Case: Students for Fair Admissions v. United States Military Academy at West Point

7:23-cv-08262 | U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York

Filed Date: Sept. 19, 2023

Closed Date: Aug. 13, 2025

Clearinghouse coding complete

Case Summary

On September 19, 2023, Students for Fair Admissions (SFFA), a nonprofit group founded on the premise that race-based college admissions are unconstitutional, filed this lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. This case was assigned to District Judge Philip M. Halpern and Magistrate Judge Judith C. McCarthy. SFFA sued the U.S. Military Academy at West Point and the U.S. Department of Defense and alleged that their use of racial benchmarks in admissions decisions…

On September 19, 2023, Students for Fair Admissions (SFFA), a nonprofit group founded on the premise that race-based college admissions are unconstitutional, filed this lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. This case was assigned to District Judge Philip M. Halpern and Magistrate Judge Judith C. McCarthy.

SFFA sued the U.S. Military Academy at West Point and the U.S. Department of Defense and alleged that their use of racial benchmarks in admissions decisions violated the Fifth Amendment. Represented by private counsel, SFFA sought a declaratory judgment that West Point’s use of race was unconstitutional under the Fifth Amendment; both a preliminary and permanent injunction prohibiting West Point from considering or knowing an applicant’s race when making admissions decisions; and all other relief to which they are entitled, including but not limited to attorneys fees. 

SFFA claimed that under the Equal Protection standard governing affirmative action in higher education established by U.S. Supreme Court’s decision in Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard, West Point’s use of racial benchmarks in admissions failed strict scrutiny and, consequently, violated the Fifth Amendment’s Equal Protection guarantee. In particular, SFFA argued West Point’s interest in using racial classifications to improve the military’s internal functioning and bolster the military’s external legitimacy did not constitute a compelling interest and that their use of race—which used rigid benchmarks and lacked a logical endpoint—was not narrowly tailored.

On the same day they filed their complaint, SFFA also filed a motion for preliminary injunction. Oral arguments on the motion were held on December 19, 2023 and the court denied the motion on January 3, 2024. It held that although the standard set out in SFFA v. Harvard governs admissions in higher education, it did not govern admission standards for West Point and similar military academies. The court refused to apply the standard to such institutions because of “the potentially distinct interests that military academies may present.” 2024 WL 36026.

In response to the District Court’s decision, SFFA filed an appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit on January 3, 2024. 

On January 26, 2024, SFFA applied for a writ of injunction pending appeal to the U.S. Supreme Court.

On February 2, 2024, the writ of injunction was denied by Justice Sonia Sotomayor, who found that the record was underdeveloped and that the denial should not be construed as a ruling on the merits of the constitutional question.

On February 13, 2024, the parties filed a stipulation withdrawing the appeal to the Second Circuit.

On February 19, 2024, SFFA filed an amended complaint. The amended complaint removed the U.S. Department of Defense as a defendant, focusing only on West Point itself now. Further, the amended complaint included extensive new factual allegations detailing West Point's specific admissions processes. 

On August 13, 2025, the parties filed a stipulation of voluntary dismissal. In January 2025, President Trump assumed office and issued Executive Order 14185, declaring that “[n]o individual or group within our Armed Forces should be preferred or disadvantaged on the basis of sex, race, ethnicity, color, or creed.” The Department of Defense implemented this presidential directive and eliminated the consideration of race or ethnicity for admission to military academic institutions. As a result, SFFA dismissed the suit with prejudice. 

This case is now closed.

