Case: Illuminate USA LLC v. United States Customs and Border Protection

1:25-cv-00281 | U.S. Court of International Trade

Filed Date: Nov. 19, 2025

Case Ongoing

Clearinghouse coding complete

Case Summary

This case, brought in the U.S. Court of International Trade, challenges sweeping tariffs imposed by President Trump under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA). Illuminate USA LLC (plaintiff) is a U.S. importer that brought suit against U.S. Customs and Border Protection and its Commissioner, as well as the United States (defendants) on November 19, 2025. Plaintiff challenges three executive orders (hereinafter, “Trafficking Tariff Orders”) that authorize tariffs on imports fr…

This case, brought in the U.S. Court of International Trade, challenges sweeping tariffs imposed by President Trump under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA). Illuminate USA LLC (plaintiff) is a U.S. importer that brought suit against U.S. Customs and Border Protection and its Commissioner, as well as the United States (defendants) on November 19, 2025. Plaintiff challenges three executive orders (hereinafter, “Trafficking Tariff Orders”) that authorize tariffs on imports from Canada, Mexico, and China in an attempt to address drug trafficking. The Trafficking Tariff Orders rely on the IEEPA, but plaintiffs argue that IEEPA does not authorize the President to impose tariffs. Instead, plaintiffs assert that only Congress is able to impose tariffs, under the Taxing and Commerce Clauses. Plaintiffs point to V.O.S. Selections in support, as the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit affirmed a finding that the IEEPA does not authorize tariffs of any sort. V.O.S. Selections, Inc. v. Trump, 149 F. 4th 1312 (Fed. Cir. 2025). 

On December 1, 2025, the U.S. Court of International Trade consolidated over 20 cases challenging the use of the IEEPA to authorize tariffs. 

On December 23, 2025, the U.S. Court of International Trade stayed this case pending a decision in V.O.S. Selections, Inc. v. Trump and Learning Resources, Inc. v. Trump, both cases brought by businesses challenging the use of the IEEPA to impose tariffs. On February 20, 2026, the Supreme Court held that the IEEPA does not authorize the President to impose tariffs. Learning Res. Inc. v. Trump, Nos. 24-1287 and 25-250, 2026 WL 477534 (2026).

This case is ongoing.

Summary Authors

Allison Opheim (2/22/2026)

People

For PACER's information on parties and their attorneys, see: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/71935842/parties/illuminate-usa-llc-v-united-states-customs-and-border-protection/


Attorney for Plaintiff

Brew, John Bowers

Wolff, Daniel William

Attorney for Defendant

Attorney-in-Charge, Attorney-in-Charge

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Documents in the Clearinghouse

Document
2

1:25-cv-00281

Complaint

Nov. 19, 2025

Nov. 19, 2025

Complaint

Resources

Docket

See docket on RECAP: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/71935842/illuminate-usa-llc-v-united-states-customs-and-border-protection/

Last updated Feb. 23, 2026, 12:17 a.m.

ECF Number Description Date Link Date / Link
2

Complaint against All Defendants. Answer due by 1/20/2026. Filed by John Bowers Brew of Crowell & Moring, LLP on behalf of Illuminate USA LLC.(Brew, John) (Entered: 11/19/2025)

Nov. 19, 2025

Nov. 19, 2025

Clearinghouse
1

Summons . Filed by John Bowers Brew of Crowell & Moring, LLP on behalf of All Plaintiffs. (Brew, John) (Entered: 11/19/2025)

Nov. 19, 2025

Nov. 19, 2025

3

Form 5 Information Statement . Filed by John Bowers Brew of Crowell & Moring, LLP on behalf of Illuminate USA LLC. (Brew, John) (Entered: 11/19/2025)

Nov. 19, 2025

Nov. 19, 2025

4

Form 11 Notice of Appearance . Filed by John Bowers Brew of Crowell & Moring, LLP on behalf of Illuminate USA LLC.(Brew, John) (Entered: 11/19/2025)

Nov. 19, 2025

Nov. 19, 2025

5

Form 11 Notice of Appearance . Filed by John Bowers Brew of Crowell & Moring, LLP on behalf of Illuminate USA LLC.(Brew, John) (Entered: 11/19/2025)

Nov. 19, 2025

Nov. 19, 2025

6

Form 13 Corporate Disclosure Statement . Filed by John Bowers Brew of Crowell & Moring, LLP on behalf of Illuminate USA LLC. (Brew, John) (Entered: 11/19/2025)

Nov. 19, 2025

Nov. 19, 2025

7

Certificate of service . Filed by John Bowers Brew of Crowell & Moring, LLP on behalf of Illuminate USA LLC. (Brew, John) (Entered: 11/21/2025)

Nov. 21, 2025

Nov. 21, 2025

8

Motion to consolidate case(s) 1:25-cv-00281, 1:25-cv-00285, 1:25-cv-00286, 1:25-cv-00288, 1:25-cv-00290, 1:25-cv-00292, 1:25-cv-00293, 1:25-cv-00294, 1:25-cv-00295, 1:25-cv-00296, 1:25-cv-00297, 1:25-cv-00301, 1:25-cv-00302, 1:25-cv-00304, 1:25-cv-00305, 1:25-cv-00306, 1:25-cv-00308, 1:25-cv-00309, 1:25-cv-00310, 1:25-cv-00311, 1:25-cv-00316 with lead case 1:25-cv-00255 AGS Company Automotive Solutions v. CBP et al. Responses due by 12/22/2025. Filed by Valerie S. Ellis of Crowell & Moring LLP on behalf of Illuminate USA LLC.(Ellis, Valerie) (Entered: 12/01/2025)

