Case: Gratz v. Bollinger

2:97-cv-75231 | U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan

Filed Date: Oct. 14, 1997

Closed Date: 2007

Clearinghouse coding complete

Case Summary

On Oct. 14, 1997, two applicants who had been denied admission to the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor brought this class action in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 against the university. The plaintiffs, represented by public interest counsel, claimed that the university's admissions policy treated race as a predominant factor in granting admission, and that they, as white applicants, had been discriminated against in violation of the Equal…

On Oct. 14, 1997, two applicants who had been denied admission to the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor brought this class action in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 against the university. The plaintiffs, represented by public interest counsel, claimed that the university's admissions policy treated race as a predominant factor in granting admission, and that they, as white applicants, had been discriminated against in violation of the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment.

On Dec. 23, 1998, the court (Judge Patrick J. Duggan) certified the class comprising "[t]hose individuals who applied for and were not granted admission to the College of Literature, Science & the Arts of the University of Michigan for all academic years from 1995 forward and who are members of those racial or ethnic groups, including Caucasian, that defendants treat less favorably on the basis of race in considering their application for admission."

On Dec. 13, 2000, Judge Duggan granted plaintiffs' motion for summary judgment with respect to the university's admissions policy during the years 1995-1998---during which time a specific number of admissions were reserved for minority applicants---and declared those policies unconstitutional. But the court also granted defendants' motion for summary judgment with regard to the admissions programs for the years 1999-2000---during which time applicants were graded on a 150-point scale, and underrepresented minorities automatically received 20 points based on their membership to one of the identified minority categories.

Judge Duggan determined that "the educational benefits flowing from a racially and ethnically diverse student body are a sufficiently compelling interest to survive strict scrutiny," and the point system in place at the time of the decision was narrowly tailored to achieve that purpose, though the policies in place from '95-'98 were not. The court denied the plaintiffs' request for injunctive relief, and granted defendants' motion for summary judgment on grounds of qualified immunity.

The Dec. 13, 2000, Order and Opinion limited itself to the question of whether the university's admissions policies passed constitutional muster as narrowly tailored means of achieving diversity. In a Feb. 26, 2001 opinion, Judge Duggan ruled on whether the policies passed constitutional muster as a narrowly tailored means of remedying past and current discrimination by the university. 135 F. Supp. 2d 790. The court determined that the school's policies could not be justified as measures to remedy either the current effects of past discrimination, or the discriminatory impact of the university's other admissions criteria, and so denied the defendant's motion for summary judgment .

Both parties appealed the court's decision, and the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 6th Circuit heard the case en banc on the same day as Grutter v. Bollinger. The 6th Circuit later issued an opinion in Grutter which upheld the University of Michigan Law School's admissions policy. The petitioner in that case also sought a writ of certiorari for this case, even though the Court of Appeals had not yet rendered a judgment in it, so that the Supreme Court could address the broader context of race in university admissions policies at one time. The Court granted certiorari.

On June 23, 2003, the Court (majority opinion written by Chief Justice William Rehnquist) held that the university's point system is not narrowly tailored to achieve the school's asserted interest in diversity. 539 U.S. 244. The policy violated the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment. The school's policy failed to provide for the individualized consideration of each applicant that Bakke required. Moreover, the fact that 20 points automatically accrued to underrepresented minorities turned race into a decisive factor in the admissions process.

On remand, the parties settled all remaining claims, and on Jan. 31, 2007, Judge Duggan dismissed the case with prejudice.

Summary Authors

Andrew Junker (11/13/2014)

Related Cases

Grutter v. Bollinger, Eastern District of Michigan (1997)

People

For PACER's information on parties and their attorneys, see: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/4742552/parties/gratz-v-bollinger/


Judge(s)

Batchelder, Alice Moore (Ohio)

Boggs, Danny Julian (Kentucky)

Breyer, Stephen Gerald (District of Columbia)

Attorney for Plaintiff

Bader, Hans F. (District of Columbia)

Attorney for Defendant
Expert/Monitor/Master/Other

Botsford, Jon D. (Michigan)

