Case: Grundmann v. Trump

1:25-cv-00425 | U.S. District Court for the District of District of Columbia

Filed Date: Feb. 13, 2025

Closed Date: Feb. 4, 2026

Clearinghouse coding complete

Case Summary

This case challenged President Trump's removal of an individual from her position at the Federal Labor Relations Authority (FLRA). The plaintiff here was Chair of the FLRA, appointed to a five-year term by President Biden and confirmed by the U.S. Senate in May 2022. On February 10, 2025, she received a one-sentence email from the Trump Administration stating that her position at the FLRA was “terminated, effective immediately,” with no context or reasoning for the firing. Her termination occur…

This case challenged President Trump's removal of an individual from her position at the Federal Labor Relations Authority (FLRA). The plaintiff here was Chair of the FLRA, appointed to a five-year term by President Biden and confirmed by the U.S. Senate in May 2022. On February 10, 2025, she received a one-sentence email from the Trump Administration stating that her position at the FLRA was “terminated, effective immediately,” with no context or reasoning for the firing. Her termination occurred within the broader context of the Trump Administration’s actions to shrink the federal workforce. 

On February 13, 2025, the ex-Chair filed a lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia against the President of the United States and the chairman of the FLRA. Represented by the State Democracy Defenders Fund, she sought a declaration that her removal was unlawful and an injunction, ordering her reinstatement as a member of the Board and preventing the administration from obstructing her duties. She claimed that her removal was a violation of the Federal Service Labor-Management Relations Statute, specifically 5 U.S.C. § 7104. This statute states that members of the FLRA may only be removed upon “notice and hearing” and only for “inefficiency, neglect of duty, or malfeasance in office.” Noting that none of these reasons were mentioned in the termination email, the plaintiff here contended that the firing was unlawful and a “clear attempt” to contravene Congress’s statutory scheme. District Judge Sparkle L. Sooknanan was assigned to this case on February 14, 2025. 

Also on February 14, 2025, the plaintiff filed a motion for a preliminary injunction and summary judgment. She requested preliminary relief due to the irreparable nature of the injury that an injunction would prevent. Explaining that there was no genuine issue of material fact, along with a clear violation of law causing the plaintiff to suffer irreparable injury, she sought expedited consideration of the motion. On February 17, 2025, based on a Joint Status Report filed by the parties, the Court set a briefing schedule with a hearing, if necessary, scheduled for March 7, 2025. The government filed a cross-motion for summary judgment on February 25th.

Following the March 7 hearing, the Court granted the plaintiff's motion for summary judgment and denied the defendants’ cross-motion. In the order, filed on March 12, 2025, Judge Sooknanan emphasized the need for checks and balances and the importance of abiding by longstanding Supreme Court precedent. She explained that the government's removal of the plaintiff from her position was in "clear contravention" of the Federal Service Labor-Management Relations Statute. She further held that the statute is constitutional under Congress's Article I authority. 770 F.Supp.3d 166.

As a result of this order, the plaintiff will continue to serve as a member of the FLRA until her term expires or unless she is removed earlier for inefficiency, neglect of duty, or malfeasance. The defendants are enjoined from removing her without cause or impeding her ability to fulfill her duties in any way. On May 27, the defendants asked the court to stay its order while the defendants appealed. The court rejected the request on June 13. 786 F.Supp.3d 188.

On May 8, 2025, the defendants appealed the Court's grant of summary judgment to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit, asking the court for an immediate administrative stay and a stay pending appeal. On June 18, the court of appeals issued a per curiam order administratively staying the district court's order. Without elaborating on its reasoning, the court stayed the order pending further direction and instructed the parties to complete briefing on the defendants' motion for a stay pending appeal by June 27. The court also denied a motion for rehearing en banc on July 16, 2025. 2025 WL 1995785.

The following states filed an amicus brief on behalf of the government: Florida, Alabama, Arkansas, Arizona House of Reps., Arizona Senate, Georgia, Idaho, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, and West Virginia.

