Case: United States v. City of Boston

1:25-cv-12456 | U.S. District Court for the District of Massachusetts

Filed Date: Sept. 4, 2025

Case Ongoing

Clearinghouse coding complete

Case Summary

This case challenges Boston’s Trust Act (“the Act”), the city's primary sanctuary city legislation. Enacted in 2014, the Act prohibits the Boston Police Department from detaining individuals based solely on immigration status or civil immigration warrants. On September 4, 2025, the United States Department of Justice (DOJ) filed this lawsuit against the city of Boston in the U.S. District Court for the District of Massachusetts. The DOJ sued Boston under the Supremacy Clause, alleging that the …

This case challenges Boston’s Trust Act (“the Act”), the city's primary sanctuary city legislation. Enacted in 2014, the Act prohibits the Boston Police Department from detaining individuals based solely on immigration status or civil immigration warrants.

On September 4, 2025, the United States Department of Justice (DOJ) filed this lawsuit against the city of Boston in the U.S. District Court for the District of Massachusetts. The DOJ sued Boston under the Supremacy Clause, alleging that the Act violated 8 U.S.C. § 1373, a federal statute prohibiting local governments from restricting officials from communicating information about immigration status to federal authorities. Specifically, the DOJ challenged two provisions of the Act: 1) its prohibition on holding or arresting individuals solely based on civil immigration detainers and administrative warrants, and 2) its restriction on sharing personal information and release dates and times with Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) officers. The complaint sought declaratory and injunctive relief barring Boston's enforcement of the law.

The case was assigned to District Judge Leo T. Sorokin. On November 17, 2025, Boston filed a motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim, asserting that the DOJ’s complaint failed to establish that the Immigration and Nationality Act preempts the Act, or that the Act impermissibly discriminates against or regulates the United States. Boston further argued that the DOJ had not established standing to sue the Boston Police Department or the individually named defendants, and that the claims against those parties were otherwise improper.

On March 19, 2026, following the parties' briefing on the motion to dismiss, Judge Sorokin ordered supplemental briefing from the parties on the standing issue. Those briefs did not address "whether the United States has suffered cognizable injuries in fact traceable to the challenged conduct that are likely to be redressed by an order of this Court."

After supplemental briefing, Judge Sorokin granted Boston's motion to dismiss on May 28, holding that the DOJ lacked standing because judicial relief could not redress its alleged injuries. 2026 WL 1493706. Specifically, the judge explained that even without the Act, police officers may not arrest individuals solely based on civil immigration detainers or administrative warrants because no state authority enables them to. Therefore, striking down the Act would not give the DOJ any relief. For the information-sharing provisions, the judge noted that the text of the Act comports with 8 U.S.C. § 1373, and that the DOJ did not argue that Boston deviated from the text in enforcing the Act. As a result, declaring the Act invalid and enjoining Boston from enforcing it would not give the DOJ relief. The relief sought did not match the injury alleged.

This case is ongoing.

 

 

Summary Authors

Vedant Vamshidhar (6/30/2026)

Claire Pollard (9/6/2025)

Nithya Arun (10/13/2025)

Ben Hefter (2/13/2026)

Jack Moore (3/21/2026)

People

For PACER's information on parties and their attorneys, see: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/71271696/parties/united-states-v-city-of-boston/


Judge(s)
Attorney for Plaintiff
Attorney for Defendant

Broom, Thomas (Massachusetts)

Dinning, Sam (Massachusetts)

Expert/Monitor/Master/Other

Anderson, Austin Paganelli (Massachusetts)

Bhattacharyya, Rupa (Massachusetts)

Cohen, Jared B. (Massachusetts)

Documents in the Clearinghouse

Documents in this case
1

1:25-cv-12456

Complaint

Sept. 4, 2025

Sept. 4, 2025

Complaint
15

1:25-cv-12456

Defendants' Motion to Dismiss Plaintiff's Complaint

United States of America v. City of Boston

Nov. 17, 2025

Nov. 17, 2025

Pleading / Motion / Brief
72

1:25-cv-12456

Order on Defendants' Motion to Dismiss (Doc. No. 15)

The United States of America v. City of Boston et al.

May 28, 2026

May 28, 2026

Order/Opinion

2026 WL 1493706

Resources

Resources related to this case
Title Description External URL Date / External URL

Declaring a National Emergency at the Southern Border of the United States

The White House

Jan. 20, 2025

Jan. 20, 2025

https://www.whitehouse.gov/...

