Case: State of Arizona v. Kennedy

3:26-cv-01609 | U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California

Filed Date: Feb. 24, 2026

Case Ongoing

Clearinghouse coding complete

Case Summary

This is a challenge to a dramatic change to the nation's childhood vaccination schedule. On January 5, 2026, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued a “Decision Memo” under the direction of Health and Human Services (HHS) Secretary Robert F. Kennedy, Jr. This memo instructed the CDC to demote seven childhood vaccines from their universally recommended status to either "shared clinical decision-making" or risk-based recommendations.  In response to this, on February 25, 2026,…

This is a challenge to a dramatic change to the nation's childhood vaccination schedule.

On January 5, 2026, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued a “Decision Memo” under the direction of Health and Human Services (HHS) Secretary Robert F. Kennedy, Jr. This memo instructed the CDC to demote seven childhood vaccines from their universally recommended status to either "shared clinical decision-making" or risk-based recommendations. 

In response to this, on February 25, 2026, fourteen states, represented by their Attorneys General and the Governor of Pennsylvania, Josh Shapiro, filed this lawsuit in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California. The plaintiffs sued the U.S. Department of HHS and the CDC under the Administrative Procedure Act. The plaintiffs first alleged that Kennedy unlawfully reconstituted the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) in June 2025 when he fired all seventeen voting members and replaced them with unqualified vaccine skeptics⁻. As a result, the plaintiffs alleged that the new vaccination schedule lacked scientific basis, violated established procedures, and would harm the public by reducing vaccination rates and increasing disease outbreaks. In the complaint, the plaintiffs alleged that this decision undermined their immunization, public health, and Medicaid programs, and that this would cause them to incur substantial costs to prepare for, respond to, and treat higher incidences of vaccine-preventable illnesses and disease outbreaks. The plaintiffs seek declaratory and injunctive relief to declare the schedule and the appointments of the Kennedy Appointees are unlawful and to have them set aside.

This case was assigned to Judge Vince Chhabria.

As of March 2026, this case is ongoing. 

Summary Authors

Jinan Abufarha (3/3/2026)

Haleigh Knowles (3/14/2026)

People

For PACER's information on parties and their attorneys, see: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/72324736/parties/state-of-arizona-v-kennedy/


Judge(s)
Attorney for Plaintiff

Bannon, Elizabeth Hope (California)

Bendor, Joshua (California)

Bohn, Joshua Paul (California)

Bui, Kevin (California)

Attorney for Defendant

Boergers, Kathleen (California)

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Documents in the Clearinghouse

Document
1

3:26-cv-01609

Complaint for Declaratory and Injunctive Relief

Feb. 24, 2026

Feb. 24, 2026

Complaint

Docket

See docket on RECAP: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/72324736/state-of-arizona-v-kennedy/

Last updated April 21, 2026, 12:29 p.m.

ECF Number Description Date Link Date / Link
1

COMPLAINT FOR DECLARATORY AND INJUNCTIVE RELIEF against Jayanta Bhattacharya, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services, Robert Kennedy, Jr, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Injunction against the US government/official or APA vacatur requested. Filed by State of New Mexico, State of Maryland, State of Arizona, State Of California Justice Departments, State of Rhode Island, State of Maine, State of Colorado, State of Minnesota, State of Oregon, Josh Shapiro, in his official capacity as Governor of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, State of Wisconsin, State of Michigan, State of Connecticut, State of New Jersey, State of Delaware. (Milton, Katherine) (Filed on 2/24/2026) Modified on 2/25/2026 (tn, COURT STAFF). (Entered: 02/24/2026)

Feb. 24, 2026

Feb. 24, 2026

Clearinghouse
2

Proposed Summons. (Milton, Katherine) (Filed on 2/24/2026) (Entered: 02/24/2026)

Feb. 24, 2026

Feb. 24, 2026

3

First MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice of Joshua P. Bohn ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-21689274.) filed by State of New Jersey. (Bohn, Joshua) (Filed on 2/25/2026) (Entered: 02/25/2026)

Feb. 25, 2026

Feb. 25, 2026

4

MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-21689276.) filed by State of New Jersey. (McElfresh, Amanda) (Filed on 2/25/2026) (Entered: 02/25/2026)

Feb. 25, 2026

Feb. 25, 2026

5

MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-21689277.) filed by State of New Jersey. (Bui, Kevin) (Filed on 2/25/2026) (Entered: 02/25/2026)