On October 29, 2025, the D.C. Circuit removed the case from its oral argument calendar and held the appeal in abeyance pending the Supreme Court's disposition of Trump v. Slaughter. On January 21, 2026, the plaintiff moved to dismiss the appeal as moot after her successor, Charles Arrington, was appointed and confirmed to the FLRA, ending her statutory holdover service. She also requested that the D.C. Circuit vacate the district court's judgment and remand with instructions to dismiss the case. On February 4, 2026, the D.C. Circuit granted the motion, vacated the district court's March 12, 2025 opinion and order, and remanded with instructions to dismiss the case with prejudice. On February 11, 2026, the district court dismissed the case with prejudice pursuant to the D.C. Circuit's mandate. On June 29, 2026, the Supreme Court decided Trump v. Slaughter, overruling Humphrey's Executor v. United States and holding that statutory for-cause removal protections for members of independent agencies exercising executive power unconstitutionally restrict the President's Article II removal authority. Although this case had already been dismissed as moot, Slaughter abrogated the district court's reasoning that the Federal Service Labor-Management Relations Statute's for-cause removal protections were constitutional.

Summary Authors

Benjamin Glicksman (7/10/2026)

Aanvi Jhaveri (5/8/2025)

Jeremiah Price (6/24/2025)

Jinan Abufarha (10/26/2025)

Allison Opheim (2/10/2026)

Related Cases

Wilcox v. Trump, District of District of Columbia (2025)

Harris v. Bessent, District of District of Columbia (2025)

People

For PACER's information on parties and their attorneys, see: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/69637796/parties/grundmann-v-trump/


Attorney for Plaintiff

Attorney, Pooja Chaudhuri, (District of Columbia)

Attorney for Defendant

Attorney, Mark Reiling (District of Columbia)

Attorney, Michael S. (District of Columbia)

Attorney, Daniel J. (District of Columbia)

Expert/Monitor/Master/Other

Attorney, Darin Dalmat, (District of Columbia)

Documents in the Clearinghouse

Documents in this case
1

1:25-cv-00425

Complaint

Feb. 13, 2025

Feb. 13, 2025

Complaint
4

1:25-cv-00425

Motion for Preliminary Injunction and Summary Judgment

Feb. 14, 2025

Feb. 14, 2025

Pleading / Motion / Brief
11-1

1:25-cv-00425

Memorandum in Support of Defendants' Cross Motion for Summary Judgment and in Opposition to Plaintiff's Motion for Preliminary Injunction and Summary Judgment

Feb. 25, 2025

Feb. 25, 2025

Pleading / Motion / Brief
22

1:25-cv-00425

Memorandum Opinion

March 12, 2025

March 12, 2025

Order/Opinion

770 F.Supp.3d 166

29

1:25-cv-00425

Memorandum Opinion

June 13, 2025

June 13, 2025

Order/Opinion

770 F.Supp.3d 188

1208749811

25-05165

Order

U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit

June 18, 2025

June 18, 2025

Order/Opinion
31

1:25-cv-00425

Order

U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit

June 18, 2025

June 18, 2025

Order/Opinion
1208758291

25-05165

Order

U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit

July 16, 2025

July 16, 2025

Order/Opinion

2025 WL 1995785

1208790731

25-05165

Order

U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit

Oct. 29, 2025

Oct. 29, 2025

Order/Opinion
1208818917

25-05165

Order

U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit

Feb. 4, 2026

Feb. 4, 2026

Order/Opinion

2026 WL 303730

Docket

See docket on RECAP: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/69637796/grundmann-v-trump/

Last updated Sept. 8, 2026, 4:09 a.m.