Docket

See docket on RECAP: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/71271696/united-states-v-city-of-boston/

Last updated Aug. 27, 2026, 3:54 a.m.

Docket for: United States v. City of Boston
ECF Number Date Description Link
1 Sept. 4, 2025

COMPLAINT against All Defendants (Fee Status: US Government), filed by UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit 1 - 2014 Boston Trust Act, # 2 Exhibit 2 - 2019 Boston Trust Act, # 3 Exhibit 3 - 2015 BPDs Boston Trust Act Report, # 4 Exhibit 4 2016 BPDs Boston Trust Act Report, # 5 Exhibit 2017 BPDs Boston Trust Act Report, # 6 Exhibit 2018 BPDs Boston Trust Act Report, # 7 Exhibit 2021 BPDs Boston Trust Act Report, # 8 Exhibit 2022 BPDs Boston Trust Act Report, # 9 Exhibit 2023 BPDs Boston Trust Act Report, # 10 Exhibit 2024 BPDs Boston Trust Act Report, # 11 Civil Cover Sheet, # 12 Category Form)(Wen, James). (Entered: 09/04/2025)

1 Exhibit Exhibit 1 - 2014 Boston Trust Act

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2 Exhibit Exhibit 2 - 2019 Boston Trust Act

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3 Exhibit Exhibit 3 - 2015 BPDs Boston Trust Act Report

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4 Exhibit Exhibit 4 2016 BPDs Boston Trust Act Report

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5 Exhibit Exhibit 5 2017 BPDs Boston Trust Act Report

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6 Exhibit Exhibit 6 2018 BPDs Boston Trust Act Report

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7 Exhibit Exhibit 7 2021 BPDs Boston Trust Act Report

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8 Exhibit Exhibit 8 2022 BPDs Boston Trust Act Report

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9 Exhibit Exhibit 9 2023 BPDs Boston Trust Act Report

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10 Exhibit Exhibit 10 2024 BPDs Boston Trust Act Report

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11 Civil Cover Sheet

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12 Category Form

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Clearinghouse
2 Sept. 4, 2025

NOTICE of Appearance by James Wen on behalf of UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (Wen, James) (Entered: 09/04/2025)

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3 Sept. 5, 2025

ELECTRONIC NOTICE of Case Assignment. District Judge Leo T. Sorokin assigned to case. If the trial Judge issues an Order of Reference of any matter in this case to a Magistrate Judge, the matter will be transmitted to Magistrate Judge Paul G. Levenson. (NMC) (Entered: 09/05/2025)

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4 Sept. 5, 2025

Summons Issued as to All Defendants. Counsel receiving this notice electronically should download this summons, complete one for each defendant and serve it in accordance with Fed.R.Civ.P. 4 and LR 4.1. Summons will be mailed to plaintiff(s) not receiving notice electronically for completion of service. (NVB) (Entered: 09/05/2025)

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5 Sept. 5, 2025

NOTICE of Appearance by Jordan Hulseberg on behalf of The United States of America (Hulseberg, Jordan) (Entered: 09/05/2025)

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Sept. 5, 2025

Notice of Case Assignment

6 Sept. 17, 2025

SUMMONS Returned Executed The United States of America served on 9/11/2025, answer due 10/2/2025. (Wen, James) Modified on 9/17/2025: Document removed and properly refiled as separate entries. See entries 7, 8, 9, and 10 . (FGD) (Entered: 09/17/2025)

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7 Sept. 17, 2025

SUMMONS Returned Executed. Michael A. Cox served on 9/11/2025, answer due 10/2/2025. (FGD) (Entered: 09/17/2025)

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8 Sept. 17, 2025

SUMMONS Returned Executed. The City of Boston served on 9/11/2025, answer due 10/2/2025. (FGD) (Entered: 09/17/2025)

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9 Sept. 17, 2025

SUMMONS Returned Executed. Michelle Wu served on 9/11/2025, answer due 10/2/2025. (FGD) (Entered: 09/17/2025)

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10 Sept. 17, 2025

SUMMONS Returned Executed. Boston Police Department served on 9/11/2025, answer due 10/2/2025. (FGD) (Entered: 09/17/2025)

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Sept. 17, 2025

Summons Returned Executed

11 Sept. 26, 2025

Joint MOTION for Extension of Time to 11/17/2025 to File Answer by Boston Police Department, Michael A. Cox, The City of Boston, Michelle Wu.(Dinning, Sam) (Entered: 09/26/2025)

