Case: Davids v. Adams

1:25-cv-00334 | U.S. District Court for the District of Idaho

Filed Date: June 26, 2025

Case Ongoing

Clearinghouse coding complete

Case Summary

This case challenged the Idaho Department of Health and Welfare’s interpretation of the recently passed Idaho House Bill 135 and their decision to impose immigration status verification requirements on recipients of certain federally-funded public welfare programs. On June 26, 2025, a family health physician and five anonymous plaintiffs filed a class action in the U.S. District Court for the District of Idaho. Represented by the ACLU of Idaho, the National Immigration Law Center and private at…

This case challenged the Idaho Department of Health and Welfare’s interpretation of the recently passed Idaho House Bill 135 and their decision to impose immigration status verification requirements on recipients of certain federally-funded public welfare programs. On June 26, 2025, a family health physician and five anonymous plaintiffs filed a class action in the U.S. District Court for the District of Idaho. Represented by the ACLU of Idaho, the National Immigration Law Center and private attorneys, plaintiffs sought declaratory and permanent injunctive relief enjoining Defendants from enforcing immigration status verification requirements for Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program beneficiaries. They also sought a preliminary injunction for immediate relief and attorneys’ fees. The case was assigned to U.S. District Judge Amanda K. Brailsford.

Plaintiffs argued that House Bill 135 unlawfully restricted access to federally-funded lifesaving HIV services for anyone who is unable to provide proof of immigration status; these treatments and services were typically made available through the federally funded Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program to people regardless of immigration status. They alleged that the bill violated the Supremacy Clause, which limits immigration regulation to the federal, rather than state government. Plaintiffs also alleged that the Idaho Department of Health and Welfare’s implementation of the bill violated procedural due process since no notice, hearings, and grace period were provided, and violated equal protection guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment, since the bill failed to show a compelling reason to regulate solely based on immigration status. 

The same day, Plaintiffs filed a separate motion for a temporary restraining order and preliminary injunction, seeking to enforce relief sought in the complaint to a provisionally certified class including all current and future persons who would qualify for services through the Ryan White Program, but who would be unable to provide sufficient proof of immigration status. Finally, Plaintiffs filed a separate motion for class certification, seeking to certify the class alleged in the complaint.

The Court granted a temporary restraining order on June 30, 2025, pausing enforcement of House Bill 135 for the five anonymous plaintiffs in the case. On July 24, 2025, the court granted the motion for a preliminary injunction and provisionally certified the class. This blocked House Bill 135 from being implemented until litigation concluded for all people in Idaho who qualify or might qualify in the future for services through the Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program. Defendants filed a motion to dismiss on August 29, 2025; details of this motion are not available to the Clearinghouse at this time.   

As of September 2025, enforcement of the bill’s immigration status verification requirements is blocked. Litigation over declaratory and permanent injunctive relief, as well as class certification, is ongoing.

Summary Authors

Claire Pollard (9/5/2025)

Amanda Gao (10/12/2025)

People

For PACER's information on parties and their attorneys, see: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/70646774/parties/davids-v-adams/


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Documents in the Clearinghouse

Document
2

1:25-cv-00334

Plaintiffs’ Motion for Temporary Restraining Order, Preliminary Injunction, and Provisional Class Certification

June 26, 2025

June 26, 2025

Pleading / Motion / Brief
3

1:25-cv-00334

Plaintiff's Motion for Class Certification

June 26, 2025

June 26, 2025

Pleading / Motion / Brief
3

1:25-cv-00334

Plaintiffs' Motion for Class Certification

June 26, 2025

June 26, 2025

Pleading / Motion / Brief
1

1:25-cv-00334

Class Action Complaint for Declaratory and Injunctive Relief

Davids et al. v. Adams

June 26, 2025

June 26, 2025

Complaint
37

1:25-cv-00334

Memorandum Decision and Order

Davids et al. v. Adams

July 24, 2025

July 24, 2025

Order/Opinion

2025 WL 2083832

40

1:25-cv-00334

Motion to Dismiss Class Action Complaint for Declaratory and Injunctive Relief

Aug. 29, 2025

Aug. 29, 2025

Pleading / Motion / Brief

Docket

See docket on RECAP: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/70646774/davids-v-adams/

Last updated Dec. 8, 2025, 4:27 a.m.