Docket for: GRUNDMANN v. TRUMP
ECF Number Date Description Link
1 Feb. 13, 2025

COMPLAINT against All Defendants ( Filing fee $ 405 receipt number ADCDC-11478947) filed by SUSAN TSUI GRUNDMANN. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Exhibit A, # 2 Civil Cover Sheet Civil Cover Sheet and Addendum, # 3 Summons Defendant Trump Summons, # 4 Summons Defendant Kiko Summons)(Greenbaum, Jon) (Entered: 02/13/2025)

1 Exhibit Exhibit A

View on RECAP

2 Civil Cover Sheet Civil Cover Sheet and Addendum

View on PACER

3 Summons Defendant Trump Summons

View on PACER

4 Summons Defendant Kiko Summons

View on PACER

Clearinghouse
Feb. 13, 2025

Notice of Error- New Case

Feb. 13, 2025

NOTICE OF NEW CASE ERROR The following error(s) need correction: Attorney is not an Active bar member. Please refer to the court website for Bar Status Lookup, Attorney Admissions, and Renewal Information at www.dcd.uscourts.gov/attorneys. (zmtm)

Feb. 13, 2025

RESOLVED.....NOTICE OF NEW CASE ERROR The following error(s) need correction: Attorney is not an Active bar member. Please refer to the court website for Bar Status Lookup, Attorney Admissions, and Renewal Information at www.dcd.uscourts.gov/attorneys. (zmtm) Modified on 2/14/2025 (zhcn).

2 Feb. 14, 2025

SUMMONS (2) Issued Electronically as to COLLEEN DUFFY KIKO, DONALD J. TRUMP. (Attachments: # 1 Notice and Consent)(zmtm) (Entered: 02/14/2025)

RECAP
3 Feb. 14, 2025

REQUEST FOR SUMMONS TO ISSUE filed by SUSAN TSUI GRUNDMANN. (Attachments: # 1 Summons USAO)(Greenbaum, Jon) (Entered: 02/14/2025)

RECAP
4 Feb. 14, 2025

MOTION for Preliminary Injunction and Combined, MOTION for Summary Judgment by SUSAN TSUI GRUNDMANN. (Attachments: # 1 Memorandum in Support, # 2 Declaration Declaration and Exhibit A, # 3 Statement of Facts, # 4 Text of Proposed Order)(Greenbaum, Jon) (Entered: 02/14/2025)

Clearinghouse
Feb. 14, 2025

Case Assigned/Reassigned

Feb. 14, 2025

Notice of Error- New Case

Feb. 14, 2025

Case Assigned to Judge Sparkle L. Sooknanan. (zmtm)

Feb. 14, 2025

NOTICE OF NEW CASE ERROR The following error(s) need correction: Missing summonses- U.S. government. When naming a U.S. government agent or agency as a defendant, you must supply a summons for each defendant & two additional summonses for the U.S. Attorney & U.S. Attorney General. Please submit using the event Request for Summons to Issue. (zmtm)

Feb. 15, 2025

.Order AND ~Util - Set/Reset Deadlines

Feb. 15, 2025

MINUTE ORDER. After review of the Plaintiff's 1 Complaint and 4 Motion for Preliminary Injunction and Summary Judgment, the Court ORDERS the Parties to meet, confer, and file a Joint Status Report addressing the following issues by 11:00 AM on Monday February 17, 2025: (1) a proposed briefing schedule for Plaintiff's 4 Motion; (2) a statement addressing whether a hearing on the Motion is necessary, and if so, two proposed dates and times for such a hearing; and (3) a statement addressing whether the Parties anticipate factual disputes between declarants, and if so, a statement addressing whether the Parties believe an evidentiary hearing will be necessary to resolve the disputes and a proposal for proceeding with such a hearing, see LCvR 65.1(d). The Parties may also address any other issues that they believe will be helpful to the Court. Any disagreements should be noted in the Joint Status Report. Signed by Judge Sparkle L. Sooknanan on 2/15/2025. (lcrk)

5 Feb. 16, 2025

NOTICE of Appearance by Jon M. Greenbaum on behalf of All Plaintiffs (Greenbaum, Jon) (Entered: 02/16/2025)

RECAP
6 Feb. 16, 2025

NOTICE of Appearance by Pooja Chaudhuri on behalf of SUSAN TSUI GRUNDMANN (Chaudhuri, Pooja) (Entered: 02/16/2025)

RECAP
7 Feb. 16, 2025

NOTICE of Appearance by Norman Larry Eisen on behalf of All Plaintiffs (Eisen, Norman) (Entered: 02/16/2025)