Feb. 25, 2026

Feb. 25, 2026

6

MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-21689300.) filed by State of Maryland. (Drezner, Michael) (Filed on 2/25/2026) (Entered: 02/25/2026)

Feb. 25, 2026

Feb. 25, 2026

7

MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-21689848.) filed by State of Colorado. (Moskowitz, David) (Filed on 2/25/2026) (Entered: 02/25/2026)

Feb. 25, 2026

Feb. 25, 2026

8

MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-21690046.) filed by State of Arizona. (Bendor, Joshua) (Filed on 2/25/2026) (Entered: 02/25/2026)

Feb. 25, 2026

Feb. 25, 2026

9

Case assigned to Judge Vince Chhabria. Counsel for plaintiff or the removing party is responsible for serving the Complaint or Notice of Removal, Summons and the assigned judge's standing orders and all other new case documents upon the opposing parties. For information, visit E-Filing A New Civil Case at http://cand.uscourts.gov/ecf/caseopening.Standing orders can be downloaded from the court's web page at www.cand.uscourts.gov/judges. Upon receipt, the summons will be issued and returned electronically. A scheduling order will be sent by Notice of Electronic Filing (NEF) within two business days. (mbc, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 2/25/2026) (Entered: 02/25/2026)

Feb. 25, 2026

Feb. 25, 2026

10

MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-21690460.) filed by State of Arizona. (Tyrell, Syreeta) (Filed on 2/25/2026) (Entered: 02/25/2026)

Feb. 25, 2026

Feb. 25, 2026

11

MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-21690658.) filed by State of Arizona. (Salas, Alexa) (Filed on 2/25/2026) (Entered: 02/25/2026)

Feb. 25, 2026

Feb. 25, 2026

12

NOTICE of Appearance filed by Kathleen Boergers on behalf of State Of California Justice Departments (Boergers, Kathleen) (Filed on 2/25/2026) (Entered: 02/25/2026)

Feb. 25, 2026

Feb. 25, 2026

13

MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice Jennifer Moreau, State of Minnesota ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-21692137.) filed by State of Minnesota. (Moreau, Jennifer) (Filed on 2/25/2026) (Entered: 02/25/2026)

Feb. 25, 2026

Feb. 25, 2026

~Util - Case Assigned by Intake

Feb. 25, 2026

Feb. 25, 2026

Notice of Appearance/Substitution/Change/Withdrawal of Attorney

Feb. 25, 2026

Feb. 25, 2026

14

Initial Case Management Scheduling Order with ADR Deadlines: Notice: The assigned judge participates in the Cameras in the Courtroom Pilot Project. See General Order 65 and cand.uscourts.gov/cameras. Joint Case Management Statement due by 5/22/2026. Initial Case Management Conference set for 5/29/2026 at 10:00 AM in San Francisco - Videoconference Only. (tn, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 2/26/2026)Any non-CM/ECF Participants have been served by First Class Mail to the addresses of record listed on the Notice of Electronic Filing (NEF) (Entered: 02/26/2026)

Feb. 26, 2026

Feb. 26, 2026

15

Summons Issued as to Jayanta Bhattacharya, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services, Robert Kennedy, Jr., U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (tn, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 2/26/2026) (Entered: 02/26/2026)

Feb. 26, 2026

Feb. 26, 2026

16

Order by Judge Vince Chhabria granting 3 Motion for Pro Hac Vice as to Joshua Bohn. (bxs, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 2/26/2026)Any non-CM/ECF Participants have been served by First Class Mail to the addresses of record listed on the Notice of Electronic Filing (NEF) (Entered: 02/26/2026)

Feb. 26, 2026

Feb. 26, 2026

17

Order by Judge Vince Chhabria granting 4 Motion for Pro Hac Vice as to Amanda McElfresh. (bxs, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 2/26/2026)Any non-CM/ECF Participants have been served by First Class Mail to the addresses of record listed on the Notice of Electronic Filing (NEF) (Entered: 02/26/2026)

Feb. 26, 2026

Feb. 26, 2026

18

NOTICE of Appearance filed by Joshua Paul Bohn on behalf of State of New Jersey (Bohn, Joshua) (Filed on 2/26/2026) (Entered: 02/26/2026)