ECF Number Description Date Link Date / Link
1

COMPLAINT Class Action Complaint for Declaratory and Injunctive Relief against All Defendants ( Filing fee $ 405 receipt number AIDDC-2947608.), filed by All Plaintiffs. (Attachments: # 1 Cover Sheet Civil Cover Sheet, # 2 Civil Cover Sheet Attachment)(Southwick, Paul)

1 Cover Sheet Civil Cover Sheet

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2 Civil Cover Sheet Attachment

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June 26, 2025

June 26, 2025

Clearinghouse
2

Emergency MOTION for Temporary Restraining Order Preliminary Injunction, and Provisional Class Certification Paul Carlos Southwick appearing for Plaintiffs Abby Davids, John Doe, F. F., J.A. O.G., K. P., N. R.. Responses due by 7/17/2025 (Attachments: # 1 Memorandum in Support of TRO, PI, Provisional Class Certification, # 2 Declaration of Dr. Abby Davids, # 3 Exhibit A, # 4 Exhibit B, # 5 Exhibit C, # 6 Exhibit D, # 7 Exhibit E, # 8 Declaration of K.P., # 9 Declaration of N.R., # 10 Declaration of F.F., # 11 Declaration of J.A.O.G., # 12 Declaration of John Doe)(Southwick, Paul)

1

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June 26, 2025

June 26, 2025

Clearinghouse
3

MOTION to Certify Class Paul Carlos Southwick appearing for Plaintiffs John Doe, F. F., J.A. O.G., K. P., N. R.. Responses due by 7/17/2025 (Attachments: # 1 Memorandum in Support, # 2 Declaration of Paul C. Southwick, # 3 Declaration of Joanna Elise Cuevas Ingram, # 4 Declaration of Brian Whittaker, # 5 Declaration of Nikki Ramirez-Smith)(Southwick, Paul)

June 26, 2025

June 26, 2025

Clearinghouse
4

MOTION to Proceed in Pseudonym Paul Carlos Southwick appearing for Plaintiffs John Doe, F. F., J.A. O.G., K. P., N. R.. Responses due by 7/17/2025 (Attachments: # 1 Memorandum in Support)(Southwick, Paul)

June 26, 2025

June 26, 2025

5

MOTION FOR PRO HAC VICE APPEARANCE by Joanna Elise Cuevas-Ingram. ( Filing fee $ 250 receipt number AIDDC-2947752.)Emily Myrei Croston appearing for Plaintiffs Abby Davids, John Doe, F. F., J.A. O.G., K. P., N. R.. Responses due by 7/18/2025 (Croston, Emily)

June 27, 2025

June 27, 2025

6

MOTION FOR PRO HAC VICE APPEARANCE by Tanya Broder. ( Filing fee $ 250 receipt number AIDDC-2947777.)Emily Myrei Croston appearing for Plaintiffs Abby Davids, John Doe, F. F., D. M., J.A. O.G., K. P., N. R.. Responses due by 7/18/2025 (Croston, Emily)

June 27, 2025

June 27, 2025

7

DOCKET ENTRY ORDER approving 5 Motion for Pro Hac Vice Appearance of attorney Joanna Elise Cuevas Ingram for Abby Davids,Joanna Elise Cuevas Ingram for John Doe,Joanna Elise Cuevas Ingram for F. F.,Joanna Elise Cuevas Ingram for D. M.,Joanna Elise Cuevas Ingram for J.A. O.G.,Joanna Elise Cuevas Ingram for K. P.,Joanna Elise Cuevas Ingram for N. R.. Per Local Rule 83.4(e), out-of-state counsel shall immediately register for ECF. (Notice sent to CM/ECF Registration Clerk) (caused to be mailed to non Registered Participants at the addresses listed on the Notice of Electronic Filing (NEF) by (jd)

June 27, 2025

June 27, 2025

8

MOTION FOR PRO HAC VICE APPEARANCE by Kevin Siegel. ( Filing fee $ 250 receipt number AIDDC-2947784.)Emily Myrei Croston appearing for Plaintiffs Abby Davids, John Doe, F. F., D. M., J.A. O.G., K. P., N. R.. Responses due by 7/18/2025 (Croston, Emily)