RECAP
8 Feb. 17, 2025

Joint STATUS REPORT by DONALD J. TRUMP, COLLEEN DUFFY KIKO, SUSAN TSUI GRUNDMANN. (Greenbaum, Jon) (Entered: 02/17/2025)

RECAP
Feb. 17, 2025

.Order AND ~Util - Set/Reset Deadlines

Feb. 17, 2025

MINUTE ORDER: In light of the Parties' 8 Joint Status Report, the Court ORDERS the Parties to comply with the following briefing schedule: 1) The Defendants shall file their opposition and cross-motion by February 25, 2025. 2) The Plaintiff shall file her reply and opposition to the cross-motion by February 28, 2025. 3) The Defendants shall file their reply in support of the cross-motion by March 5, 2025. 4) Any hearing, if necessary, will be held in person on March 7, 2025, at 11:00 AM in Courtroom 14. Signed by Judge Sparkle L. Sooknanan on 2/17/2025. (lcrk)

9 Feb. 19, 2025

SUMMONS (2) Issued Electronically as to U.S. Attorney and U.S. Attorney General (Attachment: # 1 Notice and Consent)(zjm) (Entered: 02/19/2025)

RECAP
10 Feb. 25, 2025

NOTICE of Appearance by Alexander William Resar on behalf of All Defendants (Resar, Alexander) (Entered: 02/25/2025)

RECAP
11 Feb. 25, 2025

Cross MOTION for Summary Judgment by DONALD J. TRUMP, COLLEEN DUFFY KIKO. (Attachments: # 1 Memorandum in Support of Defendants' Cross Motion for Summary Judgment, # 2 Defendants' Statement of Undisputed Material Facts and Response to Plaintiffs' Statement of Material Facts, # 3 Proposed Order)(Resar, Alexander) (Entered: 02/25/2025)

1 Memorandum in Support of Defendants' Cross Motion for Summary Judgment

View on RECAP

2 Defendants' Statement of Undisputed Material Facts and Response to Plainti

View on PACER

3 Proposed Order

View on PACER

RECAP
12 Feb. 25, 2025

Memorandum in opposition to re 4 Motion for Preliminary Injunction,, Motion for Summary Judgment, filed by DONALD J. TRUMP, COLLEEN DUFFY KIKO. (Resar, Alexander) (Entered: 02/25/2025)

RECAP
13 Feb. 28, 2025

RETURN OF SERVICE/AFFIDAVIT of Summons and Complaint Executed. DONALD J. TRUMP served on 2/26/2025 (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Certified Mail Receipt)(Greenbaum, Jon) (Entered: 02/28/2025)

RECAP
14 Feb. 28, 2025

RETURN OF SERVICE/AFFIDAVIT of Summons and Complaint Executed. COLLEEN DUFFY KIKO served on 2/21/2025 (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Certified Mail Receipt)(Greenbaum, Jon) (Entered: 02/28/2025)

RECAP
15 Feb. 28, 2025

Memorandum in opposition to re 11 Motion for Summary Judgment, filed by SUSAN TSUI GRUNDMANN. (Greenbaum, Jon) (Entered: 02/28/2025)

RECAP
16 Feb. 28, 2025

REPLY to opposition to motion re 4 Motion for Preliminary Injunction,, Motion for Summary Judgment, filed by SUSAN TSUI GRUNDMANN. (Greenbaum, Jon) (Entered: 02/28/2025)

RECAP
March 3, 2025

NOTICE of Hearing: The parties shall appear for a Motion Hearing scheduled for March 7, 2025 at 11:00 AM in Courtroom 14 (in person) before Judge Sparkle L. Sooknanan. (lsj)

March 3, 2025

Notice of Hearing

17 March 4, 2025

NOTICE OF SUPPLEMENTAL AUTHORITY by SUSAN TSUI GRUNDMANN (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A, # 2 Exhibit B)(Greenbaum, Jon) (Entered: 03/04/2025)

RECAP
18 March 5, 2025

REPLY to opposition to motion re 11 Motion for Summary Judgment, filed by DONALD J. TRUMP, COLLEEN DUFFY KIKO. (Resar, Alexander) (Entered: 03/05/2025)