Documents in the Clearinghouse

Documents in this case

2:97-cv-75231

CIVIL DOCKET FOR CASE #: 2:97−cv−75231−PJD

Jan. 31, 2007

Jan. 31, 2007

Docket
1

2:97-cv-75231

Complaint

Oct. 14, 1997

Oct. 14, 1997

Complaint
24

2:97-cv-75231

Opinion

July 7, 1998

July 7, 1998

Order/Opinion

183 F.R.D. 209

48

2:97-cv-75231

Opinion and Order Denying Proposed Intervenors' Motion for Reconsideration

Oct. 27, 1998

Oct. 27, 1998

Order/Opinion
62

2:97-cv-75231

Order

Dec. 23, 1998

Dec. 23, 1998

Order/Opinion

98-02248

Opinion

Grutter v. Bollinger

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit

Aug. 10, 1999

Aug. 10, 1999

Order/Opinion

188 F.3d 394

144

2:97-cv-75231

Opinion and Order Denying Defendants' Motion of Relief from Order

May 2, 2000

May 2, 2000

Order/Opinion
206

2:97-cv-75231

Opinion

Dec. 13, 2000

Dec. 13, 2000

Order/Opinion

122 F.Supp.2d 811

210

2:97-cv-75231

Opinion

Feb. 26, 2001

Feb. 26, 2001

Order/Opinion

135 F.Supp.2d 790

01-01333

Order

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit

Oct. 19, 2001

Oct. 19, 2001

Order/Opinion

277 F.3d 803

Resources

Docket

See docket on RECAP: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/4742552/gratz-v-bollinger/

Last updated Oct. 29, 2026, 8:09 p.m.

Docket for: Gratz v. Bollinger
ECF Number Date Description Link
1 Oct. 14, 1997

COMPLAINT - Receipt # 351144 - Date Fee Received: 10/14/97 (nh) (Entered: 10/16/1997)

RECAP
4 Oct. 21, 1997

SUMMONS returned executed by process server on 10/14/97 - answer due 11/3/97 for Lee Bollinger, for James T. Duderstadt, for Univ MI College Lit, for Univ MI (LS) (Entered: 10/23/1997)

RECAP
2 Oct. 22, 1997

NOTICE of non-admission of attorney Michael E. Rosman, Michael P. McDonald and Hans F. Bader (LS) (Entered: 10/23/1997)

RECAP
3 Oct. 22, 1997

NOTICE of non-admission of attorney David F. Herr (LS) (Entered: 10/23/1997)

RECAP
5 Nov. 14, 1997

LETTER by defendants re: extension of time to answer complaint (RH) Modified on 05/27/1999 (Entered: 11/20/1997)

RECAP
6 Dec. 3, 1997

AFFIRMATIVE defenses by defendants Lee Bollinger, James T. Duderstadt and Univ MI (RH) Modified on 05/27/1999 (Entered: 12/05/1997)

RECAP
7 Dec. 5, 1997

NOTICE of status conference (LS) Modified on 05/27/1999 (Entered: 12/08/1997)

RECAP
Dec. 5, 1997

SCHEDULE by Judge Patrick J. Duggan: status conference set for 2:30 12/16/97 (mo) Modified on 05/27/1999

Dec. 16, 1997

STATUS conference held and continued to 2:00 3/24/98 - Judge Patrick J. Duggan (mo)

8 Dec. 22, 1997

DEMAND by plaintiffs for jury trial (dp) (Entered: 01/05/1998)

RECAP
9 Jan. 8, 1998

PROOF of mailing by plaintiffs of demand for jury trial (dp) (Entered: 01/09/1998)

RECAP
10 Feb. 5, 1998

LETTER by Leonard Niehoff confirming the scheduled status conference (RH) (Entered: 02/06/1998)

RECAP
11 Feb. 5, 1998

MOTION by Ebony Patterson, Ruben Martinez, Laurent Crenshaw, Karla Williams, Larry Brown, Tiffany Hall,Kristen J. J. Harris, Michael Smith, Khyla Craine, Nyah Carmichael, Shanna Dubose, Nichole Brewer, Ebony Davis, Karlin Harlin, Brian Harris, Katrina Gipson, Candice Reynolds and Citizens for Affirmative Action's Preservation to intervene, with brief and proposed answer of intervening defendants (RH) Modified on 01/26/1999 (Entered: 02/06/1998)

RECAP
Feb. 5, 1998

SCHEDULE by Judge Patrick J. Duggan: status conference set for 2:00 3/31/98 (mo) Modified on 05/27/1999