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12 Sept. 29, 2025

District Judge Leo T. Sorokin: ELECTRONIC ORDER entered re: 11 Joint MOTION for Extension of Time to 11/17/2025 to File Answer.ALLOWED. Boston Police Department answer due 11/17/2025; Michael A. Cox answer due 11/17/2025; The City of Boston answer due 11/17/2025; Michelle Wu answer due 11/17/2025. (FGD) (Entered: 09/29/2025)

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Sept. 29, 2025

Order on Motion for Extension of Time to Answer

13 Oct. 16, 2025

District Judge Leo T. Sorokin: ORDER entered. New Civil Cases General Procedural ORDER. (FGD) (Entered: 10/16/2025)

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14 Nov. 12, 2025

NOTICE of Appearance by Thomas Broom on behalf of Boston Police Department, Michael A. Cox, The City of Boston, Michelle Wu (Broom, Thomas) (Entered: 11/12/2025)

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15 Nov. 17, 2025

MOTION TO DISMISS FOR FAILURE TO STATE A CLAIM by Boston Police Department, Michael A. Cox, The City of Boston, Michelle Wu.(Dinning, Sam) (Entered: 11/17/2025)

Clearinghouse
16 Nov. 17, 2025

MEMORANDUM in Support re 15 MOTION TO DISMISS FOR FAILURE TO STATE A CLAIM filed by Boston Police Department, Michael A. Cox, The City of Boston, Michelle Wu. (Dinning, Sam) (Entered: 11/17/2025)

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17 Nov. 17, 2025

NOTICE of Appearance by Toby Merrill on behalf of Boston Police Department, Michael A. Cox, The City of Boston, Michelle Wu (Merrill, Toby) (Entered: 11/17/2025)

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18 Nov. 17, 2025

First MOTION for Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice for admission of Erin Monju Filing fee: $ 125, receipt number AMADC-11363449 by Boston Police Department, Michael A. Cox, The City of Boston, Michelle Wu.(Merrill, Toby) (Main Document 18 replaced on 11/18/2025, detached from supporting document.) (FGD) (Additional attachment(s) added on 11/18/2025: # 1 Declaration of Erin Monju) (FGD). (Entered: 11/17/2025)

1 Declaration of Erin Monju

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19 Nov. 18, 2025

District Judge Leo T. Sorokin: ELECTRONIC ORDER entered granting 18 Motion for Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice Added Erin Monju. Attorneys admitted Pro Hac Vice must have an individual PACER account, not a shared firm account, to electronically file in the District of Massachusetts. To register for a PACER account, go the Pacer website at https://pacer.uscourts.gov/register-account. You must put the docket number under ADDITIONAL FILER INFORMATION on your form when registering or it will be rejected.Pro Hac Vice Admission Request Instructions https://www.mad.uscourts.gov/caseinfo/nextgen-pro-hac-vice.htm.A Notice of Appearance must be entered on the docket by the newly admitted attorney. (FGD) (Entered: 11/18/2025)

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Nov. 18, 2025

Order on Motion for Leave to Appear

20 Nov. 20, 2025

NOTICE of Appearance by Erin Monju on behalf of Boston Police Department, Michael A. Cox, The City of Boston, Michelle Wu (Monju, Erin) (Entered: 11/20/2025)

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21 Nov. 21, 2025

NOTICE of Appearance by Edward F. Whitesell, Jr on behalf of Michael A. Cox, The City of Boston, Michelle Wu (Whitesell, Edward) (Entered: 11/21/2025)

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22 Nov. 24, 2025

Amicus Curiae APPEARANCE entered by Jared B. Cohen on behalf of COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS. (Cohen, Jared) (Entered: 11/24/2025)

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23 Nov. 24, 2025

Assented to MOTION for Leave to File Brief of Amicus Curiae by COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS. (Attachments: # 1 Brief of Amicus Curiae Commonwealth of Massachusetts)(Cohen, Jared) (Entered: 11/24/2025)

1 Brief of Amicus Curiae Commonwealth of Massachusetts

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24 Nov. 24, 2025

Amicus Curiae APPEARANCE entered by Laura Greenberg-Chao on behalf of Amici Curiae 27 Cities, Counties, and Elected Officials. (Greenberg-Chao, Laura) (Entered: 11/24/2025)

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25 Nov. 24, 2025

MOTION for Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice for admission of Rupa Bhattacharyya Filing fee: $ 125, receipt number AMADC-11378756 by Amici Curiae 27 Cities, Counties, and Elected Officials. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Certificate of Rupa Bhattacharyya, # 2 Exhibit Proposed Order)(Greenberg-Chao, Laura) (Entered: 11/24/2025)

