Case: Land v. Matanuska-Susitna Borough School District

3:23-cv-00272 | U.S. District Court for the District of Alaska

Filed Date: Dec. 4, 2023

Case Ongoing

Clearinghouse coding complete

Case Summary

This is a case about the alleged excessive use of restraint and seclusion practices on disabled students. On Dec. 4, 2023, two parents, individually and as representatives of their minor child, filed this lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the District of Alaska. They sued the Matanuska-Susitna Borough School District under the Americans with Disabilities Act, the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, and Alaksan state laws. Represented by private counsel, they sought injunctive relief, damages, and …

This is a case about the alleged excessive use of restraint and seclusion practices on disabled students. On Dec. 4, 2023, two parents, individually and as representatives of their minor child, filed this lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the District of Alaska. They sued the Matanuska-Susitna Borough School District under the Americans with Disabilities Act, the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, and Alaksan state laws. Represented by private counsel, they sought injunctive relief, damages, and class action status, seeking to represent a subclass of current MSBSD students with disabilities who have experienced restraint or seclusion by district personnel and a subclass of parents and guardians of these students. They claimed that the school district's practices were unnecessarily punitive and violated both federal and state laws.

The complaint outlined numerous instances where the minor child, who has developmental delays and behavioral challenges, was subjected to these practices, often without the parents being informed in a timely manner. It detailed specific incidents where the minor child was secluded or restrained and argued that these actions were unnecessary and punitive and did not address the underlying behavioral issues. The plaintiffs argued that the school district's reliance on restraint and seclusion led to physical and psychological harm to the minor child and other students, deprived them of educational opportunities, and discriminated against them based on their disabilities.

On Dec. 5, 2023, pursuant to the system of random case assignments, this action was administratively reassigned to District Judge Joshua M. Kindred for all further proceedings. 

The parties stipulated to a protective on March 25, 2024, as they prepared to enter into discovery.

Summary Authors

Carlos Larrauri (1/27/2024)

People

For PACER's information on parties and their attorneys, see: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/68060587/parties/land-v-matanuska-susitna-borough-school-district/


Judge(s)

Gleason, Sharon Louise (Alaska)

Holland, Hezekiah Russel (Alaska)

Attorney for Plaintiff

Dudukgian, Goriune (Alaska)

Feronti, Nicholas Clark (Alaska)

Palmer, Aneliese K. (Alaska)

Attorney for Defendant

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Documents in the Clearinghouse

Document
1

3:23-cv-00272

Complaint

Dec. 4, 2023

Dec. 4, 2023

Complaint

Docket

See docket on RECAP: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/68060587/land-v-matanuska-susitna-borough-school-district/

Last updated March 6, 2026, 4:35 a.m.

ECF Number Description Date Link Date / Link
1

COMPLAINT against All Defendants ( Filing fee $ 405 receipt number AAKDC-3533507.), filed by All Plaintiffs.(Dudukgian, Goriune) (Entered: 12/04/2023)

Dec. 4, 2023

Dec. 4, 2023

RECAP
2

Civil Cover Sheet. (Dudukgian, Goriune) (Entered: 12/04/2023)

Dec. 4, 2023

Dec. 4, 2023

3

Unissued summons re Defendant Matanuska-Susitna Borough School District, (Attachments: # 1 Unissued Summons re Defendant Laura Kelly, # 2 Unissued Summons re Defendant David Russell, # 3 Unissued Summons re Defendant Angela Snow)(PXS, COURT STAFF) (Entered: 12/05/2023)

Dec. 5, 2023

Dec. 5, 2023

4

HRH TEXT ORDER REASSIGNING CASE: Pursuant to the system of random case assignments, this action is administratively reassigned to the Honorable Joshua M. Kindred for all further proceedings. Please use the following case number on all future filings: 3:23-cv-00272-JMK. (JDS, COURT STAFF) (Entered: 12/05/2023)

Dec. 5, 2023

Dec. 5, 2023

1 - Summons Issued

Dec. 5, 2023

Dec. 5, 2023

Order Reassigning Case

Dec. 5, 2023

Dec. 5, 2023

Summons Issued as to Laura Kelly, Matanuska-Susitna Borough School District, David Russell, Angela Snow. (PXS, COURT STAFF)