12 Feb. 11, 1998

MOTION (first amended) by Ebony Patterson, Laurent Crenshaw, Karla R. Williams, Tiffany Hall, Kristen M. J. Harris, Michael Smith, Khyla Craine, Nyah Carmichael, Shanna Dubose, Ebony Davis, Nicole Brewer, Karla Harlin, Brian Harris, Katrina Gipson, Candice B. N. Reynolds, Citizens Actions, Ruben Martinez and Larry Brown to intervene with proof of mailing (cf) Modified on 05/27/1999 (Entered: 02/12/1998)

RECAP
13 Feb. 24, 1998

PROOF of mailing of response to motion to intervene [14-1] (RH) Modified on 05/27/1999 (Entered: 02/26/1998)

RECAP
14 Feb. 24, 1998

RESPONSE by plaintiffs Jennifer Gratz and Patrick Humacher to motion to intervene [12-1] (RH) Modified on 05/27/1999 (Entered: 02/26/1998)

RECAP
15 Feb. 24, 1998

RESPONSE by defendants to motion to intervene [12-1] with proof of mailing (RH) Modified on 05/27/1999 (Entered: 08/11/1998)

RECAP
16 March 4, 1998

REPLY by intervening defendants to response to motion to intervene [12-1] with proof of mailing (pd) (Entered: 05/27/1999)

RECAP
17 March 12, 1998

LETTER by defendants Univ MI, James T. Duderstadt, Lee Bollinger confirming rescheduling of status conference (dh) (Entered: 03/13/1998)

RECAP
March 12, 1998

SCHEDULE by Judge Patrick J. Duggan: status conference set for 3:00 4/8/98 (mo) Modified on 05/27/1999

18 April 24, 1998

PETITION by H. Wallace Parker to intervene with brief (dp) Modified on 05/27/1999 (Entered: 04/27/1998)

RECAP
19 April 29, 1998

SUBSTITUTION for plaintiffs Jennifer Gratz and Patrick Humacher of attorney Kerry L. Morgan in place of Patrick J. Wright (dp) (Entered: 04/30/1998)

RECAP
20 May 26, 1998

MOTION by movant Natl Assn Adv to withdraw its petition to intervene . (Ok without brief via Judge Duggan's court clerk.) (cf) (Entered: 05/27/1998)

RECAP
21 May 28, 1998

PROTECTIVE order by Judge Patrick J. Duggan with unopposed stipulation concerning confidentiality with exhibit. (cf) (Entered: 05/29/1998)

RECAP
22 May 29, 1998

ORDER by Judge Patrick J. Duggan allowing the withdrawal of the petition to intervene by H. Wallace Parker [18-1] for the Oakland County Branch of the NAACP (LS) (Entered: 06/01/1998)

RECAP
23 June 5, 1998

MOTION by intervening defendants for oral argument on motion to intervene [12-1] with brief, attachment and proof of mailing (dp) (Entered: 06/08/1998)

RECAP
24 July 7, 1998

MEMORANDUM opinion and order by Judge Patrick J. Duggan denying motion to intervene by intervening defen [12-1] (dp) (Entered: 07/08/1998)

RECAP
25 July 7, 1998

LETTER by Judge Patrick J. Duggan to parties stating that the proposed intervenors may participate in this action amicus curiae; the proposed intervenors must notify court if they wish to participate as such (dp) (Entered: 07/08/1998)

RECAP
26 July 13, 1998

NOTICE by plaintiffs of taking deposition of Theodore Spencer on 6/3/98 and Dianne Gauss on 6/4/98 with proof of mailing (lg) (Entered: 07/16/1998)

RECAP
27 July 15, 1998

NOTICE by David F. Herr, attorney for plaintiffs Patrick Humacher and Jennifer Gratz of change of address to 3300 Norwest Center, 90 South Seventh Street, Minneapolis, MN 55402-4140. (cf) (Entered: 07/20/1998)

RECAP
28 July 20, 1998

NOTICE by plaintiffs Patrick Humacher and Jennifer Gratz of taking deposition of James VanHecke 7/22/98 at 9:00 a.m. with proof of mailing. (cf) (Entered: 07/21/1998)

RECAP
29 July 21, 1998

MOTION by intervening defendants for reconsideration of order [24-1] with brief, attachment and proof of mailing (kg) (Entered: 07/22/1998)

RECAP
30 July 24, 1998

NOTICE by the Court of hearing on motion for reconsideration of order [24-1] by intervening defen [29-1] (RH) (Entered: 08/04/1998)

RECAP
31 July 27, 1998

LETTER to Mr. Dillard from the court regarding extension of time for notification of proposed intervenors with respect to participation as amicus curiae (RH) (Entered: 08/04/1998)

