Case: Duru v. Mullin

1:26-cv-01132 | U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia

Filed Date: April 28, 2026

Closed Date: June 8, 2026

Clearinghouse coding complete

Case Summary

This case challenged the government's refusal to adjudicate a Form I-765 application that a Nigerian medical student needed to pursue her residency. Without approval of the application, the student would lose her position in the surgical residency program and would be required to leave the U.S. The plaintiff, a Nigerian citizen and F-1 student visa holder in her final year at the University of Virginia School of Medicine, filed this complaint on April 28, 2026, in the U.S. District Court for th…

This case challenged the government's refusal to adjudicate a Form I-765 application that a Nigerian medical student needed to pursue her residency. Without approval of the application, the student would lose her position in the surgical residency program and would be required to leave the U.S.

The plaintiff, a Nigerian citizen and F-1 student visa holder in her final year at the University of Virginia School of Medicine, filed this complaint on April 28, 2026, in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia against officials of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS). Edward Summers, PLLC, represented the plaintiff. The complaint alleged that the defendants refused to adjudicate her Form I-765 application needed for her residency, pursuant to two USCIS Policy Memoranda (PM) that placed holds on benefit requests for nationals of countries covered by two Presidential Travel Ban Proclamations, including Nigeria (PM 602-0192 and PM 602-0194).

The plaintiff asserted four counts under the Administrative Procedure Act (APA) and an ultra vires claim that the defendants lacked authority to impose the adjudication hold through a policy memorandum. The complaint alleged that the defendants unlawfully withheld and unreasonably delayed adjudication of her application, to which she had a clear right—having complied with all requirements for approval—and for which no other adequate legal remedy existed. The complaint further alleged that both memoranda lacked reasoned explanation, failed to account for reliance interests, identified no applicable legal authority for aliens already lawfully admitted to the United States, and were adopted without the notice-and-comment rulemaking required by the APA. The plaintiff sought a court order compelling adjudication of her I-765 and delivery of an Employment Authorization Document (EAD) within 15 days, as well as declaratory and injunctive relief setting aside the Policy Memoranda. She warned that failing to obtain authorization before June 11, 2026, would cost her the residency position and force her departure from the United States. This case was assigned to District Judge Anthony J. Trenga.

On May 8, 2026, the plaintiff filed an emergency motion for a preliminary injunction. On May 26, 2026, the defendants moved to dismiss the complaint for lack of jurisdiction and failure to state a claim, then waived that motion the same day. A hearing on the emergency motion, initially set for May 27, 2026, was rescheduled to June 3, 2026. On May 28, 2026, the court ordered the emergency motion continued to June 3, 2026, pending adjudication of the plaintiff's application, directing the defendants to confirm adjudication or show good cause for the delay. The hearing was cancelled on June 2, 2026.

On June 5, 2026, the parties jointly filed a stipulation of dismissal stating that USCIS had adjudicated the plaintiff’s I-765 application and that the action should be dismissed without prejudice. Accordingly, the court dismissed the case without prejudice on June 8, 2026.

 

Summary Authors

Madeline Dollard (8/10/2026)

People

For PACER's information on parties and their attorneys, see: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/73254099/parties/duru-v-mullin/


Judge(s)

Trenga, Anthony John (Virginia)

Attorney for Plaintiff

Summers, Edward (Virginia)

Attorney for Defendant

Cooper, Christian James (Virginia)

Documents in the Clearinghouse

Documents in this case
1

1:26-cv-01132

Plaintiff's Complaint for Declaratory and Injunctive Relief

Duru v. Mullin et al.

April 28, 2026

April 28, 2026

Complaint
28

1:26-cv-01132

Joint Stipulation of Voluntary Dismissal

Duru v. Mullin et al.

June 8, 2026

June 8, 2026

Pleading / Motion / Brief

Resources

Docket

See docket on RECAP: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/73254099/duru-v-mullin/

Last updated Sept. 28, 2026, 3:17 a.m.