Dec. 5, 2023

Dec. 5, 2023

5

NOTICE of Appearance by Allison G. Strickland on behalf of All Defendants (Strickland, Allison) (Entered: 12/18/2023)

Dec. 18, 2023

Dec. 18, 2023

6

NOTICE of Appearance by Megan N. Sandone on behalf of All Defendants (Sandone, Megan) (Entered: 12/18/2023)

Dec. 18, 2023

Dec. 18, 2023

7

NOTICE of Appearance by Aneliese K. Palmer on behalf of All Plaintiffs (Palmer, Aneliese) (Entered: 12/28/2023)

Dec. 28, 2023

Dec. 28, 2023

8

ANSWER to 1 Complaint by Laura Kelly, Matanuska-Susitna Borough School District, David Russell, Angela Snow.(Strickland, Allison) (Entered: 02/05/2024)

Feb. 5, 2024

Feb. 5, 2024

RECAP
9

ORDER RE INITIAL SCHEDULING & PLANNING CONFERENCE REPORT: Counsel for plaintiff shall serve and file the Rule 26 Meeting Report within 21 days of service of this order. Signed by Judge Joshua M. Kindred on 2/6/2024. (SCD, COURT STAFF) (Entered: 02/06/2024)

Feb. 6, 2024

Feb. 6, 2024

10

REPORT of Rule 26(f) Planning Meeting. (Dudukgian, Goriune) (Entered: 02/22/2024)

Feb. 22, 2024

Feb. 22, 2024

11

SCHEDULING AND PLANNING ORDER: Discovery due by 2/27/2025.See Order for additional deadlines. Signed by Judge Joshua M. Kindred on 2/27/2024. (SCD, COURT STAFF) (Entered: 02/27/2024)

Feb. 27, 2024

Feb. 27, 2024

12

Joint MOTION for Protective Order [and Stipulation] by Laura Kelly, Matanuska-Susitna Borough School District, David Russell, Angela Snow. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Strickland, Allison) (Entered: 03/25/2024)

1 Proposed Order

View on PACER

March 25, 2024

March 25, 2024

RECAP
13

JMK TEXT ORDER: The parties' Joint Motion and Stipulation for Protective Order 12 is GRANTED. The protective order is approved as filed at Docket 12. (JDS, COURT STAFF) (Entered: 03/26/2024)

March 26, 2024

March 26, 2024

Order on Motion for Protective Order

March 26, 2024

March 26, 2024

14

Joint MOTION [Regarding Production of Protected Information] by Laura Kelly, Matanuska-Susitna Borough School District, David Russell, Angela Snow. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit [Notice], # 2 Proposed Order)(Strickland, Allison) (Entered: 05/13/2024)

May 13, 2024

May 13, 2024

15

JMK TEXT ORDER: The Joint Motion Regarding Production of Protection Information 14 is GRANTED. Production and use of Protected Health Information and Personally Identifiable Information, as defined at Docket 14, will be governed according to the terms of the parties' stipulation at Docket 14, the Protective Order 13, and applicable statutes. (SCD, COURT STAFF) (Entered: 05/14/2024)

May 14, 2024

May 14, 2024

Order on Motion for Miscellaneous Relief

May 14, 2024

May 14, 2024

16

Witness List by Christi Angelo, L. Shane Land, T.L.. (Dudukgian, Goriune) (Entered: 06/25/2024)

June 25, 2024

June 25, 2024

17

SLG TEXT ORDER: In light of the resignation of Judge Kindred this case is hereby reassigned to the Honorable Chief Judge Sharon L. Gleason for all future proceedings. Please use case number 3:23-cv-00272-SLG on all future filings. (RMC, COURT STAFF) (Entered: 07/08/2024)

July 8, 2024

July 8, 2024

Order Reassigning Case

July 8, 2024

July 8, 2024

18

ORDER RE INTENT TO REASSIGN TO A UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE AND DECLINATION OF CONSENT FORM: See Order for details. Signed by Judge Sharon L. Gleason on 8/22/2024. (SCD, COURT STAFF) (Entered: 08/22/2024)