RECAP
33 July 27, 1998

LETTER from Godfrey J. Dillard, attorney for proposed intervenors, to Judge Duggan, regarding the court's 7/7/98 order denying the motion to intervene of proposed intervenors Ebony Patterson, et al, etc.. (cf) (Entered: 08/06/1998)

RECAP
35 July 29, 1998

REPLY by defendants in support of defendants motion for reassignment or alternatively for designating actions as companion cases with proof of mailing (LS) (Entered: 03/30/2001)

RECAP
32 Aug. 6, 1998

LETTER from Kirk O. Kolbo, attorney for plaintiffs Patrick Humacher and Jennifer Gratz, to Judge Duggan, stating that a formal legal memorandum, will not be filed, in response to the proposed intervenors' motion for reconsideration filed on July 21, l998, etc. and with attachments. (cf) Modified on 08/06/1998 (Entered: 08/06/1998)

RECAP
34 Aug. 14, 1998

SUPPLEMENTAL memorandum by intervening defendants in support of motion for reconsideration of order [24-1] by intervening defen [29-1] with attachments A-D and proof of mailing (dp) (Entered: 08/17/1998)

RECAP
36 Sept. 14, 1998

MOTION by Univ MI, James T. Duderstadt, Lee Bollinger for order denying class certification with brief, exhibits and proof of mailing (LS) (Entered: 09/15/1998)

RECAP
37 Sept. 16, 1998

NOTICE by plaintiffs of taking deposition of Robert Seltzer on 9/22/98 with proof of mailing (lg) (Entered: 09/17/1998)

RECAP
38 Sept. 24, 1998

NOTICE by plaintiffs of taking deposition of Marilyn McKinney on 10/1/98 at 9:00 am with proof of mailing (lg) (Entered: 09/25/1998)

RECAP
39 Sept. 24, 1998

NOTICE by plaintiff of taking deposition of Marilyn Knepp on 10/2/98 at 9:00 am (lg) (Entered: 09/25/1998)

RECAP
40 Sept. 24, 1998

NOTICE by plaintiff of taking deposition of Lester Monts on 10/8/98 at 9:00 am with proof of mailing (lg) (Entered: 09/25/1998)

RECAP
41 Oct. 1, 1998

WITNESS list by plaintiffs Patrick Humacher and Jennifer Gratz (dp) (Entered: 10/02/1998)

RECAP
42 Oct. 2, 1998

PRELIMINARY WITNESS list by defendants with proof of mailing (lg) (Entered: 10/06/1998)

RECAP
43 Oct. 5, 1998

PROOF of mailing of plaintiffs' witness list (lg) (Entered: 10/06/1998)

RECAP
44 Oct. 8, 1998

LETTER by plaintiffs re: extension of time to file defendant's response to motion for an order denying class certification (lg) Modified on 05/27/1999 (Entered: 10/09/1998)

RECAP
45 Oct. 13, 1998

MOTION by plaintiffs for class certification, and for bifurcation of liability and damages trials with attachments A-F (LS) (Entered: 10/14/1998)

RECAP
46 Oct. 13, 1998

MOTION and order by Judge Patrick J. Duggan, allowing the filing of a brief in excess of 20 pages in support of motion to certify the class (LS) (Entered: 10/14/1998)

RECAP
47 Oct. 13, 1998

PROOF of mailing by plaintiffs of pleadings 44 and the exparte motion to file a brief in excess of 20 pages (LS) (Entered: 10/14/1998)

RECAP
48 Oct. 27, 1998

OPINION and order by Judge Patrick J. Duggan denying motion for reconsideration of order [24-1] by intervening defen [29-1] with proof of mailing. (cf) (Entered: 10/30/1998)

RECAP
49 Nov. 2, 1998

APPEAL by intervening defendants of order [48-1] to USCA - FEE: PAID - Receipt: #370580 (do) Modified on 05/27/1999 (Entered: 11/04/1998)

RECAP
52 Nov. 2, 1998

RESPONSE by defendants to motion for class certification [45-1] and for bifurcation of liability and damages trials [45-2] with exhibits A-E and proof of mailing (dh) Modified on 05/27/1999 (Entered: 11/05/1998)

RECAP
50 Nov. 4, 1998

PROOF of mailing of notice of appeal to USCA, Godfrey Dillard, Leonard Niehoff, Kerry Morgan and David Herr (do) (Entered: 11/04/1998)

