Case: American Oversight v. U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement

1:25-cv-01987 | U.S. District Court for the District of District of Columbia

Filed Date: June 26, 2025

Case Ongoing

Clearinghouse coding complete

Case Summary

This case challenged the government’s lack of transparency with immigration enforcement records. On April 10, 2025, American Oversight, a non-profit organization, submitted a FOIA request to ICE seeking documents including internal emails, policy memoranda, enforcement statistics, and communications regarding immigration enforcement priorities and policy changes.  On June 26, 2025, American Oversight filed this lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia against U.S. Immigra…

This case challenged the government’s lack of transparency with immigration enforcement records. On April 10, 2025, American Oversight, a non-profit organization, submitted a FOIA request to ICE seeking documents including internal emails, policy memoranda, enforcement statistics, and communications regarding immigration enforcement priorities and policy changes. 

On June 26, 2025, American Oversight filed this lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia against U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) under the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA). In the complaint, the plaintiff alleged that ICE unlawfully withheld agency records and did not make a determination on the request or produce any responsive records within FOIA’s 20-business-day statutory deadlines. 

The complaint further asserted that ICE failed to provide adequate justification or claim any applicable exemptions to withhold the requested information, thus violating FOIA’s transparency and disclosure mandates. The plaintiff also alleged that ICE had communicated internally about enforcement tactics and policy shifts without public disclosure, raising concerns about lack of accountability and oversight in immigration enforcement practices. Additionally, the complaint noted that the delay in processing the FOIA request hindered the public’s ability to understand and assess ICE’s actions during a period of heightened immigration enforcement.

Represented by its own counsel, American Oversight sought injunctive relief ordering ICE to search for and produce non-exempt records of its enforcement policies, internal communications, and decision-making; injunctive relief preventing further withholding of non-exempt records; and attorneys’ fees and costs. District Judge Rudolph Contreras was assigned to the case.

Following court orders beginning on August 25, 2025, the parties have met and conferred roughly every month, submitting joint status reports on September 8, 2025; October 8, 2025; November 7, 2025; January 9, 2026; February 10, 2026; March 10, 2026; April 9, 2026; May 12, 2026; July 9, 2026; and September 9, 2026.

The most recent joint status report, dated September 9, 2026, proposed filing the next status report on December 10, 2026, after ICE completed producing documents. The court set the next status deadline for December 10, 2026.

As of September 20, 2026, this case is ongoing.

Summary Authors

Cristina Gonzalez (9/20/2026)

Victoria Tan (7/11/2025)

People

For PACER's information on parties and their attorneys, see: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/70639767/parties/american-oversight-v-us-immigration-customs-enforcement/


Judge(s)

Contreras, Rudolph (District of Columbia)

Attorney for Plaintiff

Lewis, Emma (District of Columbia)

Martinez, Daniel Havlir (District of Columbia)

Attorney for Defendant

Escher, Sam (District of Columbia)

Peraza, Danielle Ditttmar (District of Columbia)

Documents in the Clearinghouse

Documents in this case
1

1:25-cv-01987

Complaint

June 26, 2025

June 26, 2025

Complaint

Docket

See docket on RECAP: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/70639767/american-oversight-v-us-immigration-customs-enforcement/

Last updated Sept. 25, 2026, 4:09 a.m.

Docket for: AMERICAN OVERSIGHT v. U.S. IMMIGRATION & CUSTOMS ENFORCEMENT
ECF Number Date Description Link
1 June 26, 2025

COMPLAINT against U.S. IMMIGRATION & CUSTOMS ENFORCEMENT ( Filing fee $ 405 receipt number ADCDC-11777620) filed by AMERICAN OVERSIGHT. (Attachments: # 1 Civil Cover Sheet, # 2 Summons USAO, # 3 Summons AG, # 4 Summons ICE)(Lewis, Emma) (Entered: 06/26/2025)

1 Civil Cover Sheet

View on RECAP

2 Summons USAO

View on PACER

3 Summons AG

View on PACER

4 Summons ICE

View on PACER

Clearinghouse
2 June 26, 2025

LCvR 26.1 CERTIFICATE OF DISCLOSURE of Corporate Affiliations and Financial Interests by AMERICAN OVERSIGHT (Lewis, Emma) (Entered: 06/26/2025)

RECAP
3 June 26, 2025

NOTICE of Appearance by Daniel Havlir Martinez on behalf of AMERICAN OVERSIGHT (Martinez, Daniel) (Entered: 06/26/2025)

RECAP
4 June 26, 2025

SUMMONS (3) Issued Electronically as to U.S. IMMIGRATION & CUSTOMS ENFORCEMENT, U.S. Attorney and U.S. Attorney General (Attachments: # 1 Notice and Consent)(zmtm) (Entered: 06/26/2025)

RECAP
June 26, 2025

Case Assigned/Reassigned

June 26, 2025

Case Assigned to Judge Rudolph Contreras. (zmtm)

