. Text−only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text−only entry constitutes the Courts order or notice on the matter. (nk) (Entered: 05/25/2007)

PACER
34 May 31, 2007

NOTICE by CITY OF MEADVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA re 27 MOTION for Partial Summary Judgment Notice of Supplemental Authority (Attachments: # 1 Supplemental Case# 2 Certificate of Service)(Hotchkiss, David) (Entered: 05/31/2007)

PACER
35 May 31, 2007

NOTICE by COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION, ALLEN D. BIEHLER re 25 MOTION for Summary Judgment (State Defendants' Notice of Supplemental Authority) (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit 1 (Ledbetter Slip Opinion))(Bradley, Scott) (Entered: 05/31/2007)

PACER
May 31, 2007

ORDER Response re 34 Notice of Supplemental Authority filed by City of Meadville; ORDERED that the Plaintiff's file a response to the Order on or before 6/13/2007. Text−only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text−only entry constitutes the Court's order or notice on the matter. Signed by Judge Sean J. McLaughlin on 5/31/07. (nk) (Entered: 05/31/2007)

PACER
June 1, 2007

ORDER Response re 35 Notice of supplemental authority. Plaintiff's Response to Motion due by 6/14/2007. Signed by Judge Sean J. McLaughlin on 6/1/07. Text−only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text−only entry constitutes the Court's order or notice on the matter.(nk) (Entered: 06/01/2007)

PACER
36 June 11, 2007

REPLY BRIEF by JAY SHUFFSTALL, CAROLYN A. CREHAN, KATHY A. HERTZOG, PAUL PECUNAS, SANDRA FULLER, MARY ANN PARSNIK, PAT WEAVER, FELICIA BONGIORNO, MELVIN BORREO, STEPHEN CLARK, JILL HRINDA−PATTEN, MARY KRUG, B. LYNNE VESTAL, VOICES FOR INDEPENDENCE, (VFI), MICHAEL L. EAKIN to 34 35 Notice of Supplemental Authority filed by JAY SHUFFSTALL, CAROLYN A. CREHAN, KATHY A. HERTZOG, PAUL PECUNAS, SANDRA FULLER, MARY ANN PARSNIK, PAT WEAVER, FELICIA BONGIORNO, MELVIN BORREO, STEPHEN CLARK, JILL HRINDA−PATTEN, MARY KRUG, B. LYNNE VESTAL, VOICES FOR INDEPENDENCE, (VFI), MICHAEL L. EAKIN. (Markham, Craig) Modified on 6/12/2007 (sdp). (Entered: 06/11/2007)

PACER
37 Sept. 28, 2007

MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER denying 25 Motion for Summary Judgment filed by Defendants the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Department of Transportation and Allen D. Biehler; denying 27 Motion for Partial Summary Judgment filed by Defendant the City of Meadville, Pennsylvania. Signed by Judge Sean J. McLaughlin on 09/28/07. (kas) (Entered: 09/28/2007)

PACER
38 Oct. 26, 2007

NOTICE OF APPEAL as to 37 Order on Motion for Summary Judgment,, Order on Motion for Partial Summary Judgment, by CITY OF MEADVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA. Filing fee $ 455, receipt number 720231. The Clerk's Office hereby certifies the record and the docket sheet available through ECF to be the certified list in lieu of the record and/or the certified copy of the docket entries. The Transcript Purchase Order form will NOT be mailed to the parties. The form is available on the Court's internet site. (Hotchkiss, David) (Entered: 10/26/2007)

PACER
40 Nov. 5, 2007

TRANSCRIPT REQUEST by CITY OF MEADVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA re 38 Notice of Appeal,, NO TRANSCRIPT (Hotchkiss, David) (Entered: 11/05/2007)

PACER
Nov. 6, 2007

Record complete for Appeal purposes. (sdp) (Entered: 11/06/2007)