Summary Authors

Alex Levin (11/11/2023)

Lenneal McKudu (4/12/2024)

Liat Sinclair (4/19/2026)

People

For PACER's information on parties and their attorneys, see: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/67808329/parties/students-for-fair-admissions-v-united-states-military-academy-at-west/


Judge(s)
Attorney for Plaintiff

-, Patrick Strawbridge, (New York)

-, Cameron Thomas (New York)

Attorney for Defendant

Attorney, Jennifer Ellen (New York)

Attorney, Benjamin H. (New York)

Attorney, Alyssa O'Gallagher, (New York)

Expert/Monitor/Master/Other

Documents in the Clearinghouse

Documents in this case

23-00696

Docket

Students for Fair Admissions v. United States MIlitary Academy at West Point

Supreme Court of the United States

Jan. 26, 2024

Jan. 26, 2024

Docket
1

7:23-cv-08262

Verified Complaint

Sept. 19, 2023

Sept. 19, 2023

Complaint
78

7:23-cv-08262

Opinion and Order

Students for Fair Admissions v. United States MIlitary Academy at West Point

Jan. 3, 2024

Jan. 3, 2024

Order/Opinion

2024 WL 36026

79

7:23-cv-08262

Emergency Notice of Appeal

Jan. 3, 2024

Jan. 3, 2024

Pleading / Motion / Brief
83

7:23-cv-08262

Order on Motion for Conference

Jan. 4, 2024

Jan. 4, 2024

Order/Opinion

23-00696

Miscellaneous Order

Supreme Court of the United States

Feb. 2, 2024

Feb. 2, 2024

Order/Opinion
87

7:23-cv-08262

Amended Complaint

Students for Fair Admissions v. The United States Military Academy at West Point

Feb. 19, 2024

Feb. 19, 2024

Complaint
141

7:23-cv-08262

Joint Stipulation of Dismissal

Students for Fair Admissions v. United States Military Academy at West Point et al.

Aug. 13, 2025

Aug. 13, 2025

Pleading / Motion / Brief

Docket

See docket on RECAP: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/67808329/students-for-fair-admissions-v-united-states-military-academy-at-west/

Last updated July 11, 2026, 7:06 a.m.

Docket for: Students for Fair Admissions v. United States Military Academy at West Point
ECF Number Date Description Link
1 Sept. 19, 2023

COMPLAINT against Lloyd Austin, Steven Gilland, Rance Lee, The United States Department of Defense, United States Military Academy at West Point, Christine Wormuth. (Filing Fee $ 402.00, Receipt Number ANYSDC-28307701)Document filed by Students for Fair Admissions..(McCarthy, Thomas) (Entered: 09/19/2023)

Clearinghouse
2 Sept. 19, 2023

CIVIL COVER SHEET filed..(McCarthy, Thomas) (Entered: 09/19/2023)

RECAP
3 Sept. 19, 2023

FILING ERROR - PDF ERROR REQUEST FOR ISSUANCE OF SUMMONS as to United States Military Academy at West Point, The United States Department of Defense, Lloyd Austin, Christine Wormuth, Steven Gilland, Rance Lee, re: 1 Complaint,. Document filed by Students for Fair Admissions..(McCarthy, Thomas) Modified on 9/19/2023 (gp). (Entered: 09/19/2023)

RECAP
4 Sept. 19, 2023

REQUEST FOR ISSUANCE OF SUMMONS as to United States Military Academy at West Point, The United States Department of Defense, Lloyd Austin, Christine Wormuth, Steven Gilland, Rance Lee, re: 1 Complaint,. Document filed by Students for Fair Admissions..(McCarthy, Thomas) (Entered: 09/19/2023)

RECAP
5 Sept. 19, 2023

RULE 7.1 CORPORATE DISCLOSURE STATEMENT. No Corporate Parent. Document filed by Students for Fair Admissions..(McCarthy, Thomas) (Entered: 09/19/2023)

RECAP
6 Sept. 19, 2023

MOTION for Preliminary Injunction . Document filed by Students for Fair Admissions..(McCarthy, Thomas) (Entered: 09/19/2023)

RECAP
7 Sept. 19, 2023

MEMORANDUM OF LAW in Support re: 6 MOTION for Preliminary Injunction . . Document filed by Students for Fair Admissions..(McCarthy, Thomas) (Entered: 09/19/2023)

RECAP
8 Sept. 19, 2023

DECLARATION of Member A in Support re: 6 MOTION for Preliminary Injunction .. Document filed by Students for Fair Admissions..(McCarthy, Thomas) (Entered: 09/19/2023)

