Case: Gibson v. Collier

6:15-cv-00190 | U.S. District Court for the Western District of Texas

Filed Date: June 8, 2015

Closed Date: Dec. 9, 2019

Clearinghouse coding complete

Case Summary

A trans woman housed in a mens' prison in Texas filed this lawsuit in the United States District Court for the Western District of Texas on June 8, 2015 seeking declaratory and injunctive relief. The plaintiff represented herself in the trial court, and she was represented on appeal by Stephen Braga, a law professor at the University of Virginia. The case was assigned to Judge Robert Pitman. The plaintiff alleged that the Texas Department of Criminal Justice's blanket ban on gender affirmation …

A trans woman housed in a mens' prison in Texas filed this lawsuit in the United States District Court for the Western District of Texas on June 8, 2015 seeking declaratory and injunctive relief. The plaintiff represented herself in the trial court, and she was represented on appeal by Stephen Braga, a law professor at the University of Virginia. The case was assigned to Judge Robert Pitman.

The plaintiff alleged that the Texas Department of Criminal Justice's blanket ban on gender affirmation surgery violated the Eighth Amendment because it amounted to deliberate indifference to her medical needs. Specifically, the plaintiff claimed that, while incarcerated, her primary care physician was not adequately trained on transgender care and failed to provide her with treatment consistent with the WPATH standards of care. He refused to provide her with an individualized assessment or treatment plan, which denied her access to various forms of treatment that may have been medically necessary. The plaintiff had on several occasions used the prison's formal grievance system to protest this lack of care as well as the blanket policy to no avail.

The defendants named in this case were the TDCJ Director, the primary care physician who refused to provide the plaintiff with treatment for her gender dysphoria, and and unknown University of Texas Medical Branch official. The Director moved for summary judgment, claiming that the plaintiff had failed to state a claim. On June 8, 2015, the district court granted this motion, dismissing the plaintiff's complaint in its entirety.

The plaintiff filed an appeal in the Fifth Circuit pro se on September 16, 2016. On October 10, 2017, Professor Stephen Bega began representing her. Judges Smith, Ho and Barksdale heard the case and released an opinion on March 29, 2019 (920 F.3d 212). The majority opinion, written by Judge Ho, held that there had been no Eighth Amendment violation, characterizing the WPATH standards as simply one side of a contested debate rather than the widely accepted standard in the medical field. Judge Ho held that because the doctor and prison administration had merely chosen a side, they were not demonstrating the malicious intent necessary to make out a claim of deliberate indifference.

Judge Barksdale's dissent, on the other hand, took issue with both the summary judgment procedure used by the lower court and the majority's assessment of the merits. Specifically, he disagreed with the majority's characterization of WPATH, noting that it had become a widely accepted norm that had been acknowledged as such in both the Fourth and Seventh Circuits. Judge Barksdale also questioned whether authorities cited by the majority supported its use of he/him/his pronouns to refer to the plaintiff.

The plaintiff filed a petition for certiorari (an appeal) in the Supreme Court of the United States on July 1, 2019. The Supreme Court announced on December 9, 2019 that they had declined to hear the case (140 S. Ct. 653). The case is now closed.

While this case was still ongoing, the plaintiff filed another lawsuit alleging retaliation in response to pursuing these claims. For more information, see Gibson v. Jean-Baptiste, No. 6:17-cv-00042 (W.D. Tex.)

Summary Authors

Alex Moody (2/18/2020)

People

For PACER's information on parties and their attorneys, see: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/14414338/parties/gibson-v-livingston/


Documents in the Clearinghouse

Documents in this case

6:15-cv-00190

Docket

Gibson v. Livingston

Dec. 9, 2019

Dec. 9, 2019

Docket

16-51148

General Docket United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit

Dec. 9, 2019

Dec. 9, 2019

Docket
1

6:15-cv-00190

Form To Be Used By A Prisoner in Filing a Complaint

Gibson v. Livingston

June 8, 2015

June 8, 2015

Complaint
48

6:15-cv-00190

Motion Requesting the Court to Allow Plaintiff to Add Newa New Defendant to her Pending 1983 Complaint or to Amend her Complaint