PACER
41 Nov. 9, 2007

NOTICE OF CROSS APPEAL by JAY SHUFFSTALL, CAROLYN A. CREHAN, KATHY A. HERTZOG, PAUL PECUNAS, SANDRA FULLER, MARY ANN PARSNIK, PAT WEAVER, FELICIA BONGIORNO, MELVIN BORREO, STEPHEN CLARK, JILL HRINDA−PATTEN, MARY KRUG, B. LYNNE VESTAL, VOICES FOR INDEPENDENCE, (VFI), MICHAEL L. EAKIN to 37 order. Filing fee $ 455, receipt number 732862. Representing Attorney: Craig A. Markham. The Clerk's Office hereby certifies the record and the docket sheet available through ECF to be the certified list in lieu of the record and/or the certified copy of the docket entries. The Transcript Purchase Order form will not be mailed to the parties. The form is available on the Court's internet site.Appeal Record due by 11/9/2007. (Markham, Craig) Modified on 11/13/2007 (sdp). (Entered: 11/09/2007)

PACER
43 Feb. 22, 2008

STATUS REPORT re Compliance with Settlement Agreement by CITY OF MEADVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit 2007 Ramp Report − Meadville) (Hotchkiss, David) (Entered: 02/22/2008)

PACER
44 Feb. 22, 2008

CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE by CITY OF MEADVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA re 43 Status Report re Compliance with Settlement Agreement (Hotchkiss, David) (Entered: 02/22/2008)

PACER
45 March 17, 2008

ORDER of USCA as to 38 Notice of Appeal, filed by CITY OF MEADVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA, 41 Notice of Cross Appeal, filed by FELICIA BONGIORNO, SANDRA FULLER, PAUL PECUNAS, MELVIN BORREO, KATHY A. HERTZOG, B. LYNNE VESTAL, VOICES FOR INDEPENDENCE, (VFI), MARY ANN PARSNIK, CAROLYN A. CREHAN, PAT WEAVER, MARY KRUG, MICHAEL L. EAKIN, STEPHEN CLARK, JILL HRINDA−PATTEN, JAY SHUFFSTALL (tmk3) The appeals are dismissed for lack of appellate jurisdiction. The District court's order denying motions for summary judgment is not a final order. (Entered: 03/17/2008)

PACER
46 March 31, 2008

STATUS REPORT (2007 Schedule A−Meadville) by COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION, ALLEN D. BIEHLER. (Bradley, Scott) (Entered: 03/31/2008)

PACER
47 March 31, 2008

STATUS REPORT (2007 Schedule A − Erie) by COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION, ALLEN D. BIEHLER. (Bradley, Scott) (Entered: 03/31/2008)

PACER
June 9, 2008

NOTICE of Status Conference set for 7/8/2008 at 1:30 PM before Judge Sean J. McLaughlin. Attorney Finnegan and Attorney Bradely may partipate by phone. Attorney Finnegan shall initiate the call with Attorney Bradely on the line and call the conference line at 814−464−9615, all other counsel will shall be present in person. Text−only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text−only entry constitutes the Court's order or notice on the matter.(nk) (Entered: 06/09/2008)

PACER
Aug. 4, 2008

NOTICE of Settlement Conference set for Wednesday, September 3, 2008 at 10:00 a.m. Counsel for Plaintiffs and the City of Meadville shall be present at that time, along with a representive of the City of Meadville possessing final settlement authority. To the extent that matters have not been finally resolved between the Plaintiffs and PENNDOT as of that date, Counsel for PENNDOT shall be present at 1:00 p.m. for the settlement conference, along with a PENNDOT representative possessing final settlement authority. The City of Erie is excused from this settlement conference. Text−only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text−only entry constitutes the Courts order or notice on the matter (nk) (Entered: 08/04/2008)