RECAP
19 March 6, 2025

NOTICE OF SUPPLEMENTAL AUTHORITY by DONALD J. TRUMP, COLLEEN DUFFY KIKO (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A - Order, Dellinger v. Bessent, No. 25-5052 (D.C. Cir. Mar. 5, 2025))(Resar, Alexander) (Entered: 03/06/2025)

RECAP
20 March 6, 2025

NOTICE OF SUPPLEMENTAL AUTHORITY by SUSAN TSUI GRUNDMANN (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A)(Greenbaum, Jon) (Entered: 03/06/2025)

RECAP
March 7, 2025

Minute Entry for Motion Hearing held before Judge Sparkle L. Sooknanan on 3/7/2025. Oral arguments submitted on Plaintiff's Motion 4 for Preliminary Injunction and Summary Judgment and Defendants' Cross Motion 11 for Summary Judgment. Motions taken under advisement; forthcoming Order. (Court Reporter: Janice Dickman) (lsj)

March 7, 2025

Motion Hearing

21 March 12, 2025

ORDER: The Plaintiff's Motion 4 for Summary Judgment is GRANTED; and the Defendants' Cross-Motion 11 for Summary Judgment is DENIED. See Order for details. Signed by Judge Sparkle L. Sooknanan on 3/12/2025. (lsj) (Entered: 03/12/2025)

RECAP
22 March 12, 2025

MEMORANDUM AND OPINION. For the reasons stated, the Court grants the Plaintiff's Motion 4 for Summary Judgment and denies the Defendants' Cross-Motion 11 for Summary Judgment. Signed by Judge Sparkle L. Sooknanan on 3/12/2025. (lsj) (Entered: 03/12/2025)

Clearinghouse
23 March 14, 2025

TRANSCRIPT OF PROCEEDINGS before Judge Sparkle L. Sooknanan held on March 7, 2025; Page Numbers: 1-54. Date of Issuance: March 14, 2025. Court Reporter: Janice Dickman, Telephone number: 202-354-3267, Transcripts may be ordered by submitting the Transcript Order FormFor the first 90 days after this filing date, the transcript may be viewed at the courthouse at a public terminal or purchased from the court reporter referenced above. After 90 days, the transcript may be accessed via PACER. Other transcript formats, (multi-page, condensed, CD or ASCII) may be purchased from the court reporter.NOTICE RE REDACTION OF TRANSCRIPTS: The parties have twenty-one days to file with the court and the court reporter any request to redact personal identifiers from this transcript. If no such requests are filed, the transcript will be made available to the public via PACER without redaction after 90 days. The policy, which includes the five personal identifiers specifically covered, is located on our website at www.dcd.uscourts.gov. Redaction Request due 4/4/2025. Redacted Transcript Deadline set for 4/14/2025. Release of Transcript Restriction set for 6/12/2025.(Dickman, Janice) (Entered: 03/14/2025)

RECAP
24 May 8, 2025

NOTICE OF APPEAL TO DC CIRCUIT COURT as to 21 Order on Motion for Preliminary Injunction, Order on Motion for Summary Judgment, 22 Memorandum & Opinion by DONALD J. TRUMP, COLLEEN DUFFY KIKO. Fee Status: No Fee Paid. Parties have been notified. (Resar, Alexander) (Entered: 05/08/2025)

RECAP
25 May 8, 2025

Transmission of the Notice of Appeal, Order Appealed (Memorandum Opinion), and Docket Sheet to US Court of Appeals. The Court of Appeals docketing fee was not paid because the appeal was filed by the government re 24 Notice of Appeal to DC Circuit Court,. (zjm) (Entered: 05/08/2025)

RECAP
May 14, 2025

USCA Case Number

May 14, 2025

USCA Case Number 25-5165 for 24 Notice of Appeal to DC Circuit Court, filed by DONALD J. TRUMP, COLLEEN DUFFY KIKO. (zjm)

26 May 27, 2025

MOTION to Stay the Court's Order Pending Appeal by COLLEEN DUFFY KIKO, DONALD J. TRUMP. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Resar, Alexander) (Entered: 05/27/2025)