Feb. 26, 2026

Feb. 26, 2026

19

Order by Judge Vince Chhabria granting 5 Motion for Pro Hac Vice as to Kevin Bui. (bxs, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 2/26/2026)Any non-CM/ECF Participants have been served by First Class Mail to the addresses of record listed on the Notice of Electronic Filing (NEF) (Entered: 02/26/2026)

Feb. 26, 2026

Feb. 26, 2026

20

Order by Judge Vince Chhabria granting 6 Motion for Pro Hac Vice as to Michael Drezner. (bxs, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 2/26/2026)Any non-CM/ECF Participants have been served by First Class Mail to the addresses of record listed on the Notice of Electronic Filing (NEF) (Entered: 02/26/2026)

Feb. 26, 2026

Feb. 26, 2026

21

Order by Judge Vince Chhabria granting 7 Motion for Pro Hac Vice as to David Moskowitz. (bxs, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 2/26/2026)Any non-CM/ECF Participants have been served by First Class Mail to the addresses of record listed on the Notice of Electronic Filing (NEF) (Entered: 02/26/2026)

Feb. 26, 2026

Feb. 26, 2026

22

NOTICE of Appearance filed by Kevin Bui on behalf of State of New Jersey (Bui, Kevin) (Filed on 2/26/2026) (Entered: 02/26/2026)

Feb. 26, 2026

Feb. 26, 2026

23

Order by Judge Vince Chhabria granting 8 Motion for Pro Hac Vice as to Joshua Bendor. (bxs, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 2/26/2026) (Entered: 02/26/2026)

Feb. 26, 2026

Feb. 26, 2026

24

Order by Judge Vince Chhabria granting 10 Motion for Pro Hac Vice as to Syreeta Tyrell. (bxs, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 2/26/2026) (Entered: 02/26/2026)

Feb. 26, 2026

Feb. 26, 2026

25

Order by Judge Vince Chhabria granting 11 Motion for Pro Hac Vice as to Alexa Salas. (bxs, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 2/26/2026) (Entered: 02/26/2026)

Feb. 26, 2026

Feb. 26, 2026

26

Order by Judge Vince Chhabria granting 13 Motion for Pro Hac Vice as to Jennifer Moreau. (bxs, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 2/26/2026) (Entered: 02/26/2026)

Feb. 26, 2026

Feb. 26, 2026

27

MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice Kendall Schutzer ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-21696931.) filed by State of Maine. (Attachments: # 1 Certificate of Good Standing)(Schutzer, Kendall) (Filed on 2/26/2026) (Entered: 02/26/2026)

Feb. 26, 2026

Feb. 26, 2026

28

NOTICE of Appearance filed by Alexa Gabriela Salas on behalf of State of Arizona (Salas, Alexa) (Filed on 2/26/2026) (Entered: 02/26/2026)

Feb. 26, 2026

Feb. 26, 2026

29

First MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice Aimee D. Thomson ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-21696804.) Filing fee previously paid on 2/26/2026 filed by Josh Shapiro, in his official capacity as Governor of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. (Attachments: # 1 Certificate of Good Standing)(Thomson, Aimee) (Filed on 2/26/2026) (Entered: 02/26/2026)

Feb. 26, 2026

Feb. 26, 2026

30

NOTICE of Appearance filed by Syreeta A. Tyrell on behalf of State of Arizona (Tyrell, Syreeta) (Filed on 2/26/2026) (Entered: 02/26/2026)

Feb. 26, 2026

Feb. 26, 2026

31

NOTICE of Appearance filed by Joshua Bendor on behalf of State of Arizona (Bendor, Joshua) (Filed on 2/26/2026) (Entered: 02/26/2026)

Feb. 26, 2026

Feb. 26, 2026

Notice of Appearance/Substitution/Change/Withdrawal of Attorney

Feb. 26, 2026

Feb. 26, 2026

32

MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-21699337.) filed by State of Connecticut. (Bannon, Elizabeth ) (Filed on 2/27/2026) (Entered: 02/27/2026)

Feb. 27, 2026

Feb. 27, 2026

33

MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-21699335.) filed by State of Michigan. (Attachments: # 1 Certificate/Proof of Service Certificate of Good Standing)(Giovanatti, Neil) (Filed on 2/27/2026) (Entered: 02/27/2026)

Feb. 27, 2026

Feb. 27, 2026

34

MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-21699924.) filed by State of Rhode Island. (Gradowski, Kathryn) (Filed on 2/27/2026) (Entered: 02/27/2026)