Docket for: Duru v. Mullin
ECF Number Date Description Link
1 April 28, 2026

COMPLAINT (Filing Fee $405, receipt number AVAEDC-10952762), filed by Kimberley Chidinma Duru. (Attachments: # 1 Civil Cover Sheet, # 2 Exhibit USCIS Policy Memorandum 602-0192, # 3 Exhibit USCIS Policy Memorandum 602-1094, # 4 Exhibit USCIS Website Page re: Premium Processing, # 5 Exhibit USCIS Alert dated 03/30/2026, # 6 Exhibit Diplomas - Duru, K., # 7 Exhibit I-20 - Duru, K., # 8 Exhibit I-765 Receipt Notice - Duru, K., # 9 Exhibit Proof of Biometrics Appointment - Duru, K., # 10 Exhibit Email re: Residency Match, # 11 Exhibit Email re: Residency Program Start Date)(Summers, Edward) (Entered: 04/28/2026)

1 Civil Cover Sheet

View on RECAP

2 Exhibit USCIS Policy Memorandum 602-0192

View on RECAP

3 Exhibit USCIS Policy Memorandum 602-1094

View on RECAP

4 Exhibit USCIS Website Page re: Premium Processing

View on RECAP

5 Exhibit USCIS Alert dated 03/30/2026

View on RECAP

6 Exhibit Diplomas - Duru, K.

View on RECAP

7 Exhibit I-20 - Duru, K.

View on RECAP

8 Exhibit I-765 Receipt Notice - Duru, K.

View on RECAP

9 Exhibit Proof of Biometrics Appointment - Duru, K.

View on RECAP

10 Exhibit Email re: Residency Match

View on RECAP

11 Exhibit Email re: Residency Program Start Date

View on RECAP

Clearinghouse
2 April 28, 2026

Proposed Summons by Kimberley Chidinma Duru (Summers, Edward) (Entered: 04/28/2026)

RECAP
April 28, 2026

Initial Case Assignment to District Judge Anthony J. Trenga and Magistrate Judge William E. Fitzpatrick. (triv)

3 April 29, 2026

Proposed Summons Attorney General by Kimberley Chidinma Duru (Summers, Edward) (Entered: 04/29/2026)

RECAP
4 April 29, 2026

Proposed Summons Markwayne Mullin - DHS by Kimberley Chidinma Duru (Summers, Edward) (Entered: 04/29/2026)

RECAP
5 April 29, 2026

Proposed Summons Carrie Selby - SCOPS by Kimberley Chidinma Duru (Summers, Edward) (Entered: 04/29/2026)

RECAP
6 April 29, 2026

Proposed Summons US Attorney's Office by Kimberley Chidinma Duru (Summers, Edward) (Entered: 04/29/2026)

RECAP
7 April 29, 2026

Proposed Summons Joseph Edlow - USCIS by Kimberley Chidinma Duru (Summers, Edward) (Entered: 04/29/2026)

RECAP
8 April 29, 2026

Summons Issued as to Joseph B. Edlow, Markwayne Mullin, Carrie M. Selby, U.S. Attorney and U.S. Attorney General. NOTICE TO ATTORNEY: Please remove the headers and print two duplexed copies of the electronically issued summons for each Defendant. Please serve one copy of the summons and a copy of the Complaint upon each Defendant. Please ensure that your process server returns the service copy (executed or unexecuted) to your attention and electronically file it using the filing events, Summons Returned Executed as to USA or Summons Returned Unexecuted as to USA. (Attachments: # 1 Notice to Attorney) (triv) (Entered: 04/29/2026)

1 Notice to Attorney

View on PACER

RECAP
9 April 29, 2026

SUMMONS Returned Executed by Kimberley Chidinma Duru. J. Frank Bradsher served on 4/29/2026, answer due 6/29/2026. (Summers, Edward) Modified text to correct service information on 5/7/2026 (triv). (Entered: 04/29/2026)

RECAP
10 April 29, 2026

SUMMONS Returned Executed by Kimberley Chidinma Duru. Joseph B. Edlow served on 4/29/2026. (Summers, Edward) Modified on 5/7/2026 (triv). (Entered: 04/29/2026)

