Case: Lacy v. Federal Election Commission

1:25-cv-01808 | U.S. District Court for the District of District of Columbia

Filed Date: June 9, 2025

Case Ongoing

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Case Summary

This case, brought by a coalition of right-wing nonprofits and activists, challenged the Federal Election Commission’s (FEC) October 2024 dismissal of an administrative complaint against National Public Radio, Inc. (NPR) for alleged violations of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (FECA). Specifically, the complaint claimed that NPR had unlawfully made in-kind contributions to, and failed to disclose independent expenditures made to, the 2024 presidential campaigns of President Biden and…

This case, brought by a coalition of right-wing nonprofits and activists, challenged the Federal Election Commission’s (FEC) October 2024 dismissal of an administrative complaint against National Public Radio, Inc. (NPR) for alleged violations of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (FECA). Specifically, the complaint claimed that NPR had unlawfully made in-kind contributions to, and failed to disclose independent expenditures made to, the 2024 presidential campaigns of President Biden and Vice President Harris. NPR, as a news organization, is exempt from many of FECA’s strictures; plaintiffs contended that NPR advocated so consistently for Democratic candidates and priorities so as not to qualify for such an exemption. 

Filing in the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia and represented by private counsel, plaintiffs brought the case against the FEC on June 9, 2025, almost six-months into the second Trump Administration. Plaintiffs sought a declaration that the FEC’s dismissal of their administrative complaint was “arbitrary, capricious, and contrary to law” under FECA, an order that the FEC comply with such a declaration, and attorneys’ fees. On June 10, 2025, the case was assigned to Judge Randolph D. Moss.

On July 22, 2025, the FEC filed notice of Lack of Quorum. This was due to a series of resignations and disputed firings by the Trump administration in April 2025, which left the FEC, typically a six-member agency, with only three remaining active commissioners. This means that the FEC cannot meet the required four votes to authorize most agency actions, and thus the agency “lacks quorum.” 

One month later, the parties filed a joint status report proposing next steps for the litigation due to the FEC’s failure to respond to the complaint and inability to defend against it. In the status report, the FEC stated that because it lacked quorum, it was “unable to assert or advocate a position on proposed next steps.” The plaintiffs proposed a default judgement in favor of plaintiffs. In the alternative, if the case was not resolved via default, plaintiffs stated that they would “conduct limited discovery” focused on the FEC’s actions in connection to plaintiff’s administrative complaint.

On August 26, 2025, NPR filed a motion to intervene as a defendant, as well as a motion to dismiss if the motion to intervene was granted. On October 1, 2025, in a minute order, the Court granted the motion to intervene, ordered the caption of the case changed, and ordered that defendant's motion to dismiss was deemed filed. The court found that NPR had standing to intervene in the case because they had a legally protected interest that could be impaired by plaintiff's suit and the FEC could not adequately defend that interest. In the alternative, the court found that NPR could intervene because its defense shared a question of common defense with the main action and there was no undue prejudice by intervention at this early stage. Judge Moss ordered plaintiffs to respond to NPR's motion to dismiss by November 3.

This case is ongoing.

Summary Authors

Matt Petrillo (6/18/2025)

Madeline Kaplan (10/1/2025)

People

For PACER's information on parties and their attorneys, see: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/70496175/parties/lacy-v-federal-election-commission/


Judge(s)

Moss, Randolph Daniel (District of Columbia)

Attorney for Plaintiff

Azerrad, Erielle (District of Columbia)

Davidson, Erielle (District of Columbia)

Hertz, Bradley (District of Columbia)

Attorney for Defendant

Mendro, Jason J. (District of Columbia)

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Documents in the Clearinghouse

Document
1

1:25-cv-01808

Complaint for Declaratory and Injunctive Relief

June 9, 2025

June 9, 2025

Complaint
15

1:25-cv-01808

Joint Status Report

Lacy et al. v. Federal Election Commission

Aug. 22, 2025

Aug. 22, 2025

Pleading / Motion / Brief
19

1:25-cv-01808

National Public Radio, Inc.’s Motion For Intervention As A Defendant

Lacy et al. v. Federal Election Commission et al.

Aug. 26, 2025

Aug. 26, 2025

Pleading / Motion / Brief

Docket

See docket on RECAP: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/70496175/lacy-v-federal-election-commission/

Last updated Dec. 3, 2025, 1:28 a.m.