June 27, 2025

June 27, 2025

9

DOCKET ENTRY ORDER approving 6 AND 8 Motion for Pro Hac Vice Appearance of attorney Tanya Broder and Kevin Siegel for Abby Davids, for John Doe, for F. F., for D. M., for J.A. O.G., for K. P., for N. R.. Per Local Rule 83.4(e), out-of-state counsel shall immediately register for ECF. (Notice sent to CM/ECF Registration Clerk) (caused to be mailed to non Registered Participants at the addresses listed on the Notice of Electronic Filing (NEF) by (jd)

June 27, 2025

June 27, 2025

10

MOTION FOR PRO HAC VICE APPEARANCE by Brian J. Whittaker. ( Filing fee $ 250 receipt number AIDDC-2948168.)Seth D Levy appearing for Plaintiffs Abby Davids, John Doe, F. F., D. M., J.A. O.G., K. P., N. R.. Responses due by 7/18/2025 (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A - Admitted Courts List)(Levy, Seth)

June 27, 2025

June 27, 2025

11

MOTION FOR PRO HAC VICE APPEARANCE by Vincent C. Capati. ( Filing fee $ 250 receipt number AIDDC-2948181.)Seth D Levy appearing for Plaintiffs Abby Davids, John Doe, F. F., D. M., J.A. O.G., K. P., N. R.. Responses due by 7/18/2025 (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A - Admitted Courts List)(Levy, Seth)

June 27, 2025

June 27, 2025

12

MOTION FOR PRO HAC VICE APPEARANCE by Jacqueline D. Relatores. ( Filing fee $ 250 receipt number AIDDC-2948184.)Seth D Levy appearing for Plaintiffs Abby Davids, John Doe, F. F., D. M., J.A. O.G., K. P., N. R.. Responses due by 7/18/2025 (Levy, Seth)

June 27, 2025

June 27, 2025

13

MOTION FOR PRO HAC VICE APPEARANCE by Alvaro C. Dominguez. ( Filing fee $ 250 receipt number AIDDC-2948231.)Seth D Levy appearing for Plaintiffs Abby Davids, John Doe, F. F., J.A. O.G., K. P., N. R.. Responses due by 7/18/2025 (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A - Admitted Courts List)(Levy, Seth)

June 27, 2025

June 27, 2025

14

DOCKET ENTRY ORDER approving 13, 10, 11 and 12 Motion for Pro Hac Vice Appearance of attorney Brian J. Whittaker,Vincent C. Capati,Jacqueline D. Relatores,Alvaro Cure Dominguez for Abby Davids, John Doe, F. F., J.A. O.G., K. P., N. R. Per Local Rule 83.4(e), out-of-state counsel shall immediately register for ECF. (Notice sent to CM/ECF Registration Clerk) (caused to be mailed to non Registered Participants at the addresses listed on the Notice of Electronic Filing (NEF) by (jd)

June 30, 2025

June 30, 2025

15

EX PARTE TEMPORARY RESTRAINING ORDER - Plaintiffs Emergency Motion for Temporary Restraining Order is GRANTED (Dkt. 2 ). This TRO shall remain in effect for fourteen (14) days until the Court holds a preliminary injunction hearing, which will occur on July 15, 2025, at 1:00 p.m. The Court orders the following expedited briefing schedule on Plaintiffs motion for preliminary injunction: Defendants response is due by July 7, 2025, and any reply is due by July 11, 2025. The bond requirement under Rule 65(c) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure is WAIVED. Signed by Judge Amanda K Brailsford. (caused to be mailed to non Registered Participants at the addresses listed on the Notice of Electronic Filing (NEF) by (jd)

June 30, 2025

June 30, 2025

RECAP

Set/Reset Deadlines as to Plaintiff's motion for preliminary injunction. Responses due by 7/7/2025. Replies due by 7/11/2025. (jd)