1 Exhibit Certificate of Rupa Bhattacharyya

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2 Exhibit Proposed Order

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26 Nov. 24, 2025

MOTION for Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice for admission of Tinesha Zandamela Filing fee: $ 125, receipt number AMADC-11378791 by Amici Curiae 27 Cities, Counties, and Elected Officials. (Attachments: # 1 Certificate of Tinesha Zandamela, # 2 Proposed Order)(Greenberg-Chao, Laura) (Entered: 11/24/2025)

1 Certificate of Tinesha Zandamela

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2 Proposed Order

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27 Nov. 24, 2025

Assented to MOTION for Leave to File Amicus Brief by Amici Curiae 27 Cities, Counties, and Elected Officials. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Brief)(Greenberg-Chao, Laura) (Entered: 11/24/2025)

1 Proposed Brief

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28 Nov. 24, 2025

NOTICE of Appearance by Austin Paganelli Anderson on behalf of Amici Curiae Law Enforcement Officials (Anderson, Austin) (Entered: 11/24/2025)

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29 Nov. 24, 2025

First MOTION for Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice for admission of Ames Grawert Filing fee: $ 125, receipt number BMADC-11378831 by Amici Curiae Law Enforcement Officials. (Attachments: # 1 Affidavit of A Grawert re PHV)(Anderson, Austin) (Entered: 11/24/2025)

1 Affidavit Affidavit of A Grawert re PHV

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30 Nov. 24, 2025

First MOTION for Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice for admission of Brianna Seid Filing fee: $ 125, receipt number AMADC-11378852 by Amici Curiae Law Enforcement Officials. (Attachments: # 1 Affidavit of B Seid re PHV)(Anderson, Austin) (Entered: 11/24/2025)

1 Affidavit of B Seid re PHV

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31 Nov. 24, 2025

First MOTION for Leave to File Amicus Brief by Amici Curiae Law Enforcement Officials. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Proposed Amicus Brief)(Anderson, Austin) (Entered: 11/24/2025)

1 Exhibit Proposed Amicus Brief

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32 Nov. 24, 2025

Assented to MOTION for Leave to File Memo of Amici Curiae by The American Civil Liberties Union of Massachusetts (ACLUM), Brazilian Women's Group, The Cape Cod Coalition for Safe Communities, Dignidad, The Dominican Development Center, Inc., The East Boston Community Council, Greater Boston Legal Services, The Haitian American New Vision of Waltham, Haitian Americans United Inc., The Immigrant Support Alliance, The International Institute of New England, Jane Doe Inc., The Massachusetts Immigrant and Refugee Advocacy Coalition, The Massachusetts Law Reform Institute, The Sisters of St. Joseph of Boston, The Student Clinic for Immigrant Justice, The Watertown Citizens for Peace, Justice & the Environment's Refugee Support Working Group. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit PROPOSED MEMORANDUM OF AMICI CURIAE)(Rossman, Jessie) (Entered: 11/24/2025)

1 Exhibit PROPOSED MEMORANDUM OF AMICI CURIAE

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33 Nov. 25, 2025

District Judge Leo T. Sorokin: ELECTRONIC ORDER entered re: 23 Assented to MOTION for Leave to File Brief of Amicus Curiae by Commonwealth of Massachusetts. ALLOWED. Counsel using the Electronic Case Filing System should now file the document for which leave to file has been granted in accordance with the CM/ECF Administrative Procedures. Counsel must include - Leave to file granted on (date of order)- in the caption of the document. (FGD) (Entered: 11/25/2025)

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34 Nov. 25, 2025

District Judge Leo T. Sorokin: ELECTRONIC ORDER entered granting 25 Motion for Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice Added Rupa Bhattacharyya. Attorneys admitted Pro Hac Vice must have an individual PACER account, not a shared firm account, to electronically file in the District of Massachusetts. To register for a PACER account, go the Pacer website at https://pacer.uscourts.gov/register-account. You must put the docket number under ADDITIONAL FILER INFORMATION on your form when registering or it will be rejected.Pro Hac Vice Admission Request Instructions https://www.mad.uscourts.gov/caseinfo/nextgen-pro-hac-vice.htm.A Notice of Appearance must be entered on the docket by the newly admitted attorney. (FGD) (Entered: 11/25/2025)