ECF Number Description Date Link Date / Link
1

COMPLAINT against FEDERAL ELECTION COMMISSION ( Filing fee $ 405 receipt number ADCDC-11745386) filed by JAMES LACY in his capacity as President of United States Justice Foundation and Policy Issues Institute, ALEXANDER TOMESCU, POLICY ISSUES INSTITUTE, UNITED STATES JUSTICE FOUNDATION. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Exhibit 1, # 2 Civil Cover Sheet Civil Cover Sheet, # 3 Summons Summons)(Davidson, Erielle) (Entered: 06/09/2025)

1 Exhibit Exhibit 1

View on RECAP

2 Civil Cover Sheet Civil Cover Sheet

View on PACER

3 Summons Summons

View on PACER

June 9, 2025

June 9, 2025

Clearinghouse
2

LCvR 26.1 CERTIFICATE OF DISCLOSURE of Corporate Affiliations and Financial Interests by POLICY ISSUES INSTITUTE, UNITED STATES JUSTICE FOUNDATION (Davidson, Erielle) (Entered: 06/09/2025)

June 9, 2025

June 9, 2025

RECAP
3

REQUEST FOR SUMMONS TO ISSUE filed by ALEXANDER TOMESCU, JAMES LACY, POLICY ISSUES INSTITUTE, UNITED STATES JUSTICE FOUNDATION. Related document: 1 Complaint, filed by JAMES LACY, ALEXANDER TOMESCU, UNITED STATES JUSTICE FOUNDATION, POLICY ISSUES INSTITUTE. (Attachments: # 1 Summons summons)(Davidson, Erielle) (Entered: 06/10/2025)

June 10, 2025

June 10, 2025

4

STANDING ORDER: The parties are hereby ORDERED to comply with the directives set forth in the attached Standing Order. See document for details. Signed by Judge Randolph D. Moss on 6/10/2025. (lcrdm3) (Entered: 06/10/2025)

June 10, 2025

June 10, 2025

5

SUMMONS (2) Issued Electronically as to FEDERAL ELECTION COMMISSION and U.S. Attorney General (Attachments: # 1 Notice and Consent)(zdp) (Entered: 06/10/2025)

June 10, 2025

June 10, 2025

6

REQUEST FOR SUMMONS TO ISSUE filed by ALEXANDER TOMESCU, JAMES LACY, POLICY ISSUES INSTITUTE, UNITED STATES JUSTICE FOUNDATION. Related document: 1 Complaint, filed by JAMES LACY, ALEXANDER TOMESCU, UNITED STATES JUSTICE FOUNDATION, POLICY ISSUES INSTITUTE.(Davidson, Erielle) (Entered: 06/10/2025)

June 10, 2025

June 10, 2025

7

SUMMONS (1) Issued Electronically as to U.S. Attorney (Attachments: # 1 Notice and Consent)(zdp) (Entered: 06/10/2025)

June 10, 2025

June 10, 2025

Notice of Error- New Case

June 10, 2025

June 10, 2025

Case Assigned/Reassigned

June 10, 2025

June 10, 2025

Case Assigned to Judge Randolph D. Moss. (znmw)

June 10, 2025

June 10, 2025

NOTICE OF NEW CASE ERROR regarding 1 Complaint,. The following error(s) need correction: Missing summonses- U.S. government. When naming a U.S. government agent or agency as a defendant, you must supply a summons for each defendant & two additional summonses for the U.S. Attorney & U.S. Attorney General. Do not sign and date summonses. Please submit using the event Request for Summons to Issue. (znmw)

June 10, 2025

June 10, 2025

8

MOTION for Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice :Attorney Name- Bradley William Hertz, Filing fee $ 100, receipt number ADCDC-11756890. Fee Status: Fee Paid. by JAMES LACY, POLICY ISSUES INSTITUTE, ALEXANDER TOMESCU, UNITED STATES JUSTICE FOUNDATION. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration Declaration, # 2 Exhibit Certificate of Good Standing)(Davidson, Erielle) (Entered: 06/16/2025)

June 16, 2025

June 16, 2025

Order on Motion for Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice

June 16, 2025

June 16, 2025

MINUTE ORDER: Upon consideration of Plaintiffs' Motion for Admission Pro Hac Vice, Dkt. 8, it is hereby ORDERED that the motion is GRANTED. Bradley W. Hertz is hereby granted leave to appear pro hac vice in this case. Counsel should register for e-filing via PACER and file a notice of appearance pursuant to LCvR 83.6(a). Click for Instructions. Signed by Judge Randolph D. Moss on 6/16/2025. (lcrdm3)

June 16, 2025

June 16, 2025

9

RETURN OF SERVICE/AFFIDAVIT of Summons and Complaint Executed as to the United States Attorney. Date of Service Upon United States Attorney on 6/17/2025. Answer due for ALL FEDERAL DEFENDANTS by 8/16/2025. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Certified Mail Return Card, # 2 Exhibit USPS tracking)(Davidson, Erielle) (Entered: 07/22/2025)

July 22, 2025

July 22, 2025

10

RETURN OF SERVICE/AFFIDAVIT of Summons and Complaint Executed on United States Attorney General. Date of Service Upon United States Attorney General 6/17/2025. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Certified Mail Return Card, # 2 Exhibit USPS tracking)(Davidson, Erielle) (Entered: 07/22/2025)