June 30, 2025

June 30, 2025

16

DOCKET ENTRY ORDER: In accordance with the Court's Ex Parte Restraining Order (Dkt. 15), the parties are ordered to adhere to the expedited briefing schedule identified therein with regard to Plaintiffs' pending Motion for Class Certification (Dkt. 3). Briefs in opposition are due July 7, 2025, and any reply brief is due July 11, 2025. Plaintiffs are additionally ordered to submit, by July 2, 2025, a status report concerning service of process upon Defendants, as well as service of all subsequent, substantive filings in this matter, including the Court's Ex Parte Restraining Order (Dkt. 15). Signed by Judge Amanda K Brailsford. (caused to be mailed to non Registered Participants at the addresses listed on the Notice of Electronic Filing (NEF) by (zsz)

July 1, 2025

July 1, 2025

17

MOTION FOR PRO HAC VICE APPEARANCE by Neal F. Dougherty. ( Filing fee $ 250 receipt number AIDDC-2949479.)Nikki Rachelle Ramirez-Smith appearing for Plaintiffs Abby Davids, John Doe, F. F., J.A. O.G., K. P., N. R.. Responses due by 7/22/2025 (Ramirez-Smith, Nikki)

July 1, 2025

July 1, 2025

18

STATUS REPORT on Service by Abby Davids, John Doe, F. F., J.A. O.G., K. P., N. R.. (Southwick, Paul)

July 1, 2025

July 1, 2025

19

DOCKET ENTRY ORDER approving 17 Motion for Pro Hac Vice Appearance of attorney Neal Dougherty for Abby Davids,Neal Dougherty for John Doe,Neal Dougherty for F. F.,Neal Dougherty for J.A. O.G.,Neal Dougherty for K. P.,Neal Dougherty for N. R.. Per Local Rule 83.4(e), out-of-state counsel shall immediately register for ECF. (Notice sent to CM/ECF Registration Clerk) (caused to be mailed to non Registered Participants at the addresses listed on the Notice of Electronic Filing (NEF) by (jd)

July 2, 2025

July 2, 2025

20

RESPONSE to Motion re 2 Emergency MOTION for Temporary Restraining Order Preliminary Injunction, and Provisional Class Certification filed by Alex Adams, Angie Bailey, Raul Labrador, Elke Shaw-Tulloch, Miren Unsworth. Replies due by 7/21/2025. (Attachments: # 1 Affidavit Declaration of Angie Bailey, # 2 Exhibit Ex. 1, # 3 Exhibit Ex. 2)(Myers, David)

1 Affidavit Declaration of Angie Bailey

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2 Exhibit Ex. 1

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3 Exhibit Ex. 2

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July 7, 2025

July 7, 2025

21

RESPONSE to Motion re 2 Emergency MOTION for Temporary Restraining Order Preliminary Injunction, and Provisional Class Certification Response on provisional class certification filed by Alex Adams, Angie Bailey, Raul Labrador, Elke Shaw-Tulloch, Miren Unsworth. Replies due by 7/21/2025.(Myers, David)

July 7, 2025

July 7, 2025

22

NOTICE of Appearance by David J Myers on behalf of Alex Adams, Angie Bailey, Raul Labrador, Elke Shaw-Tulloch, Miren Unsworth (Myers, David)

July 7, 2025

July 7, 2025

23

NOTICE of Availability of Magistrate Judge and Requirement for Consent sent to counsel for Alex Adams, Angie Bailey, Abby Davids, F. F., Raul Labrador, J.A. O.G., K. P., N. R., Elke Shaw-Tulloch, Miren Unsworth re. 22 Notice of Appearance, 1 Complaint, Consent/Objection to Magistrate due by 8/7/2025. (ac)

July 8, 2025

July 8, 2025

24

NOTICE of Appearance by Megan Claire Anderson on behalf of Alex Adams, Angie Bailey, Raul Labrador, Elke Shaw-Tulloch, Miren Unsworth (Anderson, Megan)

July 8, 2025

July 8, 2025

25

NOTICE of Appearance by James Edward Monroe Craig on behalf of Alex Adams, Angie Bailey, Raul Labrador, Elke Shaw-Tulloch, Miren Unsworth (Craig, James)