5 July 9, 2025

RETURN OF SERVICE/AFFIDAVIT of Summons and Complaint Executed. U.S. IMMIGRATION & CUSTOMS ENFORCEMENT served on 7/1/2025 (Attachments: # 1 Declaration)(Martinez, Daniel) (Entered: 07/09/2025)

RECAP
6 July 9, 2025

RETURN OF SERVICE/AFFIDAVIT of Summons and Complaint Executed as to the United States Attorney. Date of Service Upon United States Attorney on 6/26/2025. ( Answer due for ALL FEDERAL DEFENDANTS by 7/26/2025.), RETURN OF SERVICE/AFFIDAVIT of Summons and Complaint Executed on United States Attorney General. Date of Service Upon United States Attorney General 7/3/2025. (See Docket Entry 5 to view document). (znmw) Modified on 7/9/2025 (znmw). (Entered: 07/09/2025)

RECAP
July 9, 2025

Summons Returned Executed as to U.S. Attorney General AND Summons Returned Executed in FOIA case as to U.S. Attorney

7 July 25, 2025

Consent MOTION for Extension of Time to Respond to Complaint by U.S. IMMIGRATION & CUSTOMS ENFORCEMENT. (Attachments: # 1 Text of Proposed Order)(Escher, Sam) (Entered: 07/25/2025)

RECAP
July 28, 2025

Order on Motion for Extension of Time to

July 28, 2025

MINUTE ORDER granting 7 Motion for Extension of Time: It is hereby ORDERED that Defendant shall respond to the Complaint on or before August 25, 2025. SO ORDERED. Signed by Judge Rudolph Contreras on 07/28/2025. (lcrc2)

July 29, 2025

Set/Reset Deadlines

July 29, 2025

Set/Reset Deadlines: Answer due by 8/25/2025. (tj)

8 Aug. 25, 2025

ANSWER to Complaint by U.S. IMMIGRATION & CUSTOMS ENFORCEMENT.(Escher, Sam) (Entered: 08/25/2025)

RECAP
Aug. 25, 2025

Set/Reset Deadlines

Aug. 25, 2025

.Order

Aug. 25, 2025

MINUTE ORDER: It is hereby ORDERED that the parties shall meet, confer, and jointly submit a proposed briefing schedule on or before September 8, 2025. SO ORDERED. Signed by Judge Rudolph Contreras on 08/25/2025. (lcrc2)

Aug. 25, 2025

Set/Reset Deadlines: Proposed Briefing Schedule due by 9/8/2025 (tj)

9 Sept. 8, 2025

Joint STATUS REPORT by U.S. IMMIGRATION & CUSTOMS ENFORCEMENT. (Escher, Sam) (Entered: 09/08/2025)

Clearinghouse
Sept. 8, 2025

.Order

Sept. 8, 2025

MINUTE ORDER: Upon consideration of 9 the parties' Joint Status Report, it is hereby ORDERED that the parties shall meet, confer, and submit a Joint Status Report by October 8, 2025. SO ORDERED. Signed by Judge Rudolph Contreras on 9/8/2025. (lcrc2)

10 Oct. 8, 2025

STATUS REPORT by AMERICAN OVERSIGHT. (Martinez, Daniel) (Entered: 10/08/2025)

RECAP
Oct. 8, 2025

.Order

Oct. 8, 2025

MINUTE ORDER: Upon consideration of 10 Plaintiff's Status Report, it is hereby ORDERED that the parties shall file a Joint Status Report on or before November 7, 2025. SO ORDERED. Signed by Judge Rudolph Contreras on 10/08/2025. (lcrc2)

11 Nov. 7, 2025

STATUS REPORT by AMERICAN OVERSIGHT. (Martinez, Daniel) (Entered: 11/07/2025)

RECAP
12 Dec. 30, 2025

Consent MOTION for Extension of Time to File a Joint Status Report by U.S. IMMIGRATION & CUSTOMS ENFORCEMENT. (Attachments: # 1 Text of Proposed Order)(Escher, Sam) (Entered: 12/30/2025)

1 Text of Proposed Order

View on PACER

RECAP
Jan. 1, 2026

Order on Motion for Extension of Time to

Jan. 1, 2026

MINUTE ORDER granting 12 Motion for Extension of Time: It is hereby ORDERED that the parties shall file a Joint Status Report on or before January 9, 2026. SO ORDERED. Signed by Judge Rudolph Contreras on 1/1/2026. (lcr2)

Jan. 5, 2026

Set/Reset Deadlines

Jan. 5, 2026

Set/Reset Deadlines: Status Report due by 1/9/2026 (tj)

13 Jan. 9, 2026

Joint STATUS REPORT by U.S. IMMIGRATION & CUSTOMS ENFORCEMENT. (Escher, Sam) (Entered: 01/09/2026)

RECAP
Jan. 9, 2026

Set/Reset Deadlines

Jan. 9, 2026

.Order

Jan. 9, 2026

MINUTE ORDER: Upon consideration of 13 the parties' Joint Status Report, it is hereby ORDERED that the parties shall file another Joint Status Report on or before February 10, 2026. SO ORDERED. Signed by Judge Rudolph Contreras on 1/9/2026. (lcrc2)