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35 Nov. 25, 2025

District Judge Leo T. Sorokin: ELECTRONIC ORDER entered granting 26 Motion for Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice Added Tinesha Zandamela. Attorneys admitted Pro Hac Vice must have an individual PACER account, not a shared firm account, to electronically file in the District of Massachusetts. To register for a PACER account, go the Pacer website at https://pacer.uscourts.gov/register-account. You must put the docket number under ADDITIONAL FILER INFORMATION on your form when registering or it will be rejected.Pro Hac Vice Admission Request Instructions https://www.mad.uscourts.gov/caseinfo/nextgen-pro-hac-vice.htm.A Notice of Appearance must be entered on the docket by the newly admitted attorney. (FGD) (Entered: 11/25/2025)

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36 Nov. 25, 2025

District Judge Leo T. Sorokin: ELECTRONIC ORDER entered re: 27 Assented to MOTION for Leave to File Amicus Brief by Amici Curiae 27 Cities, Counties, and Elected Officials.ALLOWED. Counsel using the Electronic Case Filing System should now file the document for which leave to file has been granted in accordance with the CM/ECF Administrative Procedures. Counsel must include - Leave to file granted on (date of order)- in the caption of the document. (FGD) (Entered: 11/25/2025)

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37 Nov. 25, 2025

District Judge Leo T. Sorokin: ELECTRONIC ORDER entered granting 29 Motion for Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice Added Ames Grawert. Attorneys admitted Pro Hac Vice must have an individual PACER account, not a shared firm account, to electronically file in the District of Massachusetts. To register for a PACER account, go the Pacer website at https://pacer.uscourts.gov/register-account. You must put the docket number under ADDITIONAL FILER INFORMATION on your form when registering or it will be rejected.Pro Hac Vice Admission Request Instructions https://www.mad.uscourts.gov/caseinfo/nextgen-pro-hac-vice.htm.A Notice of Appearance must be entered on the docket by the newly admitted attorney. (FGD) (Entered: 11/25/2025)

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38 Nov. 25, 2025

District Judge Leo T. Sorokin: ELECTRONIC ORDER entered granting 30 Motion for Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice Added Brianna Seid. Attorneys admitted Pro Hac Vice must have an individual PACER account, not a shared firm account, to electronically file in the District of Massachusetts. To register for a PACER account, go the Pacer website at https://pacer.uscourts.gov/register-account. You must put the docket number under ADDITIONAL FILER INFORMATION on your form when registering or it will be rejected.Pro Hac Vice Admission Request Instructions https://www.mad.uscourts.gov/caseinfo/nextgen-pro-hac-vice.htm.A Notice of Appearance must be entered on the docket by the newly admitted attorney. (FGD) (Entered: 11/25/2025)

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39 Nov. 25, 2025

District Judge Leo T. Sorokin: ELECTRONIC ORDER entered re: 31 First MOTION for Leave to File Amicus Brief by Amici Curiae Law Enforcement Officials.ALLOWED. Counsel using the Electronic Case Filing System should now file the document for which leave to file has been granted in accordance with the CM/ECF Administrative Procedures. Counsel must include - Leave to file granted on (date of order)- in the caption of the document. (FGD) (Entered: 11/25/2025)

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40 Nov. 25, 2025

District Judge Leo T. Sorokin: ELECTRONIC ORDER entered re: 32 Assented to MOTION for Leave to File Memo of Amici Curiae.ALLOWED. Counsel using the Electronic Case Filing System should now file the document for which leave to file has been granted in accordance with the CM/ECF Administrative Procedures. Counsel must include - Leave to file granted on (date of order)- in the caption of the document. (FGD) (Entered: 11/25/2025)

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41 Nov. 25, 2025

AMICUS BRIEF re 15 MOTION TO DISMISS FOR FAILURE TO STATE A CLAIM filed by Amici Curiae Law Enforcement Officials. (Anderson, Austin) Modified docket text on 11/25/2025. (FGD) (Entered: 11/25/2025)

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42 Nov. 25, 2025

AMICUS BRIEF filed by Brazilian Women's Group, Dignidad, Greater Boston Legal Services, Haitian Americans United Inc., Jane Doe Inc., The American Civil Liberties Union of Massachusetts (ACLUM), The Cape Cod Coalition for Safe Communities, The Dominican Development Center, Inc., The East Boston Community Council, The Haitian American New Vision of Waltham, The Immigrant Support Alliance, The International Institute of New England, The Massachusetts Immigrant and Refugee Advocacy Coalition, The Massachusetts Law Reform Institute, The Sisters of St. Joseph of Boston, The Student Clinic for Immigrant Justice, The Watertown Citizens for Peace, Justice & the Environment's Refugee Support Working Group . (Rossman, Jessie) (Entered: 11/25/2025)