Dec. 1, 2025

Dec. 1, 2025

9

Certificate of service . Filed by John Bowers Brew of Crowell & Moring, LLP on behalf of All Plaintiffs. (Brew, John) (Entered: 12/02/2025)

Dec. 2, 2025

Dec. 2, 2025

10

Order entered on 12/3/2025 assigning action to three-judge panel consisting of Judge Gary S. Katzmann, Timothy M. Reif, Jane A. Restani.(Swindell, Stephen) (Entered: 12/03/2025)

Dec. 3, 2025

Dec. 3, 2025

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Paperless Order entered on 12/3/2025: Upon consideration of the Consent Motion to Consolidate filed by the parties in the actions listed therein, and all other pertinent papers, and upon consent of the United States, it is hereby ORDERED that the Motion is GRANTED; and it is further ORDERED that the following actions are consolidated pursuant to USCIT Rule 42(a) with the cases that were consolidated by the court's previous November 20, 2025 order: Illuminate USA LLC v. U.S. Customs and Border Prot. (Case No. 25-281), Moog, Inc. v. United States (Case No. 25-285), LONGi Solar Tech. (U.S.) Inc. v. U.S. Customs and Border Prot. (Case No. 25-286), Ushio Am., Inc. v. U.S. Customs and Border Prot. (Case No. 25-288), Chromalloy San Diego Corp. v U.S. Customs and Border Prot. (Case No. 25-290), Toyota Tsusho Canada, Inc. v. United States (Case No. 25-292), iFIT, Inc. v. United States (Case No. 25-293), Indus. Tech Servs., Inc. v. United States (Case No. 25-294), Toyota Tsusho Nexty Elecs. Am., Inc. v U.S. Customs and Border Prot. (Case No. 25-295), Schnitzer Steel Canada Ltd. v. United States (Case No. 25-296), Toyota Tsusho Am., Inc. v. U.S. Customs and Border Prot. (Case No. 25-297), Goody Foods Corp. v. United States (Case No. 25-301), Lilla P LLC v. United States (Case No. 25-302), NP U.S.A., Inc. v. United States (Case No. 25-304), Sherrill Inc. dba Vertical Supply Grp. v. United States (Case No. 25-305), Stone Showcase, Inc. v. United States (Case No. 25-306), Alcoa USA Corp. v. United States (Case No. 25-308), OSI Elecs., Inc. v. United States (Case No. 25-309), EssilorLuxottica v. U.S. Customs and Border Prot. (Case No. 25-310), Astronics Corp. v. United States (Case No. 25-311), Costco Wholesale Corp. v. United States (Case No. 25-316); and it is further ORDERED that AGS Co. Auto. Sols. shall be Lead Plaintiff and Consol. Court No. 25-255 shall be the consolidated case number for filings that apply to all consolidated cases; and it is further ORDERED that the consolidated actions shall proceed under such further orders as the Court may issue. SO ORDERED by the panel (Related Doc # 8 ). (Goell, Geoffrey) (Entered: 12/03/2025)

Dec. 3, 2025

Dec. 3, 2025

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Ordered: To facilitate the administration of new cases that continue to be filed challenging the imposition of tariffs under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA), it is hereby ORDERED that this case is stayed. The court expects to determine the appropriate next steps for resolution of the new IEEPA tariff cases following a final, unappealable decision in V.O.S. Selections, Inc. v. United States, 49 CIT __, 772 F. Supp. 3d 1350 (2025); affd in part, vacated in part, 149 F.4th 1312 (Fed. Cir. 2025), cert. granted, Appeal No. 25-250 (S. Ct.). Any party seeking to lift the stay before the court does so sua sponte must provide good cause indicating why their case merits earlier consideration..(Warner, Scott) (Entered: 12/23/2025)

Dec. 23, 2025

Dec. 23, 2025

Case Details

Case Type(s):

Presidential/Gubernatorial Authority

Special Collection(s):

Trump Administration 2.0: Challenges to the Government

Key Dates

Filing Date: Nov. 19, 2025

Case Ongoing: Yes

Plaintiffs

Plaintiff Description:

Private business

Plaintiff Type(s):

Private Plaintiff

Public Interest Lawyer: No

Filed Pro Se: No

Class Action Sought: No

Class Action Outcome: Not sought

Case Details

Causes of Action:

Declaratory Judgment Act, 28 U.S.C. § 2201

Constitutional Clause(s):

Separation of Powers

Other Dockets:

U.S. Court of International Trade 1:25-cv-00281

Available Documents:

Complaint (any)

Trial Court Docket

Outcome

Prevailing Party: None Yet / None

Relief Sought:

Declaratory judgment

Injunction

Relief Granted:

None yet

Source of Relief:

None yet

Issues

Immigration/Border:

Trade/tariffs