Gibson v. Livingston

Dec. 21, 2015

Dec. 21, 2015

Pleading / Motion / Brief
55

6:15-cv-00190

Prisoner's Civil Rights Complaint [Supplement to ECF 1]

Gibson v. Livingston

March 1, 2016

March 1, 2016

Complaint
69

6:15-cv-00190

Order

Gibson v. Livingston

Aug. 31, 2016

Aug. 31, 2016

Order/Opinion
14

16-51148

Appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the 5th Circuit

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit

Oct. 28, 2016

Oct. 28, 2016

Pleading / Motion / Brief
19

16-51148

Brief of Defendant-Appellee Bryan Collier

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit

Dec. 28, 2016

Dec. 28, 2016

Pleading / Motion / Brief
38

16-51148

Supplemental Brief of Appellant Scott Lynn Gibson

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit

Dec. 5, 2017

Dec. 5, 2017

Pleading / Motion / Brief

16-51148

Opinion

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit

March 29, 2019

March 29, 2019

Order/Opinion

920 F.3d 212

Docket

See docket on RECAP: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/14414338/gibson-v-livingston/

Last updated Nov. 3, 2026, 2:54 a.m.

Docket for: Gibson v. Livingston
ECF Number Date Description Link
1 June 8, 2015

COMPLAINT filed by Scott Lynn Gibson.(mc5) (Entered: 06/09/2015)

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2 June 8, 2015

MOTION For the Court to Follow the Court's Decisions in Kosilex v. Spancer and Field v. Smith For Lack of Precedent by Scott Lynn Gibson. (mc5) (Entered: 06/09/2015)

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3 June 8, 2015

MOTION for Preliminary Injunction by Scott Lynn Gibson. (mc5) (Entered: 06/09/2015)

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4 June 8, 2015

MOTION to Proceed in forma pauperis by Scott Lynn Gibson. (mc5) (Entered: 06/09/2015)

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5 June 9, 2015

Letter to Scott Lynn Gibson advising of case number, filing instructions and general case information. (mc5) (Entered: 06/09/2015)

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6 June 11, 2015

ORDER Directing Monthly Payments be made from Prison Account of Scott Lynn Gibson, aka Vanessa Lynn, TDCJ # 699888. Signed by Judge Walter S. Smith. (ad) (Entered: 06/11/2015)

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7 June 22, 2015

MOTION to Appoint Counsel by Scott Lynn Gibson. (tb) (Entered: 06/23/2015)

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8 June 22, 2015

MOTION For U.S. Marshal to Serve Complaint and Summons by Scott Lynn Gibson. (tb) (Entered: 06/23/2015)

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9 June 22, 2015

MOTION to Produce by Scott Lynn Gibson. (tb) (Entered: 06/23/2015)

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10 July 2, 2015

MOTION Requesting the Court to Compel the Defendant's to Adhere to Their Stated Reason for Denying Plaintff Medial Care by Scott Lynn Gibson. (ad) (Entered: 07/02/2015)

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11 July 7, 2015

ORDER DENYING 3 Motion for Preliminary Injunction; DENYING 7 Motion to Appoint Counsel ; DENYING 9 Motion to Produce; DENYING 10 Motion to Compel and GRANTING 2 Motion to Follow Court's Decisions but only to the extent that the circuit court decisions in Kosilek and Fields are recognized as persuasive but not controlling authority. Signed by Judge Walter S. Smith. (ad) (Entered: 07/07/2015)

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12 July 7, 2015

ORDER GRANTING 8 Motion to Have the USMS serve Complaint and Summons. Signed by Judge Walter S. Smith. (ad) (Entered: 07/07/2015)

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13 July 9, 2015

Summons Issued as to Brad Livingston. (ad) (Entered: 07/09/2015)

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14 July 9, 2015

Summons Issued as to Unknown UTMB Policy Maker. (ad) (Entered: 07/09/2015)

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15 July 17, 2015

MOTION requesting the court to consider the court's legal reasoning in Fields v. Smith by Scott Lynn Gibson. (tb) (Entered: 07/17/2015)