PACER
Sept. 3, 2008

Minute Entry for proceedings held before Judge Sean J. McLaughlin: Settlement/Status Conference held on 9/3/2008. Meadville/Penndot parties to have their draft to Plaintiff's c counsel on or before 10/3/08. Settlement Conference is set for 11/6/08 at 10:00 before Judge McLaughlin. If there is an agreement between the parties, then Attorney Bradley will participate by phone, if not he will attend the conference in person. Attorney Bradley will contact the Court as to how he plans on attending this conference the Friday before November 6, 2008. Text−only entry; no PDF document will issue. This text−only entry constitutes the Court's order or notice on the matter (Court Reporter: Ron Bench) (nk) (Entered: 09/04/2008)

PACER
48 Nov. 6, 2008

Minute Entry for proceedings held before Judge Sean J. McLaughlin: Settlement Conference held on 11/6/2008. Tentative settlement reached between Plaintiff's and City of Meadville. Parties will submit a proposed consent decree within two weeks. (Court Reporter: Ron Bench) (nk) (Entered: 11/12/2008)

PACER
49 Nov. 20, 2008

STATUS REPORT by CITY OF MEADVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA. (Hotchkiss, David) (Entered: 11/20/2008)

PACER
50 Nov. 21, 2008

AMENDED DOCUMENT by CITY OF MEADVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA. Amendment to 49 Status Report. (Hotchkiss, David) (Entered: 11/21/2008)

PACER
Nov. 21, 2008

CLERK'S OFFICE QUALITY CONTROL MESSAGE re 49 Status Report. ERROR: no caption, no signature, incorrect date. CORRECTION: attorney is going to resubmit with corrections. This message is for informational purposes only. (sdp) (Entered: 11/21/2008)

PACER
51 March 4, 2009

SETTLEMENT AGREEMENT (Third) Between Plaintiffs and Commonwealth of Pa, Dept. of Transportation, by JAY SHUFFSTALL, CAROLYN A. CREHAN, KATHY A. HERTZOG, PAUL PECUNAS, SANDRA FULLER, MARY ANN PARSNIK, PAT WEAVER, FELICIA BONGIORNO, MELVIN BORREO, STEPHEN CLARK, JILL HRINDA−PATTEN, MARY KRUG, B. LYNNE VESTAL, VOICES FOR INDEPENDENCE, (VFI), MICHAEL L. EAKIN. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Sch E, Erie, # 2 Exhibit Sch E Meadville, # 3 Proposed Order) (Markham, Craig) (Entered: 03/04/2009)

PACER
52 March 9, 2009

ORDER GRANTING 51 Settlement Agreement, filed by FELICIA BONGIORNO, SANDRA FULLER, PAUL PECUNAS, MELVIN BORREO, KATHY A. HERTZOG, B. LYNNE VESTAL, VOICES FOR INDEPENDENCE, (VFI), MARY ANN PARSNIK, CAROLYN A. CREHAN, PAT WEAVER, MARY KRUG, MICHAEL L. EAKIN, STEPHEN CLARK, JILL HRINDA−PATTEN, JAY SHUFFSTALL. Signed by Judge Sean J. McLaughlin on 3/9/09. (nk) (Entered: 03/09/2009)

PACER
54 March 11, 2009

Approved Consent Decree. Signed by Judge Sean J. McLaughlin on 3/11/09. (nk) (Entered: 03/11/2009)

PACER
55 Sept. 2, 2010

EXHIBIT OF MAP SHOWING THE NATURE AND STATUS OF CURB RAMP RETROFITTING IN THE CITY OF MEADVILLE by CITY OF MEADVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA. (IN EXHIBIT ROOM IN CLERK'S OFFICE) (sdp) (Entered: 09/02/2010)

PACER
Dec. 22, 2010

Judge John C. Coughenour added. (DJ)

Dec. 22, 2010

NOTICE TO FILER OF DEFICIENCY: NO CIVIL COVER SHEET: Please post the Civil Cover Sheet using the event "Civil Cover Sheet" found in "Other Documents" and relate back to the Complaint. (DJ)