RECAP
51 Nov. 4, 1998

CERTIFIED copy of appeal notice by intervening defendants [49-1] and docket transmitted to USCA (do) Modified on 05/27/1999 (Entered: 11/04/1998)

RECAP
53 Nov. 16, 1998

NOTICE of hearing on motion for class certification [45-1] and motion for order denying class certification [36-1] set for 2:00 12/10/98 with proof of mailing (nh) Modified on 05/27/1999 (Entered: 11/18/1998)

RECAP
54 Nov. 16, 1998

PRETRIAL scheduling order by Judge Patrick J. Duggan - deadline for witness list set for 12/15/98, deadline for discovery set for 2/15/99, deadline for filing motions for 3/1/99, final pretrial conference set for 2:30 4/13/99, civil jury trial set for 5/99 with proof of mailing (nh) (Entered: 11/18/1998)

RECAP
55 Nov. 17, 1998

NOTICE of deadline for reply to response to motion for class certification [45-1] and for bifurcation of liability and damages trials [45-2] set for 11/18/98 (kg) Modified on 05/27/1999 (Entered: 11/19/1998)

RECAP
56 Nov. 18, 1998

REPLY by plaintiffs Patrick Humacher and Jennifer Gratz to response to motion for class certification [45-1], motion for bifurcation of liability and damages trials by Jennifer Gratz, Patrick Humacher [45-2] with attachments (kg) (Entered: 11/19/1998)

RECAP
57 Nov. 20, 1998

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT from USCA of receipt of appeal & docket [51-1] - appeal case # 98-2248 (LS) (Entered: 11/24/1998)

RECAP
58 Nov. 23, 1998

PROOF of mailing by plaintiffs of ex parte motion to file a brief in excess of 5 pages, reply memorandum and proposed order (LS) (Entered: 11/24/1998)

RECAP
Dec. 10, 1998

MOTION hearing held on motion for class certification [45-1] and for bifurcation of liability and damages trials [45-2] and motion for order denying class certification [36-1] - disposition: taken under advisement - Judge Patrick J. Duggan - Court Reporter: Marie Metcalf (mo) Modified on 05/27/1999

59 Dec. 11, 1998

NOTICE by plaintiffs Patrick Humacher and Jennifer Gratz of taking deposition of James J. Duderstadt 12/16/98 at 9:00 a.m. with proof of mailing. (cf) (Entered: 12/11/1998)

RECAP
60 Dec. 16, 1998

WITNESS list by plaintiffs Patrick Humacher and Jennifer Gratz with proof of mailing. (cf) (Entered: 12/17/1998)

RECAP
61 Dec. 17, 1998

NOTICE (amended) by plaintiffs' Patrick Humacher and Jennifer Gratz of taking deposition of James J. Duderstadt 1/8/99 at 9:00 a.m. with proof of mailing. (cf) (Entered: 12/17/1998)

RECAP
62 Dec. 23, 1998

ORDER by Judge Patrick J. Duggan granting motion for class certification [45-1] and for bifurcation of liability and damages trials [45-2] and denying motion for order denying class certification [36-1] (lg) Modified on 05/27/1999 (Entered: 12/28/1998)

RECAP
63 Dec. 23, 1998

MEMORANDUM opinion and order by Judge Patrick J. Duggan, regarding plaintiffs' motion for class certification and bifurcation of liability and damaged trials and defendants' motion for order denying class certification (lg) (Entered: 12/30/1998)

RECAP
64 Jan. 19, 1999

NOTICE by plaintiffs Patrick Humacher, and Jennifer Gratz of taking deposition of William G. Bowen 1/18/99 at 10:00 am with affidavit of service (nh) (Entered: 01/19/1999)

RECAP
65 Jan. 25, 1999

NOTICE by plaintiffs' Patrick Humacher, and Jennifer Gratz of taking deposition of Claude M. Steele on 1/28/99 at 9:00 with affidavit of service (nh) (Entered: 01/26/1999)

RECAP
66 Jan. 28, 1999

REBUTTAL witness list by plaintiffs with proof of mailing (cm) (Entered: 01/29/1999)

RECAP
67 Feb. 1, 1999

RECORD consisting of: 2 volumes of pleadings transmitted to USCA - appeal case # 98-2248. (UPS #1Z 467 088 03 1205 092 2) (Note: This file actually went out via UPS on 2/2/99.) (cf) (Entered: 02/02/1999)