Feb. 27, 2026

Feb. 27, 2026

35

MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-21702852.) filed by State of Arizona. (Garrett, Clinten) (Filed on 2/27/2026) (Entered: 02/27/2026)

Feb. 27, 2026

Feb. 27, 2026

36

MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-21704299.) filed by State of Oregon. (Kennedy, Scott) (Filed on 2/28/2026) (Entered: 02/28/2026)

Feb. 28, 2026

Feb. 28, 2026

37

Order by Judge Vince Chhabria granting 27 Motion for Pro Hac Vice as to Kendall Schutzer. (bxs, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 3/2/2026) (Entered: 03/02/2026)

March 2, 2026

March 2, 2026

38

Order by Judge Vince Chhabria granting 29 Motion for Pro Hac Vice as to Aimee Thomson. (bxs, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 3/2/2026) (Entered: 03/02/2026)

March 2, 2026

March 2, 2026

39

Order by Judge Vince Chhabria granting 32 Motion for Pro Hac Vice as to Elizabeth Bannon. (bxs, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 3/2/2026) (Entered: 03/02/2026)

March 2, 2026

March 2, 2026

40

Order by Judge Vince Chhabria granting 33 Motion for Pro Hac Vice as to Neil Giovanatti. (bxs, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 3/2/2026) (Entered: 03/02/2026)

March 2, 2026

March 2, 2026

41

Order by Judge Vince Chhabria granting 34 Motion for Pro Hac Vice as to Kathryn Gradowski. (bxs, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 3/2/2026) (Entered: 03/02/2026)

March 2, 2026

March 2, 2026

42

Order by Judge Vince Chhabria granting 35 Motion for Pro Hac Vice as to Clinten Garrett. (bxs, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 3/2/2026) (Entered: 03/02/2026)

March 2, 2026

March 2, 2026

43

Order by Judge Vince Chhabria granting 36 Motion for Pro Hac Vice as to Scott Kennedy. (bxs, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 3/2/2026) (Entered: 03/02/2026)

March 2, 2026

March 2, 2026

44

MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-21712069.) filed by State of Wisconsin. (Attachments: # 1 Certificate/Proof of Service Certificate of Good Standing)(Quester, Amanda) (Filed on 3/3/2026) (Entered: 03/03/2026)

March 3, 2026

March 3, 2026

45

NOTICE of Appearance filed by Kendall Schutzer on behalf of State of Maine (Schutzer, Kendall) (Filed on 3/3/2026) (Entered: 03/03/2026)

March 3, 2026

March 3, 2026

46

NOTICE of Appearance filed by Scott P. Kennedy on behalf of State of Oregon (Kennedy, Scott) (Filed on 3/3/2026) (Entered: 03/03/2026)

March 3, 2026

March 3, 2026

47

MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-21714143.) filed by State of Colorado. (Passamaneck, Nora) (Filed on 3/3/2026) (Entered: 03/03/2026)

March 3, 2026

March 3, 2026

Notice of Appearance/Substitution/Change/Withdrawal of Attorney

March 3, 2026

March 3, 2026

48

NOTICE of Appearance filed by Aimee Diane Thomson on behalf of Josh Shapiro, in his official capacity as Governor of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (Thomson, Aimee) (Filed on 3/4/2026) (Entered: 03/04/2026)

March 4, 2026

March 4, 2026

49

NOTICE of Appearance filed by Elizabeth Hope Bannon on behalf of State of Connecticut (Bannon, Elizabeth ) (Filed on 3/4/2026) (Entered: 03/04/2026)

March 4, 2026

March 4, 2026

50

NOTICE of Appearance filed by Marnie Graham Ganotis on behalf of State of California (Ganotis, Marnie) (Filed on 3/4/2026) (Entered: 03/04/2026)

March 4, 2026

March 4, 2026

Notice of Appearance/Substitution/Change/Withdrawal of Attorney

March 4, 2026

March 4, 2026

51

Order by Judge Vince Chhabria granting 44 Motion for Pro Hac Vice as to Amanda Quester. (bxs, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 3/5/2026) (Entered: 03/05/2026)

March 5, 2026

March 5, 2026

52

Order by Judge Vince Chhabria granting 47 Motion for Pro Hac Vice as to Nora Passamaneck. (bxs, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 3/5/2026) (Entered: 03/05/2026)