Aug. 22, 2024

Aug. 22, 2024

19

CLERK'S NOTICE : A Declination of Consent has been timely submitted. This case remains assigned to District Judge Gleason. (BJK, COURT STAFF) (Entered: 08/28/2024)

Aug. 28, 2024

Aug. 28, 2024

Clerks Notice - Declination of Consent Submitted

Aug. 28, 2024

Aug. 28, 2024

20

MOTION for Relief From Order Granting Joint Motion Regarding Production of Protected Information re 15 Order on Motion for Miscellaneous Relief, by Laura Kelly, Matanuska-Susitna Borough School District, David Russell, Angela Snow. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Strickland, Allison) (Entered: 09/03/2024)

Sept. 3, 2024

Sept. 3, 2024

21

MOTION to Seal by Laura Kelly, Matanuska-Susitna Borough School District, David Russell, Angela Snow. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Strickland, Allison) (Entered: 09/03/2024)

Sept. 3, 2024

Sept. 3, 2024

23

RESPONSE to Motion (Non-Opposition) re 21 MOTION to Seal filed by Christi Angelo, L. Shane Land, T.L.. (Dudukgian, Goriune) (Entered: 09/06/2024)

Sept. 6, 2024

Sept. 6, 2024

24

RESPONSE in Opposition re 20 MOTION for Relief From Order Granting Joint Motion Regarding Production of Protected Information re 15 Order on Motion for Miscellaneous Relief, filed by Christi Angelo, L. Shane Land, T.L.. (Dudukgian, Goriune) (Entered: 09/06/2024)

Sept. 6, 2024

Sept. 6, 2024

25

SLG TEXT ORDER: Defendants' Unopposed Motion to File Under Seal at Docket 21 is GRANTED. The confidential Affidavit of Parent A at Docket 22 is ACCEPTED as filed as a sealed document. (SCD, COURT STAFF) (Entered: 09/10/2024)

Sept. 10, 2024

Sept. 10, 2024

Order on Motion to Seal

Sept. 10, 2024

Sept. 10, 2024

26

REPLY to Response to Motion re 20 MOTION for Relief From Order Granting Joint Motion Regarding Production of Protected Information re 15 Order on Motion for Miscellaneous Relief, filed by Laura Kelly, Matanuska-Susitna Borough School District, David Russell, Angela Snow. (Strickland, Allison) (Entered: 09/13/2024)

Sept. 13, 2024

Sept. 13, 2024

27

MOTION to Amend/Correct Scheduling Order (Unopposed) by Christi Angelo, L. Shane Land, T.L.. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order Granting Plaintiff's Motion to Amend Scheduling Order)(Dudukgian, Goriune) (Entered: 09/17/2024)

Sept. 17, 2024

Sept. 17, 2024

28

ORDER granting 27 Unopposed Motion to Amend Scheduling Order. See Order for details. Signed by Judge Sharon L. Gleason on 9/18/2024. (JDS, COURT STAFF) (Entered: 09/18/2024)

Sept. 18, 2024

Sept. 18, 2024

29

ORDER granting in part and denying in part 20 Motion for Relief from Order Granting Joint Motion Regarding Production of Protected Information. See Order for details. Signed by Judge Sharon L. Gleason on 11/18/2024. (JDS, COURT STAFF) (Entered: 11/19/2024)

Nov. 19, 2024

Nov. 19, 2024

30

Witness List by Matanuska-Susitna Borough School District, David Russell, Angela Snow, Laura Kelly. (Strickland, Allison) (Entered: 11/19/2024)

Nov. 19, 2024

Nov. 19, 2024

31

Witness List by T.L., L. Shane Land, Christi Angelo. (Dudukgian, Goriune) (Entered: 11/19/2024)

Nov. 19, 2024

Nov. 19, 2024

32

MOTION to Amend/Correct Scheduling Order (Unopposed) by T.L., L. Shane Land, Christi Angelo. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Dudukgian, Goriune) (Entered: 12/02/2024)

Dec. 2, 2024

Dec. 2, 2024

33

ORDER granting 32 Motion to Amend Scheduling Order. See Order for amended deadlines. Signed by Judge Sharon L. Gleason on 12/3/2024. (SCD, COURT STAFF) (Entered: 12/03/2024)