1 Proposed Order

View on PACER

RECAP
June 3, 2025

.Order AND ~Util - Set/Reset Deadlines

June 3, 2025

MINUTE ORDER: On March 12, 2025, the Court granted summary judgment for the Plaintiff. See ECF No. 21. Nearly two months later, on May 8, 2025, the Defendants appealed that decision to the D.C. Circuit. See ECF No. 24. And almost three weeks after that, on May 27, 2025, the Defendants finally filed their 26 Motion to Stay the Court's Order Pending Appeal. The Court ORDERS the Plaintiff to respond to that 26 motion by June 10, 2025, and the Defendants to file any reply by June 17, 2025. Signed by Judge Sparkle L. Sooknanan on 6/3/2025. (lcas)

27 June 9, 2025

NOTICE of Waiver of Reply in Support of Defendants' Motion for Stay Pending Appeal by COLLEEN DUFFY KIKO, DONALD J. TRUMP re 26 Motion to Stay (Resar, Alexander) (Entered: 06/09/2025)

RECAP
28 June 10, 2025

RESPONSE re 26 MOTION to Stay the Court's Order Pending Appeal filed by SUSAN TSUI GRUNDMANN. (Attachments: # 1 Text of Proposed Order Proposed Order)(Greenbaum, Jon) (Entered: 06/10/2025)

1 Text of Proposed Order Proposed Order

View on PACER

RECAP
29 June 13, 2025

MEMORANDUM OPINION re the Defendants' 26 Motion to Stay the Court's Order Pending Appeal. See the attached document for details. Signed by Judge Sparkle L. Sooknanan on 6/13/2025. (lcas)

Clearinghouse
30 June 13, 2025

ORDER denying the Defendants' 26 Motion to Stay the Court's Order Pending Appeal. See the 29 Memorandum Opinion for details. Signed by Judge Sparkle L. Sooknanan on 6/13/2025. (lcas) (Entered: 06/13/2025)

RECAP
31 June 18, 2025

ORDER of USCA administratively staying 21 March 12, 2025 Order. USCA Case Number 25-5165. (zjm) (Entered: 06/25/2025)

Clearinghouse
32 Feb. 4, 2026

MANDATE of USCA as to 24 Notice of Appeal to DC Circuit Court, filed by COLLEEN DUFFY KIKO, DONALD J. TRUMP ; USCA Case Number 25-5165. (Attachments: # 1 USCA Order February 4, 2026)(zjm) (Entered: 02/10/2026)

RECAP
Feb. 11, 2026

MINUTE ORDER: Pursuant to the 32 Mandate of the United States Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit, the Court dismisses this case with prejudice as moot. Signed by Judge Sparkle L. Sooknanan on 2/11/2026. (lcdl)

Feb. 11, 2026

.Order

Case Details

State / Territory:

District of Columbia

Case Type(s):

Presidential/Gubernatorial Authority

Special Collection(s):

Trump Administration 2.0: Challenges to the Government

Key Dates

Filing Date: Feb. 13, 2025

Closing Date: Feb. 4, 2026

Case Ongoing: No

Plaintiffs

Plaintiff Description:

Member of the Federal Labor Relations Authority (FLRA) who was terminated.

Plaintiff Type(s):

Private Plaintiff

Public Interest Lawyer: Yes

Filed Pro Se: No

Class Action Sought: No

Class Action Outcome: Not sought

Defendants

Federal

Federal Labor Relations Authority

President Donald Trump

Defendant Type(s):

Jurisdiction-wide

Case Details

Causes of Action:

Federal Service Labor-Management Relations Statute, 5 U.S.C. §7101

Other Dockets:

District of District of Columbia 1:25-cv-00425

U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit 25-05165

Available Documents:

Any published opinion

Complaint (any)

Injunctive (or Injunctive-like) Relief

Trial Court Docket

Outcome

Prevailing Party: None Yet / None

Relief Sought:

Declaratory judgment

Injunction

Relief Granted:

None

Source of Relief:

None

Order Duration: 2025 - 2026

Issues

General/Misc.:

Discharge & termination plans

Presidential/Gubernatorial Authority:

Civil Service

Recommended Citation