March 5, 2026

March 5, 2026

53

NOTICE of Appearance filed by Amanda Ethel Quester on behalf of State of Wisconsin (Quester, Amanda) (Filed on 3/9/2026) (Entered: 03/09/2026)

March 9, 2026

March 9, 2026

Notice of Appearance/Substitution/Change/Withdrawal of Attorney

March 9, 2026

March 9, 2026

54

MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-21763885.) filed by State of Delaware. (Kassab, Vanessa) (Filed on 3/17/2026) (Entered: 03/17/2026)

March 17, 2026

March 17, 2026

55

ORDER by Judge Vince Chhabria granting 54 Motion for Pro Hac Vice as to Vanessa Kassab. (ahm, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 3/17/2026) (Entered: 03/17/2026)

March 17, 2026

March 17, 2026

56

MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-21765473.) filed by State of Delaware. (Liston, Ian) (Filed on 3/17/2026) (Entered: 03/17/2026)

March 17, 2026

March 17, 2026

57

ORDER by Judge Vince Chhabria granting 56 Motion for Pro Hac Vice as to Ian Liston. (ahm, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 3/18/2026) (Entered: 03/18/2026)

March 18, 2026

March 18, 2026

58

CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE by State of California re 15 Summons Issued, 1 Complaint,,, (Boergers, Kathleen) (Filed on 3/19/2026) (Entered: 03/19/2026)

March 19, 2026

March 19, 2026

59

CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE by State of California re 15 Summons Issued, 1 Complaint,,, (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A, # 2 Exhibit B, # 3 Exhibit C, # 4 Exhibit D, # 5 Exhibit E)(Milton, Katherine) (Filed on 3/20/2026) (Entered: 03/20/2026)

March 20, 2026

March 20, 2026

60

First MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice Justin McCarthy ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-21783503.) filed by State of New Mexico. (Attachments: # 1 Certificate/Proof of Service Certificate of Good Standing)(McCarthy, Justin ) (Filed on 3/23/2026) (Entered: 03/23/2026)

March 23, 2026

March 23, 2026

61

Order by Judge Vince Chhabria granting 60 Motion for Pro Hac Vice as to Justin McCarthy. (bxs, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 3/23/2026) (Entered: 03/23/2026)

March 23, 2026

March 23, 2026

62

NOTICE of Appearance filed by Amanda McElfresh on behalf of State of New Jersey (McElfresh, Amanda) (Filed on 3/25/2026) (Entered: 03/25/2026)

March 25, 2026

March 25, 2026

Notice of Appearance/Substitution/Change/Withdrawal of Attorney

March 25, 2026

March 25, 2026

63

NOTICE of Appearance filed by James William Harlow on behalf of Jayanta Bhattacharya, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Robert Kennedy, Jr, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (Harlow, James) (Filed on 4/10/2026) (Entered: 04/10/2026)

April 10, 2026

April 10, 2026

Notice of Appearance/Substitution/Change/Withdrawal of Attorney

April 10, 2026

April 10, 2026

64

MOTION for leave to appear in Pro Hac Vice ( Filing fee $ 328, receipt number ACANDC-21866548.) filed by State of Connecticut. (Rutchick, Shawn) (Filed on 4/14/2026) (Entered: 04/14/2026)

April 14, 2026

April 14, 2026

Case Details

State / Territory:

California

Case Type(s):

Public Benefits/Government Services

Special Collection(s):

Trump Administration 2.0: Challenges to the Government

Key Dates

Filing Date: Feb. 24, 2026

Case Ongoing: Yes

Plaintiffs

Plaintiff Description:

Fourteen states

Public Interest Lawyer: No

Filed Pro Se: No

Class Action Sought: No

Class Action Outcome: Not sought

Defendants

Federal

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Department of Health and Human Services

Case Details

Causes of Action:

Administrative Procedure Act, 5 U.S.C. §§ 551 et seq.

Other Dockets:

Northern District of California 3:26-cv-01609

Available Documents:

Complaint (any)

Trial Court Docket

Outcome

Prevailing Party: None Yet / None

Relief Sought:

Declaratory judgment

Injunction

Relief Granted:

None yet

Source of Relief:

None yet

Issues

COVID-19:

CDC Guidance ordered implemented

Medical/Mental Health Care:

Hepatitis

Medical care, general

Recommended Citation