Dec. 3, 2024

Dec. 3, 2024

34

Witness List by T.L., L. Shane Land, Christi Angelo. (Dudukgian, Goriune) (Entered: 12/20/2024)

Dec. 20, 2024

Dec. 20, 2024

35

NOTICE of Withdrawal of Counsel by Matanuska-Susitna Borough School District, David Russell, Angela Snow, Laura Kelly (Sandone, Megan) (Entered: 01/28/2025)

Jan. 28, 2025

Jan. 28, 2025

36

MOTION to Certify Class Student Subclass by Christi Angelo, L. Shane Land, T.L.. (Attachments: # 1 Miguel Declaration, # 2 Land Declaration, # 3 Dudukgian Declaration, # 4 Exhibit 1, # 5 Exhibit 2, # 6 Exhibit 3, # 7 Exhibit 4, # 8 Exhibit 5, # 9 Proposed Order)(Palmer, Aneliese) (Entered: 02/13/2025)

Feb. 13, 2025

Feb. 13, 2025

37

MOTION for Extension of Time to File Motion for Class Certification for Parent Subclass (Unopposed) by Christi Angelo, L. Shane Land, T.L.. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Dudukgian, Goriune) (Entered: 02/13/2025)

Feb. 13, 2025

Feb. 13, 2025

38

SLG TEXT ORDER: The Court requires chambers copies of all future filings greater than 50 pages in length. Chambers copies shall be an exact replica of the filed document, including the document footer assigned by the CM/ECF System; exhibits/attachments must be separately identified with readily visible tabs; and must be legible, single-sided, and two-hole punched at the center of the top page.(RMC, COURT STAFF) (Entered: 02/14/2025)

Feb. 14, 2025

Feb. 14, 2025

39

SLG TEXT ORDER: The Unopposed Motion for Extension of Time at Docket 37 is GRANTED. The deadline for a motion for class certification on behalf of the Parent Subclass is extended to March 17, 2025. (RMC, COURT STAFF) (Entered: 02/14/2025)

Feb. 14, 2025

Feb. 14, 2025

Order on Motion for Extension of Time to File

Feb. 14, 2025

Feb. 14, 2025

Order

Feb. 14, 2025

Feb. 14, 2025

40

RESPONSE to Motion (Non-Opposition) re 36 MOTION to Certify Class Student Subclass filed by Laura Kelly, Matanuska-Susitna Borough School District, David Russell, Angela Snow. (Sandone, Megan) (Entered: 02/25/2025)

Feb. 25, 2025

Feb. 25, 2025

41

ORDER granting 36 Motion for Class Certification of Student Subclass. See Order for details. Signed by Judge Sharon L. Gleason on 2/26/2025. (JDS, COURT STAFF) (Entered: 02/26/2025)

Feb. 26, 2025

Feb. 26, 2025

42

STIPULATION Re: Certification of the Parent Subclass by Christi Angelo, L. Shane Land, T.L.. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order Granting Class Certification of Parent Subclass)(Dudukgian, Goriune) (Entered: 03/17/2025)

March 17, 2025

March 17, 2025

43

ORDER approving 42 Stipulation Re: Certification of the Parent Subclass. See order for details. Signed by Judge Sharon L. Gleason on 3/18/2025. (SCD, COURT STAFF) (Entered: 03/18/2025)

March 18, 2025

March 18, 2025

44

SLG TEXT ORDER: A Status Conference to discuss further proceedings in this matter is scheduled for May 8, 2025, at 9:30 a.m. in Anchorage Courtroom 2. (JDS, COURT STAFF) (Entered: 04/11/2025)

April 11, 2025

April 11, 2025

1 - Set/Reset Hearings (Private Entry)

April 11, 2025

April 11, 2025

Order

April 11, 2025

April 11, 2025

***Set Hearings: Status Conference set for 5/8/2025 at 9:30 AM in Anchorage Courtroom 2. (JDS, COURT STAFF)

April 11, 2025

April 11, 2025

45

MOTION to Amend/Correct Scheduling Order (Unopposed) by Christi Angelo, L. Shane Land, T.L.. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Dudukgian, Goriune) (Entered: 04/21/2025)