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16 July 20, 2015

MOTION for Reconsideration by Scott Lynn Gibson. (tb) (Entered: 07/21/2015)

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17 July 30, 2015

ORDER DENYING 15 Motion ; DENYING 16 Motion for Reconsideration. Signed by Judge Walter S. Smith. (tb) (Entered: 07/30/2015)

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18 Aug. 6, 2015

MOTION Requesting the Court to Follow the Court's Decision from the States for Lack of Precedent by Scott Lynn Gibson. (tb) (Entered: 08/06/2015)

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19 Aug. 6, 2015

ADVISORY TO THE COURT by Scott Lynn Gibson. (tb) (Entered: 08/06/2015)

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20 Aug. 6, 2015

MOTION Requesting the Clerk's Office to Place the Address on Plaintiff's Summons by Scott Lynn Gibson. (tb) (Entered: 08/06/2015)

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21 Aug. 10, 2015

ORDER GRANTING 20 Motion Requesting the Clerk's Office to Place the Address on Plaintiff's Summons. Signed by Judge Walter S. Smith. (tb) (Entered: 08/10/2015)

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22 Aug. 10, 2015

ORDER DENYING 18 Motion Requesting the Court to Follow the Court's Decision from the States for Lack of Precedent. Signed by Judge Walter S. Smith. (tb) (Entered: 08/10/2015)

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23 Aug. 18, 2015

ADVISORY TO THE COURT by Office of the Attorney General. (Trevino, Afton) (Entered: 08/18/2015)

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24 Aug. 19, 2015

ORDERED that, pursuant to Rule 4(c)(3) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, the United States Marshal shall serve a copy of the Complaint (Doc. 1 ), summons, and this Order upon Defendant Livingston at the following address: P.O. Box. 99, Huntsville, Texas 77342. Signed by Judge Walter S. Smith. (tb) (Entered: 08/19/2015)

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25 Aug. 20, 2015

Clerk's Copy of 13 Summons Issued (tb) (Entered: 08/20/2015)

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26 Aug. 24, 2015

ADVISORY TO THE COURT by Scott Lynn Gibson. (tb) (Entered: 08/25/2015)

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27 Sept. 16, 2015

Clerk's Copy (tb) (Entered: 09/16/2015)

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28 Sept. 16, 2015

Certified mail acknowledgment receipt of order to answer 1983 actions as to Brad Livingston. (tb) (Entered: 09/16/2015)

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29 Oct. 7, 2015

Defendant Brad Livingston's Original ANSWER to 1 Complaint and Jury Demand. Attorney Afton R. Trevino added to party Brad Livingston(pty:dft) by Brad Livingston.(Trevino, Afton) (Entered: 10/07/2015)

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30 Oct. 19, 2015

MOTION Pursuant to Rule B (b), FED. R. CIV. P. by Scott Lynn Gibson. (tb) (Entered: 10/19/2015)

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31 Oct. 19, 2015

MOTION to Produce Documents by Scott Lynn Gibson. (tb) (Entered: 10/19/2015)

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32 Oct. 19, 2015

MOTION for Interrogatories and to Produce Documents by Scott Lynn Gibson. (tb) (Entered: 10/19/2015)

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33 Oct. 19, 2015

MOTION TO FOLLOW THE COURT'S DECISION IN FIELD V. SMITH, 655 F.3d 550,556 7th cir. 2001 FOR LACK OF PRECEDENT by Scott Lynn Gibson. (tb) (Entered: 10/19/2015)

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34 Oct. 20, 2015

MOTION to Dismiss by Municipality of Gatesville, TX. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Barrett, Roy) (Entered: 10/20/2015)

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35 Oct. 22, 2015

Miscellaneous Objection to 29 Answer to Complaint by Scott Lynn Gibson. (tb) (Entered: 10/22/2015)

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36 Oct. 23, 2015

ORDERED that Plaintiff shall have 14 days to respond to Gatesville's 34 MOTION to Dismiss filed by Municipality of Gatesville, TX. Signed by Judge Walter S. Smith. (tb) (Entered: 10/23/2015)