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43 Nov. 25, 2025

AMICUS BRIEF filed by Amici Curiae 27 Cities, Counties, and Elected Officials . (Greenberg-Chao, Laura) (Entered: 11/25/2025)

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44 Nov. 25, 2025

AMICUS BRIEF filed by Commonwealth of Massachusetts . (Cohen, Jared) (Entered: 11/25/2025)

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45 Nov. 25, 2025

NOTICE of Appearance by Rupa Bhattacharyya on behalf of Amici Curiae 27 Cities, Counties, and Elected Officials (Bhattacharyya, Rupa) (Entered: 11/25/2025)

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46 Nov. 25, 2025

NOTICE of Appearance by Tinesha Zandamela on behalf of Amici Curiae 27 Cities, Counties, and Elected Officials (Zandamela, Tinesha) (Entered: 11/25/2025)

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Nov. 25, 2025

Order on Motion for Leave to File Document

Nov. 25, 2025

Order on Motion for Leave to Appear

47 Nov. 26, 2025

NOTICE of Appearance by Ames Grawert on behalf of Amici Curiae Law Enforcement Officials (Grawert, Ames) (Entered: 11/26/2025)

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48 Dec. 1, 2025

NOTICE of Appearance by Brianna Seid on behalf of Amici Curiae Law Enforcement Officials (Seid, Brianna) (Main Document 48 replaced on 12/2/2025, with corrected PDF). (FGD) (Entered: 12/01/2025)

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49 Dec. 9, 2025

Consent MOTION for Extension of Time to January 7, 2026 to To File Response to Defendants' Motion to Dismiss by The United States of America. (Attachments: # 1 Text of Proposed Order)(Wen, James) (Entered: 12/09/2025)

1 Text of Proposed Order

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50 Dec. 10, 2025

District Judge Leo T. Sorokin: ELECTRONIC ORDER entered re: 49 Consent MOTION for Extension of Time to January 7, 2026 to File Response re 15 MOTION TO DISMISS FOR FAILURE TO STATE A CLAIM.ALLOWED. Responses due by 1/7/2026. (FGD) (Entered: 12/10/2025)

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Dec. 10, 2025

Order on Motion for Extension of Time to File Response/Reply

51 Jan. 5, 2026

Assented to MOTION for Leave to File Excess Pages in Plaintiff's Opposition and Defendants' Reply by The United States of America.(Hulseberg, Jordan)

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52 Jan. 6, 2026

District Judge Leo T. Sorokin: ELECTRONIC ORDER entered re: [51] Assented to MOTION for Leave to File Excess Pages in Plaintiff's Opposition and Defendants' Reply.

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Jan. 6, 2026

Order on Motion for Leave to File Excess Pages

53 Jan. 7, 2026

Opposition re [15] MOTION TO DISMISS FOR FAILURE TO STATE A CLAIM filed by The United States of America. (Hulseberg, Jordan)

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54 Jan. 14, 2026

NOTICE of Appearance by Matthew James O'Brien on behalf of Federation for American Immigration Reform (O'Brien, Matthew)

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55 Jan. 14, 2026

Assented to MOTION for Leave to File an amicus brief in support of Plaintiff by Federation for American Immigration Reform. (Attachments: (1) Amicus Brief, (2) Proposed Order)(O'Brien, Matthew)

1 Amicus Brief

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2 Proposed Order

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56 Jan. 16, 2026

District Judge Leo T. Sorokin: ELECTRONIC ORDER entered re: [55] Assented to MOTION for Leave to File an amicus brief in support of Plaintiff.

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57 Jan. 16, 2026

AMICUS BRIEF filed by Federation for American Immigration Reform . (O'Brien, Matthew)

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Jan. 16, 2026

Order on Motion for Leave to File Document

58 Jan. 28, 2026

REPLY to Response to [15] MOTION TO DISMISS FOR FAILURE TO STATE A CLAIM filed by Boston Police Department, Michael A. Cox, The City of Boston, Michelle Wu. (Dinning, Sam)