July 8, 2025

July 8, 2025

26

Unopposed MOTION for Leave to File Excess Pages not to Exceed 15 Pages Paul Carlos Southwick appearing for Plaintiffs John Doe, F. F., J.A. O.G., K. P., N. R.. Responses due by 7/30/2025 (Southwick, Paul)

July 9, 2025

July 9, 2025

27

ORDER GRANTING PLAINTIFFS' UNOPPOSED MOTION FOR LEAVE TO FILE OVERLENGTH REPLY BRIEF - IT IS HEREBY ORDERED: Plaintiffs' Unopposed Motion for Leave to File an Overlength Reply Brief not to exceed fifteen pages (Dkt. 26 ) is GRANTED.Signed by Judge Amanda K Brailsford. (caused to be mailed to non Registered Participants at the addresses listed on the Notice of Electronic Filing (NEF) by (ac)

July 10, 2025

July 10, 2025

28

REPLY to Response to Motion re 2 Emergency MOTION for Temporary Restraining Order Preliminary Injunction, and Provisional Class Certification filed by Abby Davids, John Doe, F. F., J.A. O.G., K. P., N. R..Motion Ripe Deadline set for 7/14/2025. (Attachments: # 1 Suppl. Davids Decl., # 2 Exhibit A, # 3 Exhibit B, # 4 Exhibit C, # 5 Exhibit D, # 6 Exhibit E, # 7 Exhibit F)(Croston, Emily)

1 Suppl. Davids Decl.

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2 Exhibit A

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3 Exhibit B

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4 Exhibit C

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5 Exhibit D

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6 Exhibit E

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7 Exhibit F

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July 11, 2025

July 11, 2025

29

REPLY to Response to Motion re 3 MOTION to Certify Class filed by John Doe, F. F., J.A. O.G., K. P., N. R..Motion Ripe Deadline set for 7/14/2025.(Croston, Emily)

July 11, 2025

July 11, 2025

30

NOTICE by Alex Adams, Angie Bailey, Raul Labrador, Elke Shaw-Tulloch, Miren Unsworth Notice of Supplemental Authority (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit 1 - HHS Interpretation of Federal Public Benefits)(Myers, David)

July 11, 2025

July 11, 2025

31

Minute Entry for proceedings held before Judge Amanda K Brailsford: Motion Hearing held on 7/15/2025 re 2 Emergency MOTION for Temporary Restraining Order Preliminary Injunction, and Provisional Class Certification and 3 MOTION to Certify Class. Counsel presented argument. The Court will extend the TRO for 14 days or until the preliminary injunction motion decision issues. The scope of the TRO is extended to a provisional class, defined as all current or future persons residing in Idaho who have been diagnosed with HIV and who would qualify for federally funded services through the Ryan White Program unless required to verify they are qualified aliens for those benefits. THESE MINUTES SHALL STAND AS THE ORDER OF THE COURT. (Court Reporter: Tiffany Fisher) (kt)

July 15, 2025

July 15, 2025

32

NOTICE by Alex Adams, Angie Bailey, Raul Labrador, Elke Shaw-Tulloch, Miren Unsworth Notice of Supplemental Authority (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit 1)(Myers, David)

July 16, 2025

July 16, 2025

33

Unopposed MOTION for Extension of Time to File Response/Reply as to 4 MOTION to Proceed in Pseudonym, 3 MOTION to Certify Class David J Myers appearing for Defendants Alex Adams, Angie Bailey, Raul Labrador, Elke Shaw-Tulloch, Miren Unsworth. Responses due by 8/6/2025 (Myers, David)

July 16, 2025

July 16, 2025

34

STRICKEN per dkt. 36 ORDER RE: DEFENDANTS' UNOPPOSED MOTION FOR EXTENSION OF TIME - Before the Court is Defendants' Unopposed Motion for Extension of Time (Dkt. 33 ). The Court grants the request and will allow Defendants to file their responses to Plaintiffs' Motion for Class Certification (Dkt. 3 ) and Motion to Proceed in Pseudonym (Dkt. 4 ) on or before August 29, 2025.IT IS SO ORDERED. Signed by Judge Amanda K Brailsford. (caused to be mailed to non Registered Participants at the addresses listed on the Notice of Electronic Filing (NEF) by (ac) Modified on 7/21/2025 (ac).