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37 Oct. 27, 2015

Acknowledgment of Service returned by Scott Lynn Gibson. Municipality of Gatesville, TX served on 10/23/2015, answer due 11/23/2015. (tb) (Entered: 10/27/2015)

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38 Oct. 30, 2015

Response in Opposition to Motion, filed by Scott Lynn Gibson, re 34 MOTION to Dismiss filed by Defendant Municipality of Gatesville, TX. (jgb) (Entered: 11/02/2015)

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39 Nov. 3, 2015

RESPONSE to Motion, filed by Municipality of Gatesville, TX, re 34 MOTION to Dismiss filed by Defendant Municipality of Gatesville, TX (Barrett, Roy) (Entered: 11/03/2015)

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40 Nov. 9, 2015

NOTICE OF COMPLIANCE WITH DUTY TO DISCLOSE by Brad Livingston (Trevino, Afton) (Entered: 11/09/2015)

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41 Nov. 17, 2015

ORDER DENYING 30 Motion ; DENYING 31 Motion to Produce; DENYING 32 Motion to Produce; DENYING 33 Motion ; GRANTING 34 Motion to Dismiss. Terminated party Municipality of Gatesville, TX. Signed by Judge Walter S. Smith. (sm3) (Entered: 11/17/2015)

RECAP
42 Nov. 19, 2015

MOTION for Preliminary Injunction by Scott Lynn Gibson. (tb) (Entered: 11/20/2015)

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43 Nov. 23, 2015

MOTION for Discovery by Scott Lynn Gibson. (tb) (Entered: 11/23/2015)

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44 Nov. 24, 2015

MOTION for Protective Order by Brad Livingston. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Trevino, Afton) (Entered: 11/24/2015)

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45 Dec. 4, 2015

Response in Opposition to Motion, filed by Scott Lynn Gibson, re 44 MOTION for Protective Order filed by Defendant Brad Livingston (tb) (Entered: 12/04/2015)

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46 Dec. 8, 2015

ORDER DENYING 42 Motion for Preliminary Injunction; DENYING 43 Motion for Discovery; DENYING 44 Motion for Protective Order. Signed by Judge Walter S. Smith. (tb) (Entered: 12/08/2015)

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47 Dec. 18, 2015

MOTION for Reconsideration re 46 Order on Motion for Preliminary Injunction, by Scott Lynn Gibson. (tb) (Entered: 12/18/2015)

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48 Dec. 21, 2015

MOTION to Amend Complaint by Scott Lynn Gibson. (Attachments: # 1 Amended Complaint)(tb) (Entered: 12/21/2015)

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49 Jan. 14, 2016

MOTION for Entry of Judgment under Rule 54(b) by Municipality of Gatesville, TX. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order, # 2 Proposed Order Proposed Final Judgment)(Barrett, Roy) (Entered: 01/14/2016)

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50 Feb. 19, 2016

MOTION for Summary Judgment with Brief in Support by Brad Livingston. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit C, # 2 Proposed Order)(Trevino, Afton) (Entered: 02/19/2016)

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51 Feb. 19, 2016

MOTION to Seal Exhibit A and Exhibit B of Defendant Livingston's Motion for Summary Judgment with Brief in Support by Brad Livingston. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Trevino, Afton) (Entered: 02/19/2016)

RECAP
52 Feb. 19, 2016

Motion for leave to File Sealed Document (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A, # 2 Exhibit B, # 3 Proposed Order) (Trevino, Afton) (Entered: 02/19/2016)

RECAP
53 Feb. 26, 2016

Sealed Document filed. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit) (mc5) (Entered: 02/26/2016)

RECAP
Feb. 26, 2016

Order on Motion for Leave to File Sealed Document

Feb. 26, 2016

Order on Motion for Miscellaneous Relief

Feb. 26, 2016

Text Order GRANTING 51 Motion entered by Judge Walter S. Smith. (This is a text-only entry generated by the court. There is no document associated with this entry.) (ss)

Feb. 26, 2016

Text Order GRANTING 52 Motion for Leave to File Sealed Document entered by Judge Walter S. Smith. (This is a text-only entry generated by the court. There is no document associated with this entry.) (ss)

