Case: Disability Rights California Investigation of Orange County Jail

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Case Summary

This investigation concerns the conditions and treatment of incarcerated individuals in the Orange County Jail system. On March 22, 2018, Disability Rights California (DRC), an organization representing and advocating for these individuals, notified the County of its intent to monitor the jail facilities in keeping with DRC's monitoring authority as a protection & advocacy agency. In 2019, following DRC's urging, the County engaged Sabot Consulting, an expert team, to assess the jail system. Th…

This investigation concerns the conditions and treatment of incarcerated individuals in the Orange County Jail system. On March 22, 2018, Disability Rights California (DRC), an organization representing and advocating for these individuals, notified the County of its intent to monitor the jail facilities in keeping with DRC's monitoring authority as a protection & advocacy agency.

In 2019, following DRC's urging, the County engaged Sabot Consulting, an expert team, to assess the jail system. The evaluation revealed significant shortcomings, finding that the County failed to provide equal access to programs to people with disabilities, was unduly keeping people in solitary confinement, and was placing incarcerated people in restrictive units because of their LGBTQ identity. 

The expert team found that the County's policies and practices did not adequately accommodate disabled individuals, violating their rights to equal access to services, programs, activities, and appropriate housing. These findings prompted negotiations between the County and DRC, leading to a settlement agreement and comprehensive remedial plan aimed at addressing these issues reached on November 21, 2019.

The settlement agreement between Orange County and DRC aimed to resolve the disputed claims and cover compliance with federal and state laws, including the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and the Rehabilitation Act, focusing on equal access to services and the most integrated, least restrictive settings for those with disabilities, including specific considerations for LGBTQ individuals and those in restrictive housing.

The agreement stipulated the development and implementation of a remedial plan monitored by Sabot Consulting. This plan encompassed reforms in mental health care programming, disability-related accommodations, access to programs, and modifications to restrictive housing and disciplinary practices. Several key improvements included establishing a less restrictive housing unit for LGBTQ inmates with tailored programming, respecting transgender and intersex inmates' housing preferences unless specific concerns arise, and guaranteeing a minimum of 24 hours of out-of-cell time per week for all inmates. 

The plan also focused on ending discriminatory practices against inmates with disabilities, notably in relation to the Community Work Program. Previously, individuals with disabilities were excluded from the program, which offered the opportunity to work in the community and return home nightly. The settlement eliminates this exclusion, fostering more equitable and constructive alternatives to incarceration.

Furthermore, the agreement mandated the closure of 72 hyper-solitary confinement cells, which lacked natural light, and introduced a new Special Management Unit. This unit was designed to limit confinement duration to no more than 30 days, ensure a minimum of two hours of out-of-cell time daily, and offer additional privileges and opportunities for early release based on positive behavior.

Other critical components of the remedial plan included timelines for implementation, mechanisms for monitoring compliance, and detailed procedures for addressing deficiencies. Financial terms included the County's commitment to cover reasonable attorney fees and costs associated with pursuing the matter, capped at specified amounts per quarter, and outlined procedures for resolving disputes over fees. 

As of February 21, 2024, the remedial plan implementation is ongoing, and Sabot Consulting has released two rounds of expert monitoring reports. per the terms of the 2019 agreement, the agreement will remain in effect until the Compliance Expert issues two successive Compliance Reports finding that the county adequately implemented all components of the Remedial plan.

Summary Authors

Carlos Larrauri (2/21/2024)

Documents in the Clearinghouse

Document

Settlement Agreement

Nov. 21, 2019

Nov. 21, 2019

Settlement Agreement

Docket

Last updated Aug. 30, 2023, 1:27 p.m.

Docket sheet not available via the Clearinghouse.

Case Details

State / Territory: California

Case Type(s):

Jail Conditions

Disability Rights

Key Dates

Case Ongoing: Yes

Plaintiffs

Plaintiff Description:

Disability Rights California, on behalf of individuals with disabilities and LGBTG individuals incarcerated in the Orange County jail system.

Plaintiff Type(s):

Non-profit NON-religious organization

Attorney Organizations:

Rosen, Bien, Galvan & Grunfeld

Public Interest Lawyer: Yes

Filed Pro Se: No

Class Action Sought: No

Class Action Outcome: Not sought

Defendants

The County of Orange (Orange), County

Defendant Type(s):

Jurisdiction-wide

Facility Type(s):

Government-run

Case Details

Causes of Action:

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), 42 U.S.C. §§ 12111 et seq.

Section 504 (Rehabilitation Act), 29 U.S.C. § 701

State law

State Anti-Discrimination Law

Constitutional Clause(s):

Equal Protection

Cruel and Unusual Punishment

Available Documents:

None of the above

Outcome

Prevailing Party: Plaintiff

Nature of Relief:

Injunction / Injunctive-like Settlement

Attorneys fees

Source of Relief:

Settlement

Form of Settlement:

Private Settlement Agreement

Content of Injunction:

Reasonable Accommodation

Reporting

Auditing

Monitoring

Amount Defendant Pays: $84,000.00

Issues

Disability and Disability Rights:

Disability, unspecified

Integrated setting

Least restrictive environment

Mental Illness, Unspecified

Mental impairment

Mobility impairment

Reasonable Accommodations

Reasonable Modifications

Discrimination Area:

Disparate Treatment

Discrimination Basis:

Disability (inc. reasonable accommodations)

Gender identity

Sex discrimination

Affected Sex/Gender(s):

Intersex

Transgender

Jails, Prisons, Detention Centers, and Other Institutions:

Administrative segregation

Confinement/isolation

Disciplinary segregation

LGBTQ+:

LGBTQ+

Medical/Mental Health Care:

Mental health care, general

Mental health care, unspecified