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59 March 18, 2026

District Judge Leo T. Sorokin: ELECTRONIC ORDER entered. The parties’ briefing does not address whether the United States has Article III standing as to each of its claims against the City of Boston—that is, whether the United States has suffered cognizable injuries in fact traceable to the challenged conduct that are likely to be redressed by an order of this Court. See, e.g., Spokeo, Inc. v. Robins, 578 U.S. 330, 338 (2016); Lujan v. Defs. of Wildlife, 504 U.S. 555, 560–61 (1992). “Standing is not dispensed in gross. Rather, a plaintiff must demonstrate standing for each claim [it] seeks to press and for each form of relief that is sought.” FEC v. Davis, 554 U.S. 724, 734 (2008) (citation modified). Standing must be shown before the Court can proceed to evaluate the merits of the motion to dismiss. Accordingly, the Court orders the parties to file supplemental briefing as follows: The parties shall brief the United States’ Article III standing as to each claim and form of relief sought against the City of Boston, considering in particular (1) Massachusetts law regarding detention based on civil immigration detainers, Lunn v. Commonwealth, 78 N.E.3d 1143 (Mass. 2017), and (2) the Boston Trust Act’s information-sharing savings clause, Bos., Mass., Mun. Code ch. 11 § 1.9(D)(3) (2019). The United States’ brief is due April 1, 2026, limited to 10 pages. Defendants’ response is due April 15, 2026, limited to 14 pages. The United States’ reply is due April 22, 2026, limited to 4 pages.(FGD) (Entered: 03/18/2026)

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March 18, 2026

Order

60 April 1, 2026

Letter/request (non-motion) from Defendants . (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit United States v. Colorado Order)(Merrill, Toby) (Entered: 04/01/2026)

1 Exhibit United States v. Colorado Order

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61 April 1, 2026

Supplemental MEMORANDUM in Support re 15 MOTION TO DISMISS FOR FAILURE TO STATE A CLAIM filed by The United States of America. (Hulseberg, Jordan) (Entered: 04/01/2026)

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62 April 2, 2026

First MOTION for Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice for admission of Grace Lee Filing fee: $ 125, receipt number AMADC-11653798 by Boston Police Department, Michael A. Cox, The City of Boston, Michelle Wu. (Attachments: (1) Affidavit Declaration)(Merrill, Toby)

1 Affidavit Declaration

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63 April 3, 2026

District Judge Leo T. Sorokin: ELECTRONIC ORDER entered granting 62 Motion for Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice Added Grace Lee. Attorneys admitted Pro Hac Vice must have an individual PACER account, not a shared firm account, to electronically file in the District of Massachusetts. To register for a PACER account, go the Pacer website at https://pacer.uscourts.gov/register-account. You must put the docket number under ADDITIONAL FILER INFORMATION on your form when registering or it will be rejected.Pro Hac Vice Admission Request Instructions https://www.mad.uscourts.gov/caseinfo/nextgen-pro-hac-vice.htm.A Notice of Appearance must be entered on the docket by the newly admitted attorney. (FGD) (Entered: 04/03/2026)

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April 3, 2026

Order on Motion for Leave to Appear

64 April 6, 2026

NOTICE of Appearance by Grace Lee on behalf of Boston Police Department, Michael A. Cox, The City of Boston, Michelle Wu (Lee, Grace)

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65 April 15, 2026

Supplemental MEMORANDUM in Support re [15] MOTION TO DISMISS FOR FAILURE TO STATE A CLAIM filed by Boston Police Department, Michael A. Cox, The City of Boston, Michelle Wu. (Dinning, Sam)

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66 April 22, 2026

Supplemental MEMORANDUM in Opposition re 15 MOTION TO DISMISS FOR FAILURE TO STATE A CLAIM filed by The United States of America. (Hulseberg, Jordan) (Entered: 04/22/2026)

RECAP
67 April 23, 2026

ELECTRONIC NOTICE Setting Hearing on Motion 15 MOTION TO DISMISS FOR FAILURE TO STATE A CLAIM : Motion Hearing set for 5/13/2026 02:00 PM in Courtroom 13 (In person only) before District Judge Leo T. Sorokin. (SED) (Entered: 04/23/2026)

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April 23, 2026

Notice Setting or Resetting Hearing on Motion

68 April 29, 2026

NOTICE of Appearance by Sean Skedzielewski on behalf of The United States of America (Skedzielewski, Sean) (Entered: 04/29/2026)

RECAP
69 May 13, 2026

Electronic Clerk's Notes for proceedings held before District Judge Leo T. Sorokin: Motion Hearing held on 5/13/2026 re 15 MOTION TO DISMISS FOR FAILURE TO STATE A CLAIM. Counsel appears in person. The Court hears arguments on the pending motion. The motion is taken under advisement. (Court Reporter: Rachel Lopez at raeufp@gmail.com.)(Attorneys present: Sean Skedzielewski, Sam Dinning, Thomas Broom, Toby Merrill, and Erin Monju) (SED) (Entered: 05/13/2026)