Dec. 23, 2010

Set/Reset Hearings: Telephone Status Conference set for TUESDAY, DECEMBER 28, 2010 at 10:30 AM before Judge Thomas S. Zilly. Counsel are directed to initiate the conference call and then call chambers at 206-370-8830.(CH)

Dec. 27, 2010

Attorney William Bruce Work for Susan Dreyfus,William Bruce Work for Washington State Department of Social and Health Services added per 9 Notice of Appearance. (KN)

73 Dec. 30, 2010

MINUTE ORDER DENYING IN PART AND DEFERRING IN PART pltfs' 11 MOTION for Temporary Restraining Order and Preliminary Injunction ; Court denies the motion for TRO and will issue a separate order explaining its reasons as soon as possible; Court defers the motion for prelim inj pending oral argument set for 1/14/11; pltf's motion for prelim inj is renoted to 1/14/11; dfts' responses to motion for prelim inj and pltfs' motion for class certif are due 1/7/11; pltfs' replies due 1/11/11 by Judge Thomas S. Zilly. (RS)

RECAP
76 Jan. 5, 2011

ORDER by Judge Thomas S. Zilly. This Order explains the Court's reasons for denying plaintiffs' motion for temporary restraining order, docket no. 11 . (CL) (Entered: 01/05/2011)

RECAP
77 Jan. 6, 2011

ORDER REGARDING INITIAL DISCLOSURES, JOINT STATUS REPORT AND EARLY SETTLEMENT Joint Status Report due by 3/7/2011, FRCP 26f Conference Deadline is 2/22/2011, Initial Disclosure Deadline is 3/7/2011, by Judge Thomas S. Zilly. (CH) (Entered: 01/06/2011)

RECAP
78 Jan. 6, 2011

NOTICE OF APPEAL (11-35026) as to 76 Order by Plaintiffs A.B., A.R., An.B., C.B., D.W., H.C., J.B., J.H., K.S., M.B., M.J.B., M.R., Puget Sound Alliance for Retired Americans, S.J., Service Employees International Union Healthcare 775NW, T.M., The Arc of Washington. Filing Fee $455, Receipt number 0981-2293986. (Leyton, Stacey) Modified on 1/7/2011; added CCA case number (LMK). (Entered: 01/06/2011)

RECAP
79 Jan. 6, 2011

REPRESENTATION STATEMENT, by Plaintiffs A.B., A.R., An.B., C.B., D.W., H.C., J.B., J.H., K.S., M.B., M.J.B., M.R., Puget Sound Alliance for Retired Americans, S.J., Service Employees International Union Healthcare 775NW, T.M., The Arc of Washington, (re: 78 Notice of Appeal,.) (Leyton, Stacey) (Entered: 01/06/2011)

RECAP
80 Jan. 6, 2011

MINUTE ORDER - In light of the Notice of Appeal filed by plaintiffs, docket no. 78, the Court STAYS this case pending resolution of the appeal by the Ninth Circuit. The Court STRIKES the January 14, 2011, hearing on plaintiffs motion for a preliminary injunction, docket no. 11, and motion for class certification, docket no. 62 . The Court STRIKES both motions without prejudice, by Judge Thomas S. Zilly. (MD) (Entered: 01/06/2011)

RECAP
81 Jan. 7, 2011

APPEAL NOTIFICATION packet sent to US Court of Appeals re 78 Notice of Appeal, (Attachments: # 1 Docket)(LMK) (Entered: 01/07/2011)

1 Docket

View on PACER

RECAP
82 Jan. 7, 2011

TIME SCHEDULE ORDER (11-35026) as to 78 Notice of Appeal, filed by K.S., S.J., An.B., A.R., C.B., A.B., The Arc of Washington, T.M., D.W., J.B., M.B., M.R., M.J.B., J.H., Puget Sound Alliance for Retired Americans, H.C., Service Employees International Union Healthcare 775NW : The schedule is set as follows: Mediation Questionnaire due on 01/14/2011. Transcript ordered by 02/07/2011. Transcript due 03/07/2011. Appellant opening brief due 04/18/2011. Appellee answering brief due 05/16/2011. Appellant's optional reply brief is due 14 days after service of the answering brief.(LMK) (Entered: 01/07/2011)