July 22, 2025

July 22, 2025

11

RETURN OF SERVICE/AFFIDAVIT of Summons and Complaint Executed. FEDERAL ELECTION COMMISSION served on 6/16/2025 (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit USPS tracking)(Davidson, Erielle) (Entered: 07/22/2025)

July 22, 2025

July 22, 2025

12

NOTICE of Lack of Quorum by FEDERAL ELECTION COMMISSION (Cunningham, Brian) (Entered: 07/22/2025)

July 22, 2025

July 22, 2025

13

NOTICE of Filing of Certification of Votes by FEDERAL ELECTION COMMISSION (Attachments: # 1 Amended Certification)(Cunningham, Brian) (Entered: 07/22/2025)

July 22, 2025

July 22, 2025

14

NOTICE of Appearance by Bradley Hertz on behalf of All Plaintiffs (Hertz, Bradley) (Entered: 07/28/2025)

July 28, 2025

July 28, 2025

.Order AND ~Util - Set/Reset Deadlines

Aug. 19, 2025

Aug. 19, 2025

MINUTE ORDER: In light of the Federal Election Commission's failure to answer the complaint by the Court's August 16, 2025, deadline, Dkt. 9, and the Commission's notice that it lacks a quorum and cannot defend this action, Dkt. 12, it is hereby ORDERED that the parties shall file a status report on or before September 2, 2025, proposing next steps for this litigation. Signed by Judge Randolph D. Moss on 08/19/2025. (lcrdm3)

Aug. 19, 2025

Aug. 19, 2025

15

Joint STATUS REPORT re: Proposed Next Steps in the Litigation by JAMES LACY. (Hertz, Bradley) (Entered: 08/22/2025)

Aug. 22, 2025

Aug. 22, 2025

Clearinghouse
16

NOTICE of Appearance by Jason J. Mendro on behalf of NATIONAL PUBLIC RADIO, INC. (Mendro, Jason) (Main Document 16 replaced on 8/26/2025) (znmw). (Entered: 08/25/2025)

Aug. 25, 2025

Aug. 25, 2025

17

LCvR 26.1 CERTIFICATE OF DISCLOSURE of Corporate Affiliations and Financial Interests by NATIONAL PUBLIC RADIO, INC. (Mendro, Jason) (Main Document 17 replaced on 8/26/2025) (znmw). (Entered: 08/25/2025)

Aug. 25, 2025

Aug. 25, 2025

18

NOTICE of Appearance by Cameron Joseph Edward Pritchett on behalf of NATIONAL PUBLIC RADIO, INC. (Pritchett, Cameron) (Entered: 08/26/2025)

Aug. 26, 2025

Aug. 26, 2025

19

MOTION to Intervene as a Defendant by NATIONAL PUBLIC RADIO, INC.. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A - Memorandum of Law in Support of Motion to Intervene, # 2 Exhibit B - Proposed Order Granting Motion to Intervene, # 3 Exhibit C - Motion to Dismiss, # 4 Exhibit D - Memorandum of Law in Support of Motion to Dismiss, # 5 Exhibit E - Proposed Order Granting Motion to Dismiss, # 6 Exhibit F - Response to Complaint, # 7 Exhibit G - Enforcement Priority System Dismissal Report)(Mendro, Jason) (Entered: 08/26/2025)

Aug. 26, 2025

Aug. 26, 2025

Clearinghouse
20

NOTICE of Ex. H - Statement of Reasons by NATIONAL PUBLIC RADIO, INC. re 19 Motion to Intervene,, (Mendro, Jason) (Entered: 08/26/2025)

Aug. 26, 2025

Aug. 26, 2025

RESOLVED.....NOTICE of Provisional/Government Not Certified Status re 18 NOTICE of Appearance by Cameron Joseph Edward Pritchett on behalf of NATIONAL PUBLIC RADIO, INC. (Pritchett, Cameron).Your attorney renewal/government certification has not been received. As a result, your membership with the U.S. District & Bankruptcy Courts for the District of Columbia is not in good standing, and you are not permitted to file. Pursuant to Local Civil Rule 83.9, you must immediately correct your membership status by following the appropriate instructions on this page of our website: https://www.dcd.uscourts.gov/attorney-renewal. Please be advised that the presiding judge in this case has been notified that you are currently not in good standing to file in this court. Renewal Due by 9/3/2025. (zapb) Modified on 8/27/2025 (zapb).