RECAP
11 April 29, 2026

SUMMONS Returned Executed by Kimberley Chidinma Duru. Carrie M. Selby served on 4/29/2026. (Summers, Edward) Modified on 5/7/2026 (triv). (Entered: 04/29/2026)

RECAP
12 April 29, 2026

SUMMONS Returned Executed by Kimberley Chidinma Duru. Markwayne Mullin served on 4/29/2026. (Summers, Edward) Modified on 5/7/2026 (triv). (Entered: 04/29/2026)

RECAP
13 April 29, 2026

SUMMONS Returned Executed by Kimberley Chidinma Duru. Attorney General served on 4/29/2026. (Summers, Edward) Modified on 5/7/2026 (triv). (Entered: 04/29/2026)

RECAP
14 May 6, 2026

NOTICE of Appearance by Christian James Cooper on behalf of Attorney General, J. Frank Bradsher, Joseph B. Edlow, Markwayne Mullin, Carrie M. Selby (Cooper, Christian) (Entered: 05/06/2026)

RECAP
15 May 8, 2026

Emergency MOTION for Preliminary Injunction by Kimberley Chidinma Duru. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order Proposed Order for Preliminary Injunction)(Summers, Edward) Modified text to correct document title on 5/11/2026 (triv). (Entered: 05/08/2026)

RECAP
16 May 8, 2026

Memorandum of Law in Support in re 15 Emergency MOTION for Preliminary Injunction filed by Kimberley Chidinma Duru. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Exhibit A - Affidavit of Kimberley Chidinma Duru, # 2 Exhibit Exhibit B - Screenshots of online discussion with USCIS representative, # 3 Exhibit Exhibit C - Updated USCIS 03/30 Alert, # 4 Exhibit Exhibit D - Saghafi v. Edlow, # 5 Exhibit Exhibit E - Varniab v. Edlow, # 6 Exhibit Exhibit F - Bowser v. Noem, # 7 Exhibit Exhibit G - Behdin v. Edlow, # 8 Exhibit Exhibit H - Karimi v. Mullin, # 9 Exhibit Exhibit I - Doe v. Trump)(Summers, Edward) Modified on 5/11/2026 (triv). (Entered: 05/08/2026)

RECAP
17 May 8, 2026

Notice (of Hearing for May 27, 2026) in re 16 Memorandum of Law in Support, 15 Emergency MOTION for Preliminary Injunction (Summers, Edward) Modified on 5/11/2026 (triv). (Entered: 05/08/2026)

RECAP
May 11, 2026

Motion Hearing set for 5/27/2026 at 10:00 AM in Alexandria Courtroom 900 before District Judge Anthony J. Trenga as to 15 Emergency MOTION for Permanent Injunction. (dzir)

18 May 21, 2026

EXHIBIT J - e-mail from Senator Tim Kaine's Office 5.20.2026 by Kimberley Chidinma Duru.. (Summers, Edward) (Entered: 05/21/2026)

RECAP
19 May 26, 2026

MOTION to Dismiss for Lack of Jurisdiction, MOTION to Dismiss for Failure to State a Claim by Attorney General, J. Frank Bradsher, Joseph B. Edlow, Markwayne Mullin, Carrie M. Selby. (Cooper, Christian) (Entered: 05/26/2026)

RECAP
20 May 26, 2026

Memorandum in Support re 19 MOTION to Dismiss for Lack of Jurisdiction MOTION to Dismiss for Failure to State a Claim and Opposition to Plaintiff's Motion for a Preliminary Injunction filed by Attorney General, J. Frank Bradsher, Joseph B. Edlow, Markwayne Mullin, Carrie M. Selby. (Cooper, Christian) (Entered: 05/26/2026)

RECAP
21 May 26, 2026

Waiver of re 19 MOTION to Dismiss for Lack of Jurisdiction MOTION to Dismiss for Failure to State a Claim (Waiver of Hearing) by Attorney General, J. Frank Bradsher, Joseph B. Edlow, Markwayne Mullin, Carrie M. Selby (Cooper, Christian) (Entered: 05/26/2026)