April 21, 2025

April 21, 2025

46

MOTION for Leave to Appear Telephonically (Unopposed) by Christi Angelo, L. Shane Land, T.L.. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Dudukgian, Goriune) (Entered: 04/22/2025)

April 22, 2025

April 22, 2025

47

SLG TEXT ORDER: The Unopposed Motion to Allow Telephonic Appearance at Docket 46 is GRANTED. Attorney Goriune Dudukgian may appear telephonically at the May 8, 2025 hearing by dialing 571-353-2301 (Call ID 020262828, Pin 487051) approximately five minutes before the scheduled hearing time. (JDS, COURT STAFF) (Entered: 04/25/2025)

April 25, 2025

April 25, 2025

Order on Motion for Leave to Appear

April 25, 2025

April 25, 2025

48

ORDER granting 45 Motion to Amend/Correct Scheduling Order. Close of Fact Discovery due by 9/15/2025. Dispositive Motions due by 10/14/2025. See Order for additional deadlines. Signed by Judge Sharon L. Gleason on 4/30/2025. (ANM, COURT STAFF) (Entered: 04/30/2025)

April 30, 2025

April 30, 2025

49

SLG TEXT ORDER: In light of the Court's Order at Docket 48 granting the Unopposed Motion to Amend Scheduling Order (Dkt. 45), the Status Conference on May 8, 2025, is VACATED. (JDS, COURT STAFF) (Entered: 05/07/2025)

May 7, 2025

May 7, 2025

1 - Terminate Hearings AND Order

May 7, 2025

May 7, 2025

50

Joint MOTION [Second - Regarding Production of Protected Information] by Laura Kelly, Matanuska-Susitna Borough School District, David Russell, Angela Snow. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit [Notice], # 2 Proposed Order)(Sandone, Megan) (Entered: 05/15/2025)

May 15, 2025

May 15, 2025

51

STIPULATION and Partial Settlement Agreement Re: Parent Subclass by Christi Angelo, L. Shane Land, T.L..(Dudukgian, Goriune) (Entered: 05/16/2025)

May 16, 2025

May 16, 2025

RECAP
52

Joint MOTION Preliminary Approval of Settlement of Parent Subclass Claim by Christi Angelo, L. Shane Land, T.L.. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Dudukgian, Goriune) (Entered: 05/16/2025)

May 16, 2025

May 16, 2025

RECAP
53

SLG TEXT ORDER: The Second Joint Motion Regarding Production of Protected Information at Docket 50 is GRANTED. (JDS, COURT STAFF) (Entered: 05/16/2025)

May 16, 2025

May 16, 2025

Order on Motion for Miscellaneous Relief

May 16, 2025

May 16, 2025

54

ORDER granting 52 Joint Motion for Preliminary Approval of Settlement of Parent Subclass Claim. The Court hereby ADOPTS the terms of the 51 Stipulation as the ORDER of the Court pending the determination of final approval of the settlement. A hearing on final approval of the settlement of the Parent Subclass claims shall be held on a later date that will be scheduled by the Court. Signed by Judge Sharon L. Gleason on 5/21/2025. (JDS, COURT STAFF) (Entered: 05/21/2025)

May 21, 2025

May 21, 2025

RECAP
55

MOTION to Amend/Correct Scheduling Order (Unopposed) by Christi Angelo, L. Shane Land, T.L.. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Dudukgian, Goriune) (Entered: 07/17/2025)

July 17, 2025

July 17, 2025

56

ORDER RE PLAINTIFFS' UNOPPOSED MOTION TO AMEND SCHEDULING ORDER. See order for further details. Signed by Judge Sharon L. Gleason on 7/21/25. (LMH, COURT STAFF) (Entered: 07/21/2025)

July 21, 2025

July 21, 2025

57

Joint MOTION to Amend/Correct 56 Order on Motion to Amend/Correct Joint Motion to Amend Scheduling Order by Christi Angelo, L. Shane Land, T.L.. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Palmer, Aneliese) (Entered: 10/15/2025)

Oct. 15, 2025

Oct. 15, 2025

58

ORDER granting 57 Joint Motion to Amend Scheduling Order. Discovery due by 1/15/2026. Dispositive Motions due by 2/16/2026. See Order for additional deadlines. Signed by Judge Sharon L. Gleason on 10/16/2025. (JDS, COURT STAFF) (Entered: 10/17/2025)