RECAP
68 Feb. 1, 1999

NOTICE by plaintiffs of taking deposition of Patricia Y. Gurin at 9:00 on 2/12/99 with proof of mailing (kg) (Entered: 02/02/1999)

RECAP
69 Feb. 1, 1999

NOTICE by plaintiffs of taking deposition of Lee Bollinger at 9:00 on 2/9/99 with proof of mailing (kg) (Entered: 02/02/1999)

RECAP
70 Feb. 10, 1999

PRETRIAL scheduling order (amended) by Judge Patrick J. Duggan - setting deadline for discovery for 3/12/99, setting deadline for filing motions for 5/3/99, setting final pretrial conference for 2:00 7/28/99, setting civil jury trial for 9/1/99 (September/October, 1999) . (cf) (Entered: 02/11/1999)

RECAP
Feb. 10, 1999

STATUS conference held(plaintiff's counsel by telephone) - Judge Patrick J. Duggan (mo)

71 Feb. 11, 1999

LETTER from Jane C. Sherburne, attorney, on behalf of the defendants', to Judge Duggan requesting a status conference. (cf) (Entered: 02/12/1999)

RECAP
72 Feb. 16, 1999

NOTICE by plaintiffs Patrick Humacher and Jennifer Gratz of taking deposition of Nancy Cantor set for 02/17/99 at 9:00 with proof of mailing (dp) (Entered: 02/17/1999)

RECAP
73 Feb. 19, 1999

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT from USCA of receipt of appeal record [67-1] - appeal case # 98-2248 (dh) (Entered: 02/23/1999)

RECAP
74 March 4, 1999

NOTICE by plaintiffs of taking deposition of Stephen W. Raudenbush on 3/9/99 at 9:00 am with affidavit (lg) (Entered: 03/05/1999)

RECAP
75 March 15, 1999

NOTICE by plaintiffs of taking depositions set for 03/11/99 at 9:00 a.m. (see notice for individuals to be deposed); with proof of mailing (dp) (Entered: 03/16/1999)

RECAP
76 April 1, 1999

ORDER by Judge Patrick J. Duggan, with consent motion, providing that the proper defendants be named and with proof of mailing. (Note: "Board of Regents" added as party text to defendant University of Michigan and terminating defendant, The University of Michigan College of Literature, Arts and Science.) (cf) Modified on 04/05/1999 (Entered: 04/05/1999)

RECAP
77 April 9, 1999

MOTION by plaintiffs Patrick Humacher and Jennifer Gratz for partial summary judgment on liability with brief (dp) (Entered: 04/12/1999)

RECAP
78 April 9, 1999

AFFIDAVIT and exhibits filed by plaintiffs Patrick Humacher and Jennifer Gratz in support of motion for partial summary judgment on liability (document 77); volume I (dp) Modified on 04/12/1999 (Entered: 04/12/1999)

RECAP
79 April 9, 1999

AFFIDAVIT and exhibits filed by plaintiffs Patrick Humacher and Jennifer Gratz in support of motion for partial summary judgment (document 77); volume II (dp) (Entered: 04/12/1999)

RECAP
80 May 3, 1999

MOTION by defendant's for summary judgment (cm) (Entered: 05/04/1999)

RECAP
81 May 3, 1999

RESPONSE by defendants to motion for partial summary judgment on liability [77-1] with cross-motion for summary judgment, brief and proof of mailing (cm) Modified on 05/27/1999 (Entered: 05/04/1999)

RECAP
82 May 3, 1999

APPENDIX by defendants in support of opposition to plaintiffs' motion for partial summary judgment, and memorandum in support of motion for summary judgment by Lee Bollinger, James T. Duderstadt, Univ MI, Univ MI College Lit [80-1] Volume 1: Documents and Materials (cm) (Entered: 05/04/1999)

RECAP
83 May 3, 1999

APPENDIX by defendants in support of opposition to plaintiffs' motion for partial summary judgment, and memorandum in support of defendants' cross-motion for summary judgment by Lee Bollinger, James T. Duderstadt, Univ MI, Univ MI College Lit [80-1] Volume 2: Deposition Excerpts (cm) (Entered: 05/04/1999)

RECAP
84 May 3, 1999

APPENDIX by defendants in support of opposition to plaintiffs' motion for partial summary judgment, and motion for summary judgment by Lee Bollinger, James T. Duderstadt, Univ MI, Univ MI College Lit [80-1] Volume 3: Expert Witness Reports (cm) (Entered: 05/04/1999)