RECAP
22 May 26, 2026

RESPONSE to Motion re 19 MOTION to Dismiss for Lack of Jurisdiction MOTION to Dismiss for Failure to State a Claim filed by Kimberley Chidinma Duru. (Summers, Edward) (Entered: 05/26/2026)

RECAP
23 May 27, 2026

Minute Entry for proceedings held before District Judge Anthony J. Trenga: Motion Hearing held on 5/28/2026 re 15 Emergency MOTION for Permanent Injunction filed by Kimberley Chidinma Duru. Counsel appeared for Plaintiff and Defendant. Motion argued and the hearing is continued to 6/3/2026 at 10:00 a.m. (Court Reporter R. Montgomery)(dzir) (Entered: 05/28/2026)

RECAP
May 27, 2026

Motion Hearing set for 6/3/2026 at 10:00 AM in Alexandria Courtroom 900 before District Judge Anthony J. Trenga as to 15 Emergency MOTION for Permanent Injunction. (dzir)

24 May 28, 2026

ORDERED that in the absence of an adjudication of Plaintiff's application, the Motion re 15 be, and the same hereby is, CONTINUED to Wednesday, June 3, 2026 at 10 a.m. ORDERED that Defendants file by June 2, 2026 at 12 p.m. either (a) a notice confirming the adjudication of Plaintiffs application or (b) a written submission showing good cause, if any there be, as to why that application has not been adjudicated. Signed by District Judge Anthony J Trenga on 5/28/2026. (lcre, ) (Entered: 05/28/2026)

RECAP
25 June 2, 2026

NOTICE by Attorney General, J. Frank Bradsher, Joseph B. Edlow, Markwayne Mullin, Carrie M. Selby re 24 Order, (O'Connor, Kirstin) (Entered: 06/02/2026)

RECAP
26 June 2, 2026

ORDERED that the hearing currently scheduled for Wednesday, June 3, 2026 at 10 a.m. be, and the same hereby is, CANCELLED. Signed by District Judge Anthony J. Trenga on 6/2/2026. (dzir) (Entered: 06/02/2026)

RECAP
27 June 5, 2026

STIPULATION of Dismissal by Attorney General, J. Frank Bradsher, Joseph B. Edlow, Markwayne Mullin, Carrie M. Selby. (O'Connor, Kirstin) (Entered: 06/05/2026)

RECAP
28 June 8, 2026

So Ordered in re 27 Joint Stipulation of Dismissal without prejudice. Signed by District Judge Anthony J Trenga on 6/8/2026. (kgall) (Entered: 06/08/2026)

Clearinghouse

Case Details

State / Territory:

Virginia

Case Type(s):

Immigration and/or the Border

Special Collection(s):

Trump Administration 2.0: Challenges to the Government

Key Dates

Filing Date: April 28, 2026

Closing Date: June 8, 2026

Case Ongoing: No

Plaintiffs

Plaintiff Description:

A Nigerian citizen and F-1 student visa holder in her final year at the University of Virginia School of Medicine

Plaintiff Type(s):

Private Plaintiff

Public Interest Lawyer: No

Filed Pro Se: No

Class Action Sought: No

Class Action Outcome: Not sought

Defendants

Federal

U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS

U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS)

Defendant Type(s):

Jurisdiction-wide

Case Details

Causes of Action:

Administrative Procedure Act, 5 U.S.C. §§ 551 et seq.

Declaratory Judgment Act, 28 U.S.C. § 2201

Other Dockets:

Eastern District of Virginia 1:26-cv-01132

Available Documents:

Complaint (any)

Trial Court Docket

Outcome

Prevailing Party: Plaintiff OR Mixed

Relief Sought:

Attorneys fees

Declaratory judgment

Injunction

Relief Granted:

Injunction / Injunctive-like Settlement

Source of Relief:

Settlement

Form of Settlement:

Voluntary Dismissal

Issues

Immigration/Border:

Visas - procedures

Recommended Citation