Jan. 9, 2026

Set/Reset Deadlines: Status Report due by 2/10/2026 (tj)

14 Feb. 10, 2026

Joint STATUS REPORT by U.S. IMMIGRATION & CUSTOMS ENFORCEMENT. (Escher, Sam) (Entered: 02/10/2026)

RECAP
Feb. 10, 2026

.Order

Feb. 10, 2026

MINUTE ORDER: Upon consideration of 14 the parties' Joint Status Report, it is hereby ORDERED that the parties shall file another Joint Status Report on or before March 10, 2026. SO ORDERED. Signed by Judge Rudolph Contreras on 2/10/2026. (lcrc2)

Feb. 11, 2026

Set/Reset Deadlines: Status Report due by 3/10/2026 (tj)

Feb. 11, 2026

Set/Reset Deadlines

15 March 10, 2026

Joint STATUS REPORT by U.S. IMMIGRATION & CUSTOMS ENFORCEMENT. (Attachments: # 1 Clark Declaration, # 2 Plaintiff's Proposed Order)(Escher, Sam) (Entered: 03/10/2026)

1 Clark Declaration

View on PACER

2 Plaintiff's Proposed Order

View on PACER

RECAP
March 16, 2026

MINUTE ORDER: Upon consideration of 15 the parties' Joint Status Report, it is hereby ORDERED that the parties shall submit another Joint Status Report on or before April 9, 2026. SO ORDERED. Signed by Judge Rudolph Contreras on 3/16/2026. (lcrc2)

March 16, 2026

.Order

March 17, 2026

Set/Reset Deadlines: Status Report due by 4/9/2026 (tj)

March 17, 2026

Set/Reset Deadlines

16 April 9, 2026

Joint STATUS REPORT by AMERICAN OVERSIGHT. (Martinez, Daniel) (Entered: 04/09/2026)

RECAP
April 9, 2026

.Order

April 9, 2026

MINUTE ORDER: Upon consideration of 16 the parties' Joint Status Report, it is hereby ORDERED that the parties shall submit another Joint Status Report on or before May 12, 2026. SO ORDERED. Signed by Judge Rudolph Contreras on 4/9/2026. (lcrc2)

April 14, 2026

Set/Reset Deadlines: Status Report due by 5/12/2026 (tj)

April 14, 2026

Set/Reset Deadlines

17 May 12, 2026

Joint STATUS REPORT by U.S. IMMIGRATION & CUSTOMS ENFORCEMENT. (Escher, Sam) (Entered: 05/12/2026)

RECAP
May 12, 2026

.Order

May 12, 2026

MINUTE ORDER: Upon consideration of 17 the parties' Joint Status Report, it is hereby ORDERED that the parties shall submit another Joint Status Report on or before July 9, 2026. SO ORDERED. Signed by Judge Rudolph Contreras on 5/12/2026. (lcrc2)

May 13, 2026

Set/Reset Deadlines: Status Report due by 7/9/2026 (tj)

May 13, 2026

Set/Reset Deadlines

18 July 9, 2026

Status Report

RECAP
July 10, 2026

.Order

July 10, 2026

Set/Reset Deadlines

19 July 15, 2026

Notice of Withdrawal of Appearance

RECAP
20 Sept. 4, 2026

Notice of Substitution of Counsel

RECAP
21 Sept. 10, 2026

Status Report

Clearinghouse
Sept. 10, 2026

.Order

Sept. 16, 2026

Set/Reset Deadlines

Sept. 16, 2026

Set/Reset Deadlines: Status Report due by 12/10/2026 (tj)

Case Details

State / Territory:

District of Columbia

Case Type(s):

Immigration and/or the Border

Special Collection(s):

Trump Administration 1.0 & 2.0 FOIA cases

Trump Administration 2.0: Challenges to the Government

Key Dates

Filing Date: June 26, 2025

Case Ongoing: Yes

Plaintiffs

Plaintiff Description:

American Oversight, a nonprofit organization that focuses on government accountability and transparency through public records requests and investigations.

Plaintiff Type(s):

Non-profit NON-religious organization

Public Interest Lawyer: Yes

Filed Pro Se: No

Class Action Sought: No

Class Action Outcome: Not sought

Defendants

Federal

U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement

Defendant Type(s):

Jurisdiction-wide

Facility Type(s):

Government-run

Case Details

Causes of Action:

FOIA (Freedom of Information Act), 5 U.S.C. § 552

Other Dockets:

District of District of Columbia 1:25-cv-01987

Available Documents:

Complaint (any)

Trial Court Docket

Outcome

Prevailing Party: None Yet / None

Relief Sought:

Attorneys fees

Injunction

Relief Granted:

None yet

Source of Relief:

None yet

Issues

General/Misc.:

Records Disclosure

Recommended Citation