RECAP
83 Jan. 10, 2011

MINUTE ORDER by Thomas S. Zilly, United States District Judge. The Court GRANTS Pltfs' (docket no. 10 ) unopposed motion to seal. The Court ORDERS that the following filings shall remain under seal: Maxon Decl., docket no. 26 ; S.J. Decl., docket no. 27 ; Braddock Decl., docket no. 28 ; C.B. Decl., docket no. 29 ; Davis Decl., docket no. 30 ; D.W. Decl., docket no. 31 ; McIntosh Decl., docket no. 32 ; Jane B. Decl., docket no. 33 ; Starr Decl., docket no. 34 ; Partridge Decl., docket no. 35 ; K.S. Decl., docket no. 36 ; Albert Decl., docket no. 37 ; Morrow Decl., docket no. 38 ; Hays Decl., docket no. 39 ; Fredrick Decl., docket no. 40 ; Halpert Decl., docket no. 41 ; Dockstader Decl., docket no. 42 ; Portelance Decl., docket no. 43 ; M.J.B. Decl., docket no. 44 ; Paolino Decl., docket no. 45 ; Learny Decl., docket no. 46 ; Hayes Decl., docket no. 47 ; Chatwin Decl., docket no. 48 ; Allington Decl., docket no. 52 ; Flint Decl., docket no. 53 ; A.H. Decl., docket no. 54 ; Guin Decl., docket no. 55 ; Faatoafe Decl., docket no. 56 ; N.N.A. Decl., docket no. 57 ; Ivonav Decl., docket no. 58 ; D.V.S. Decl., docket no. 59 . (CL) (Entered: 01/10/2011)

RECAP

Case Details

State / Territory:

Washington

Case Type(s):

Public Benefits/Government Services

Special Collection(s):

Multi-LexSum (in sample)

Olmstead Cases

Key Dates

Filing Date: Dec. 23, 2010

Closing Date: Sept. 20, 2013

Case Ongoing: No

Plaintiffs

Plaintiff Description:

Plaintiffs are disabled individuals who are entitled to receive a certain number of Medicaid in-home personal care service hours each month. They allege that Washington's 10% reduction of in-home care hours places them at risk of institutionalization.

Plaintiff Type(s):

Private Plaintiff

Public Interest Lawyer: Yes

Filed Pro Se: No

Class Action Sought: Yes

Class Action Outcome: Pending

Defendants

State

Washington State Department of Social and Health Services

Defendant Type(s):

Hospital/Health Department

Case Details

Causes of Action:

42 U.S.C. § 1983

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), 42 U.S.C. §§ 12111 et seq.

Medicaid, 42 U.S.C §1396 (Title XIX of the Social Security Act)

Section 504 (Rehabilitation Act), 29 U.S.C. § 701

Constitutional Clause(s):

Due Process

Supremacy Clause

Other Dockets:

Western District of Washington 2:10-cv-02052

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit 11-35026

Available Documents:

Complaint (any)

Trial Court Docket

Outcome

Prevailing Party: Plaintiff OR Mixed

Relief Granted:

Preliminary injunction / Temp. restraining order

Unknown

Source of Relief:

Settlement

Form of Settlement:

Private Settlement Agreement

Content of Injunction:

Preliminary relief granted

Issues

General/Misc.:

Public assistance grants

Public benefits (includes, e.g., in-state tuition, govt. jobs)

Benefits (Source):

Medicaid

Disability and Disability Rights:

Disability, unspecified

Integrated setting

Least restrictive environment

Discrimination Basis:

Disability (inc. reasonable accommodations)

Jails, Prisons, Detention Centers, and Other Institutions:

Deinstitutionalization/decarceration

Recommended Citation