RECAP
85 May 3, 1999

MOTION by USA for leave to file brief amicus curiae in excess of 20 pages with brief (LS) Modified on 05/05/1999 (Entered: 05/04/1999)

RECAP
86 May 3, 1999

MOTION by plaintiff to compel production of certain application files with brief, exhibits A-C (LS) (Entered: 05/04/1999)

RECAP
87 May 3, 1999

MOTION by Association of American Law Schools, National Association of State Universities and Land Grant Colleges, Committee on Institutional Cooperative, Wayne State University for leave to file brief Amici Curiae in support of defendants with brief, attachments A-E and proof of mailing (LS) Modified on 05/05/1999 (Entered: 05/05/1999)

RECAP
88 May 3, 1999

MOTION by Amer Cnsl Ed -et al for leave to file a brief as Amici Curiae and to file a brief in excess of twenty pages (LS) (Entered: 05/05/1999)

RECAP
89 May 7, 1999

PROOF of mailing of motion to compel [86-1] (cf) Modified on 05/27/1999 (Entered: 05/10/1999)

RECAP
90 May 17, 1999

NOTICE of hearing on motion to compel production of certain application files by Jennifer Gratz, Patrick Humacher [86-1] for 2:00 6/3/99 with proof of mailing (LS) Modified on 05/27/1999 (Entered: 05/18/1999)

RECAP
91 May 20, 1999

BRIEF by defendants in opposition to motion to compel production of certain application files by Jennifer Gratz and Patrick Humacher [86-1] with exhibits A-F and proof of mailing (dp) (Entered: 05/21/1999)

RECAP
92 May 27, 1999

ORDER by Judge Patrick J. Duggan granting motion for leave to file a brief as Amici Curiae by Amer Cnsl Ed [88-1], granting motion to file a brief in excess of twenty pages by Amer Cnsl Ed [88-2], granting motion for leave to file brief amicus curiae in excess of 20 pages by USA [85-1], granting motion for leave to file brief Amici Curiae by Wayne St Univ, Comm Inst Coop, Natl Assoc St Univ, Assoc Amer Law [87-1], setting response to these amicus briefs for 6/14/99 with proof of mailing (dh) (Entered: 05/27/1999)

RECAP
93 May 27, 1999

MEMORANDUM of the State of Ohio as amicus curiae in support of motion for summary judgment [80-1] with proof of mailing (dh) (Entered: 05/27/1999)

RECAP
94 May 27, 1999

MEMORANDUM of the United States as amicus curiae in support of motion for summary judgment [80-1] with proof of mailing (dh) (Entered: 05/27/1999)

RECAP

Case Details

State / Territory:

Michigan

Case Type(s):

School Desegregation

Special Collection(s):

Multi-LexSum (in sample)

Key Dates

Filing Date: Oct. 14, 1997

Closing Date: 2007

Case Ongoing: No

Plaintiffs

Plaintiff Description:

Applicants to University of Michigan who had been denied admission

Plaintiff Type(s):

Private Plaintiff

Public Interest Lawyer: Yes

Filed Pro Se: No

Class Action Sought: Yes

Class Action Outcome: Granted

Defendants

State

University of Michigan

Defendant Type(s):

College/University

Jurisdiction-wide

Facility Type(s):

Government-run

Case Details

Causes of Action:

42 U.S.C. § 1983

Constitutional Clause(s):

Equal Protection

Other Dockets:

Eastern District of Michigan 2:97-cv-75231

Supreme Court of the United States 02-571

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit 98-02248

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit 01-01333

Supreme Court of the United States 02-516

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit 01-01416

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit 01-01418

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit 01-01438

Available Documents:

Any published opinion

Complaint (any)

Injunctive (or Injunctive-like) Relief

Non-settlement Outcome

Trial Court Docket

U.S. Supreme Court merits opinion

Outcome

Prevailing Party: Plaintiff OR Mixed

Relief Granted:

Declaratory Judgment

Injunction / Injunctive-like Settlement

Source of Relief:

Litigation

Settlement

Content of Injunction:

Develop anti-discrimination policy

Issues

General/Misc.:

Education

School/University policies

Discrimination Area:

Disparate Treatment

Discrimination Basis:

Race discrimination

Affected Race(s):

Black

White

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