Aug. 27, 2025

Aug. 27, 2025

Notice of Provisional/Government Not Certified Status

Aug. 27, 2025

Aug. 27, 2025

21

MOTION for Extension of Time to File Response/Reply as to 19 MOTION to Intervene as a Defendant by JAMES LACY, POLICY ISSUES INSTITUTE, ALEXANDER TOMESCU, UNITED STATES JUSTICE FOUNDATION. (Attachments: # 1 Text of Proposed Order)(Azerrad, Erielle) (Entered: 09/05/2025)

Sept. 5, 2025

Sept. 5, 2025

Order on Motion for Extension of Time to File Response/Reply AND Set/Reset Deadlines

Sept. 5, 2025

Sept. 5, 2025

MINUTE ORDER: Upon consideration of plaintiffs' unopposed motion for extension of time, Dkt. 21, it is hereby ORDERED that the motion is GRANTED. Plaintiffs shall respond to NPR's motions on or before September 30, 2025. NPR shall file its reply on or before November 5, 2025. Signed by Judge Randolph D. Moss on 9/5/2025. (lcrdm3)

Sept. 5, 2025

Sept. 5, 2025

22

Memorandum in opposition to re 19 MOTION to Intervene as a Defendant filed by JAMES LACY, POLICY ISSUES INSTITUTE, ALEXANDER TOMESCU, UNITED STATES JUSTICE FOUNDATION. (Attachments: # 1 Text of Proposed Order)(Azerrad, Erielle) (Entered: 09/30/2025)

Sept. 30, 2025

Sept. 30, 2025

RECAP

Set/Reset Deadlines

Oct. 1, 2025

Oct. 1, 2025

Order on Motion to Intervene

Oct. 1, 2025

Oct. 1, 2025

MINUTE ORDER: Upon consideration of National Public Radio, Inc.'s Motion to Intervene as Defendant, Dkt. 19, it is hereby ORDERED that the motion is GRANTED. NPR has standing to intervene as the beneficiary of the challenged agency action. Crossroads Grassroots Policy Strategies v. FEC, 788 F.3d 312 (D.C. Cir. 2015). The motion to intervene is timely as it was filed only 10 days after the Commission's answer was due. The Court also concludes that NPR, as the beneficiary of the challenged Commission decision, has a legally protected interest in the case that might be impaired by Plaintiffs' suit, and that the Commission, which cannot defend this action, will not adequately represent that interest. Campaign Legal Center v. FEC, 334 F.R.D. 1 (D.D.C. 2019); Fed. R. Civ. P. 24(a)(2). Alternatively, NPR also satisfies the standard for permissive intervention, as its defense shares a common question of law - the legality of the Commission's decision - with the main action, and its intervention at this early stage will not unduly prejudice Plaintiffs. Fed. R. Civ. P. 24(b). It is FURTHER ORDERED that the caption in this case is amended to reflect the same.It is further ORDERED that NPRs motion to dismiss, Dkt. [19-3], and the supporting memorandum of law, Dkt. [19-4], are DEEMED FILED. It is further ORDERED that Plaintiffs shall respond to the motion to dismiss on or before November 3, 2025. Signed by Judge Randolph D. Moss on 10/1/25. (zglw)

Oct. 1, 2025

Oct. 1, 2025

Set/Reset Deadlines: Responses due by 11/3/2025 (zglw)

Oct. 1, 2025

Oct. 1, 2025

23

Memorandum in opposition to motion

Nov. 3, 2025

Nov. 3, 2025

24

Take Judicial Notice

Nov. 3, 2025

Nov. 3, 2025

RECAP
25

Dismiss

Nov. 4, 2025

Nov. 4, 2025

RECAP
26

Extension of Time to File Response/Reply

Nov. 4, 2025

Nov. 4, 2025

27

Errata

Nov. 4, 2025

Nov. 4, 2025

Order on Motion for Extension of Time to File Response/Reply AND Set/Reset Deadlines

Nov. 5, 2025

Nov. 5, 2025

28

Reply to opposition to motion

Nov. 24, 2025

Nov. 24, 2025

Case Details

State / Territory:

District of Columbia

Case Type(s):

Election/Voting Rights

Special Collection(s):

Trump Administration 2.0: Challenges to the Government

Key Dates

Filing Date: June 9, 2025

Case Ongoing: Yes

Plaintiffs

Plaintiff Description:

Four right-wing nonprofits and activists.

Plaintiff Type(s):

Non-profit NON-religious organization

Private Plaintiff

Public Interest Lawyer: No

Filed Pro Se: No

Class Action Sought: No

Class Action Outcome: Not sought

Defendants

Federal Election Commission (- United States (national) -), Federal

National Public Radio (NPR), Private Entity/Person

Defendant Type(s):

Jurisdiction-wide

Case Details

Other Dockets:

District of District of Columbia 1:25-cv-01808

Available Documents:

Complaint (any)

Trial Court Docket

Outcome

Prevailing Party: None Yet / None

Relief Granted:

None yet

Source of Relief:

None yet

Issues

Voting:

Election administration

Voting: General & Misc.