July 17, 2025

July 17, 2025

35

STIPULATION re 4 MOTION to Proceed in Pseudonym Stipulation for Extension of Time for Response to Motion to Proceed in Pseudonym by Alex Adams, Angie Bailey, Raul Labrador, Elke Shaw-Tulloch, Miren Unsworth. (Myers, David)

July 18, 2025

July 18, 2025

36

ORDER RE: STIPULATION FOR EXTENSION OF TIME - The Court GRANTS the stipulation at Docket 35 and will allow Defendants to file their response to Plaintiffs' Motion to Proceed in Pseudonym (Dkt. 4 ) on or before August 29, 2025.The stipulation at Docket 33 is DENIED. The Clerk is directed to strike the order found at Docket 34 from the record. IT IS SO ORDERED. Signed by Judge Amanda K Brailsford. (caused to be mailed to non Registered Participants at the addresses listed on the Notice of Electronic Filing (NEF) by (ac)

July 21, 2025

July 21, 2025

37

MEMORANDUM DECISION AND ORDER - The Court hereby ORDERS: Plaintiffs' Motion for Temporary Restraining Order, Preliminary Injunction, and Provisional Class Certification (Dkt. 2 ) is GRANTED. Signed by Judge Amanda K Brailsford. (caused to be mailed to non Registered Participants at the addresses listed on the Notice of Electronic Filing (NEF) by (ac)

July 24, 2025

July 24, 2025

Clearinghouse

NOTICE OF CONSENT DEADLINE: Pursuant to General Order 457, this is a reminder that the Court has not received your completed form in response to the 23 Notice of Availability Setting Deadline,. Please discuss this matter with your client and complete and return the consent to proceed form, if appropriate. As provided in Local Rule 73.1, your opportunity to consent will expire if we do not receive your consent prior to the 30 day deadline. * Consents are not to be filed in the case and should be emailed in pdf form to consents@id.uscourts.gov. No Judge will be informed of a party's response. (ac)

July 24, 2025

July 24, 2025

40

Dismiss

Aug. 29, 2025

Aug. 29, 2025

Clearinghouse
43

REPLY to Response to Motion re 40 MOTION to Dismiss filed by Alex Adams, Angie Bailey, Raul Labrador, Elke Shaw-Tulloch, Miren Unsworth.Motion Ripe Deadline set for 10/6/2025.(Myers, David)

Oct. 3, 2025

Oct. 3, 2025

Case Details

State / Territory:

Idaho

Case Type(s):

Immigration and/or the Border

Healthcare Access and Reproductive Issues

Key Dates

Filing Date: June 26, 2025

Case Ongoing: Yes

Plaintiffs

Plaintiff Description:

Plaintiff Davids, MD is a citizen of the United States and a resident of Idaho. She is the Program Director of the Boise Family Medicine Residency and the previous Fellowship Director of the HIV & Viral Hepatitis Fellowship at Full Circle Health. Other plaintiffs are immigrants residing in Idaho diagnosed with HIV.

Plaintiff Type(s):

Private Plaintiff

Attorney Organizations:

ACLU Affiliates (any)

National Immigration Law Center

Public Interest Lawyer: Yes

Filed Pro Se: No

Class Action Sought: Yes

Class Action Outcome: Granted

Defendants

Alex Adams, State

Miren Unsworth, State

Elke Shaw-Tulloch, State

Angie Bailey, State

Raúl Labrador, State

Defendant Type(s):

Jurisdiction-wide

Case Details

Causes of Action:

42 U.S.C. § 1983

Constitutional Clause(s):

Due Process

Equal Protection

Other Dockets:

District of Idaho 1:25-cv-00334

Available Documents:

Complaint (any)

Injunctive (or Injunctive-like) Relief

Trial Court Docket

Outcome

Prevailing Party: None Yet / None

Relief Granted:

Injunction / Injunctive-like Settlement

Source of Relief:

Litigation

Issues

Immigration/Border:

Status/Classification

Medical/Mental Health Care:

HIV/AIDS