54 March 1, 2016

ORDER DENYING 47 Motion for Reconsideration ; GRANTING 48 Motion to Amend Complaint; GRANTING 49 Motion for Entry of Judgment under Rule 54(b). ORDERED that the Clerk's Office is directed to provide Plaintiff with the appropriate number of marshal forms and summonses. ORDERED that, pursuant to Rule 4(c)(3) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, the United States Marshal shall serve a copy of Plaintiff's Complaint, summons, and this Order upon each defendant as directed by the Plaintiff. Signed by Judge Walter S. Smith. (tb) (Entered: 03/01/2016)

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55 March 1, 2016

SUPPLEMENT to 1 Complaint by Scott Lynn Gibson. (tb) (Entered: 03/01/2016)

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56 March 1, 2016

ORDERED, ADJUDGED, and DECREED as follows: Final judgment should and is hereby RENDERED in favor of the City of Gatesville and it is hereby ORDERED, ADJUDGED and DECREED that all Plaintiffs claims and causes of action herein against the city are dismissed with prejudice. Signed by Judge Walter S. Smith. (tb) (Entered: 03/01/2016)

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58 March 11, 2016

Response in Opposition to Motion, filed by Scott Lynn Gibson, re 50 MOTION for Summary Judgment with Brief in Support filed by Defendant Brad Livingston (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit)(jch) (Entered: 03/14/2016)

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57 March 14, 2016

Summons Issued as to D. Greene. (jch) (Entered: 03/14/2016)

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59 March 14, 2016

AMENDED AFFIDAVIT in Support of 1 Complaint by Scott Lynn Gibson. (tb) (Entered: 03/14/2016)

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60 March 14, 2016

MOTION REQUESTING THE COURT TO CONSIDER THE COURT'S HOLDING IN PRAYLOR V. TDCJ by Scott Lynn Gibson. (tb) (Entered: 03/14/2016)

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61 March 15, 2016

Clerk's Copy of 57 Summons Issued (jch) (Entered: 03/15/2016)

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62 April 4, 2016

MOTION for Temporary Restraining Order, MOTION for Preliminary Injunction by Scott Lynn Gibson. (tb) (Entered: 04/05/2016)

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63 April 4, 2016

DECLARATION in Support of 62 MOTION for Temporary Restraining Order MOTION for Preliminary Injunction by Scott Lynn Gibson. (tb) (Entered: 04/05/2016)

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64 April 4, 2016

Letter/Correspondence from Scott Lynn Gibson. (tb) (Entered: 04/05/2016)

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65 April 4, 2016

Acknowledgment of Service returned by Scott Lynn Gibson. D. Greene served on 3/21/2016, answer due 5/2/2016. (tb) (Entered: 04/05/2016)

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66 May 2, 2016

MOTION to Compel Dr. Greene to respond to Plaintiff's 1983 Complaint by Scott Lynn Gibson. (tb) (Entered: 05/02/2016)

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67 June 23, 2016

MOTION TO ALLOW PLAINTIFF TO USE TDCJ'S SPOKESMAN JASON CLARK' STATEMENT AS PROOF TO SUPPORT HER LAWSUIT by Scott Lynn Gibson. (tb) (Entered: 06/23/2016)

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68 Aug. 26, 2016

MOTION for the Court to Lift the Ban on Gender Reassignment Surgery by Scott Lynn Gibson. (tb) (Entered: 08/26/2016)

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69 Aug. 31, 2016

ORDER GRANTING 50 Motion for Summary Judgment; DENYING 60 Motion ; DENYING 62 Motion for TRO; DENYING 62 Motion for Preliminary Injunction; DENYING 66 Motion to Compel; DENYING 67 Motion ; DENYING 68 Motion. ORDERED that the Clerk of the Court is directed to e-mail copies of this Order and the Judgment to the TDCJ-Office of the General Counsel and the ProSe Clerk for the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas. Signed by Judge Walter S. Smith. (tb) (Entered: 08/31/2016)

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70 Aug. 31, 2016

CLERK'S JUDGMENT (tb) (Entered: 08/31/2016)