Oct. 17, 2025

Oct. 17, 2025

59

Witness List by Laura Kelly, Matanuska-Susitna Borough School District, David Russell, Angela Snow. (Sandone, Megan) (Entered: 12/01/2025)

Dec. 1, 2025

Dec. 1, 2025

60

Witness List by Christi Angelo, L. Shane Land, T.L.. (Dudukgian, Goriune) (Entered: 12/01/2025)

Dec. 1, 2025

Dec. 1, 2025

61

Joint MOTION for Extension of Time to Complete Discovery by Christi Angelo, L. Shane Land, T.L.. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Dudukgian, Goriune) (Entered: 12/12/2025)

Dec. 12, 2025

Dec. 12, 2025

62

SLG TEXT ORDER: The Joint Motion to Extend Fact Discovery Deadline By One Day at Docket 61 is GRANTED. The Court finds good cause to extend the deadline for the close of fact discovery to January 16, 2026. (BJK, COURT STAFF) (Entered: 12/17/2025)

Dec. 17, 2025

Dec. 17, 2025

Order AND ~Util - Set Deadlines AND ~Util - Terminate Motions

Dec. 17, 2025

Dec. 17, 2025

63

Extension of Time to File Document

Feb. 5, 2026

Feb. 5, 2026

Order AND ~Util - Set Deadlines/Hearings AND ~Util - Terminate Motions

Feb. 6, 2026

Feb. 6, 2026

Order Reassigning Case

Feb. 12, 2026

Feb. 12, 2026

66

Summary Judgment

March 2, 2026

March 2, 2026

67

Seal

March 2, 2026

March 2, 2026

69

Order on Motion to Seal

March 4, 2026

March 4, 2026

Case Details

State / Territory:

Alaska

Case Type(s):

Disability Rights

Key Dates

Filing Date: Dec. 4, 2023

Case Ongoing: Yes

Plaintiffs

Plaintiff Description:

Plaintiff seeks to represent a subclass composed of all current MSBSD students with an identified disability (including, but not limited to, students with an IEP or 504 plan) who have been subjected to a “restraint” or “seclusion” by District personnel as those terms are defined under AS 14.33.125(g). Plaintiff and the members of this proposed subclass are collectively called the “Student Subclass” in this Complaint. Parent Plaintiffs seek to represent a subclass composed of all parents and legal guardians of current MSBSD students with an identified disability (including, but not limited to, students with an IEP or 504 plan) who were subjected to a “restraint” or “seclusion” by District personnel, as those terms are defined under AS 14.33.125(g). Parent Plaintiffs and the members of this proposed subclass are collectively called the “Parent Subclass” in this complaint

Plaintiff Type(s):

Private Plaintiff

Public Interest Lawyer: No

Filed Pro Se: No

Class Action Sought: Yes

Class Action Outcome: Pending

Defendants

School District

Matanuska-Susitna Borough School District

Defendant Type(s):

Elementary/Secondary School

Case Details

Causes of Action:

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), 42 U.S.C. §§ 12111 et seq.

Ex parte Young (federal or state officials)

Section 504 (Rehabilitation Act), 29 U.S.C. § 701

State law

Constitutional Clause(s):

Unreasonable search and seizure

Other Dockets:

District of Alaska 3:23-cv-00272

Available Documents:

Complaint (any)

Trial Court Docket

Outcome

Prevailing Party: None Yet / None

Relief Granted:

None yet

Source of Relief:

None yet

Issues

General/Misc.:

Education

Failure to train

Disability and Disability Rights:

Autism

Developmental disability without intellectual disability

Integrated setting

Intellectual/developmental disability, unspecified

Mental Illness, Unspecified

Mental impairment

Reasonable Accommodations

Reasonable Modifications

Special education

Discrimination Basis:

Disability (inc. reasonable accommodations)

Jails, Prisons, Detention Centers, and Other Institutions:

Restraints (physical)

Medical/Mental Health Care:

Intellectual/Developmental Disability

Intellectual disability/mental illness dual diagnosis

Recommended Citation