RECAP
May 13, 2026

Motion Hearing

70 May 27, 2026

Transcript of Motion Hearing held on May 13, 2026, before Judge Leo T. Sorokin. The Transcript may be purchased through the Court Reporter, viewed at the public terminal, or viewed through PACER after it is released. Court Reporter Name and Contact Information: Rachel Lopez at raeufp@gmail.com. Redaction Request due 6/17/2026. Redacted Transcript Deadline set for 6/29/2026. Release of Transcript Restriction set for 8/25/2026. (DRK) (Entered: 05/28/2026)

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71 May 27, 2026

NOTICE is hereby given that an official transcript of a proceeding has been filed by the court reporter in the above-captioned matter. Counsel are referred to the Court's Transcript Redaction Policy, available on the court website at https://www.mad.uscourts.gov/caseinfo/transcripts.htm (DRK) (Entered: 05/28/2026)

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72 May 28, 2026

District Judge Leo T. Sorokin: ORDER entered. ORDER ON DEFENDANTS' MOTION TO DISMISS (DOC. NO. 15 ). (FGD) (Entered: 05/28/2026)

Clearinghouse
73 May 28, 2026

District Judge Leo T. Sorokin: ORDER entered. ORDER DISMISSING CASE. (FGD) (Entered: 05/28/2026)

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74 July 23, 2026

NOTICE of Appearance by Luke Miller on behalf of The United States of America (Miller, Luke) (Entered: 07/23/2026)

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75 July 23, 2026

NOTICE OF APPEAL as to 73 Order Dismissing Case, 72 Order on Motion to Dismiss for Failure to State a Claim by The United States of America. Fee Status: US Government. NOTICE TO COUNSEL: A Transcript Report/Order Form, which can be downloaded from the First Circuit Court of Appeals web site at http://www.ca1.uscourts.gov MUST be completed and submitted to the Court of Appeals. Counsel shall register for a First Circuit CM/ECF Appellate Filer Account at http://pacer.psc.uscourts.gov/cmecf. Counsel shall also review the First Circuit requirements for electronic filing by visiting the CM/ECF Information section at http://www.ca1.uscourts.gov/cmecf. US District Court Clerk to deliver official record to Court of Appeals by 8/12/2026. (Miller, Luke) (Entered: 07/23/2026)

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76 July 24, 2026

Certified and Transmitted Abbreviated Electronic Record on Appeal to US Court of Appeals re 75 Notice of Appeal. (FGD) (Entered: 07/24/2026)

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77 July 24, 2026

USCA Case Number 26-1852 for 75 Notice of Appeal, filed by The United States of America. (FGD) (Entered: 07/24/2026)

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July 24, 2026

USCA Case Number

78 Aug. 3, 2026

NOTICE of Withdrawal of Appearance by Jordan Hulseberg (Hulseberg, Jordan) (Entered: 08/03/2026)

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79 Aug. 5, 2026

NOTICE of Withdrawal of Appearance by Sean Skedzielewski (Skedzielewski, Sean) (Entered: 08/05/2026)

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80 Aug. 10, 2026

NOTICE of Withdrawal of Appearance by James Wen (Wen, James)

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81 Aug. 14, 2026

NOTICE of Withdrawal of Appearance by Tinesha Zandamela (Zandamela, Tinesha)

RECAP

Case Details

State / Territory:

Massachusetts

Case Type(s):

Immigration and/or the Border

Special Collection(s):

Trump 1.0 & 2.0 Immigration Enforcement Order Challenges

Trump Administration 2.0: Litigation and Investigations By the Government

Key Dates

Filing Date: Sept. 4, 2025

Case Ongoing: Yes

Plaintiffs

Plaintiff Description:

United States Government

Plaintiff Type(s):

U.S. Dept of Justice plaintiff

Public Interest Lawyer: Yes

Filed Pro Se: No

Class Action Sought: No

Class Action Outcome: Not sought

Defendants

City

Boston Police Department

Michael A. Cox

Michelle Wu

The City of Boston

Defendant Type(s):

Jurisdiction-wide

Case Details

Constitutional Clause(s):

Supremacy Clause

Other Dockets:

District of Massachusetts 1:25-cv-12456

Available Documents:

Any published opinion

Complaint (any)

Trial Court Docket

Outcome

Prevailing Party: Defendant

Relief Sought:

Declaratory judgment

Injunction

Relief Granted:

None

Source of Relief:

None

Issues

Immigration/Border:

Sanctuary city/state

Recommended Citation