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71 Sept. 12, 2016

NOTICE OF APPEAL by Scott Lynn Gibson. Per 5th Circuit rules, the appellant has 14 days, from the filing of the Notice of Appeal, to order the transcript. To order a transcript, the appellant should fill out Form DKT-13 (Transcript Order) and follow the instructions set out on the form. This form is available in the Clerk's Office or by clicking the hyperlink above. (jch) (Entered: 09/12/2016)

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72 Sept. 12, 2016

MOTION to proceed In Forma Pauperis on appeal 71 by Scott Lynn Gibson. (jch) (Entered: 09/12/2016)

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Sept. 12, 2016

Proceed In Forma Pauperis on APPEAL

73 Sept. 14, 2016

NOTICE of New Attorney-In-Charge by Brad Livingston (Huntpalmer, Richard) (Entered: 09/14/2016)

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74 Sept. 15, 2016

MOTION for Reconsideration re 69 Order on Motion for Summary Judgment, by Scott Lynn Gibson. (tb) (Entered: 09/15/2016)

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75 Sept. 19, 2016

ORDER REASSIGNING CASE. Case reassigned to Judge Robert Pitman for all proceedings. Judge Walter S. Smith no longer assigned to case. Signed by Chief Judge Orlando L. Garcia. (mc5) (Entered: 09/22/2016)

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76 Sept. 27, 2016

ORDER DENYING 74 Motion for Reconsideration. Signed by Judge Robert Pitman. (tb) (Entered: 09/27/2016)

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77 Sept. 27, 2016

ORDER Directing Monthly Payments be made from Prison Account of SCOTT LYNN GIBSON. Signed by Judge Robert Pitman. (tb) (Entered: 09/27/2016)

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Oct. 12, 2016

Appeal Record Accepted and Available Electronically

Oct. 12, 2016

Certification of the Electronic Record on Appeal has been accepted by the 5th Circuit re 71 Notice of Appeal. Attorneys are advised that they may now download the EROA from the Fifth Circuit CM/ECF site by following these instructions here (tb)

78 Feb. 9, 2018

Initial Partial Filing fee received in the amount of $1.00, receipt number 600022379. (jch) (Entered: 02/09/2018)

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79 April 22, 2019

Certified copy of USCA MANDATE Affirming District Court's decision re 71 Notice of Appeal, filed by Scott Lynn Gibson. (lad) (Entered: 04/23/2019)

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80 Dec. 9, 2019

WRIT OF CERTIORARI re 71 Notice of Appeal, DENIED by US Supreme Court (lad) (Entered: 12/11/2019)

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Case Details

State / Territory:

Texas

Case Type(s):

Prison Conditions

Healthcare Access and Reproductive Issues

Special Collection(s):

Multi-LexSum (in sample)

Transgender Healthcare Access Cases

Key Dates

Filing Date: June 8, 2015

Closing Date: Dec. 9, 2019

Case Ongoing: No

Plaintiffs

Plaintiff Description:

A trans woman seeking gender affirming medical care including gender affirming surgery while housed in a men's prison in Texas

Plaintiff Type(s):

Private Plaintiff

Public Interest Lawyer: Yes

Filed Pro Se: Yes

Class Action Sought: No

Class Action Outcome: Not sought

Defendants

State

Texas Department of Criminal Justice

Defendant Type(s):

Corrections

Facility Type(s):

Government-run

Case Details

Causes of Action:

42 U.S.C. § 1983

Declaratory Judgment Act, 28 U.S.C. § 2201

Constitutional Clause(s):

Cruel and Unusual Punishment

Other Dockets:

Western District of Texas 6:15-cv-00190

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit 16-51148

Supreme Court of the United States 18-1586

Available Documents:

Any published opinion

Complaint (any)

Non-settlement Outcome

Trial Court Docket

Outcome

Prevailing Party: Defendant

Relief Granted:

None

Source of Relief:

None

Issues

General/Misc.:

Conditions of confinement

Discrimination Basis:

Gender identity

Affected Sex/Gender(s):

Female

LGBTQ+:

LGBTQ+

Recommended Citation