RECAP
9 Sept. 19, 2023

DECLARATION of Edward Blum in Support re: 6 MOTION for Preliminary Injunction .. Document filed by Students for Fair Admissions..(McCarthy, Thomas) (Entered: 09/19/2023)

RECAP
10 Sept. 19, 2023

DECLARATION of James Hasson in Support re: 6 MOTION for Preliminary Injunction .. Document filed by Students for Fair Admissions. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Ex. A - "The U.S. Military Academy at West Point", # 2 Exhibit Ex. B - "Class of 2027 to enter West Point", # 3 Exhibit Ex. C - "Class of 2026 to enter West Point", # 4 Exhibit Ex. D - "Cadet Consumer Information/Right to Know", # 5 Exhibit Ex. E - 1994 paper from the U.S. Government Accountability Office entitled, "Military Academy: Gender and Race Disparities", # 6 Exhibit Ex. F - 1999 report by the United States Department of Defense, Office of the Undersecretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness, entitled, Career Progression of Minority and Women Officers., # 7 Exhibit Ex. G - pages 1-110 Report by the United States Military Academy Board of Visitors entitled, 2017 Annual Report., # 8 Exhibit Ex. G - ages 111-123 Report by the United States Military Academy Board of Visitors entitled, 2017 Annual Report., # 9 Exhibit Ex. H - Report by the United States Military Academy Board of Visitors entitled 2019 Annual Report., # 10 Exhibit Ex. I - Report by the United States Military Academy Board of Visitors entitled 2019 Annual Report., # 11 Exhibit Ex. J - news release by West Point entitled, Class of 2022 to Enter West Point., # 12 Exhibit Ex. K -news release by West Point Public Affairs entitled, Class of 2023 to Enter West Point., # 13 Exhibit Ex. L - 2010 article by Mike Strasser entitled, West Point Diversity Conference Discusses Progress, Challenges in Way Ahead., # 14 Exhibit Ex. M - 2003 New York Times Article entitled, Service Academies Defend Their Use of Race in Admissions Policies., # 15 Exhibit Ex. N - report by the Department of Defense entitled, Department of Defense Strategic Plan 2012-2017., # 16 Exhibit Ex. O - a 2001 Guardian article by James Maycock entitled, War Within War., # 17 Exhibit Ex. P - 2021 article by Walt Napier entitled A Short History of Integration in the U.S. Armed Forces., # 18 Exhibit Ex. Q - Article in Task and Purpose by Sarah Sicard entitled, How Affirmative Action Works at West Point., # 19 Exhibit Ex. R - Survey by the Ronald Reagan Institute entitled National Defense Survey., # 20 Exhibit Ex. S - Atlantic article by Senator Tim Kaine entitled, Why Our Best Officers Are Leaving., # 21 Exhibit Ex. T - Harvard study by Sayce Falk and Sasha Rogers entitled, Junior Military Officer Retention: Challenges and Opportunities., # 22 Exhibit Ex. U - CBS News article by Anthony Salvanto entitled, CBS News Poll Finds Most Americans Say Colleges Shouldnt Factor Race Into Admissions., # 23 Exhibit Ex. V - Pew Research poll entitled, Americans and affirmative action., # 24 Exhibit Ex. W Part 1 - Report by the Military Diversity Leadership Commission, entitled From Representation to Inclusion., # 25 Exhibit Ex. W Part 2 - Report by the Military Diversity Leadership Commission, entitled From Representation to Inclusion.).(McCarthy, Thomas) (Entered: 09/20/2023)

1 Exhibit Ex. A - "The U.S. Military Academy at West Point"

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2 Exhibit Ex. B - "Class of 2027 to enter West Point"

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3 Exhibit Ex. C - "Class of 2026 to enter West Point"

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4 Exhibit Ex. D - "Cadet Consumer Information/Right to Know"

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5 Exhibit Ex. E - 1994 paper from the U.S. Government Accountability Office entit

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6 Exhibit Ex. F - 1999 report by the United States Department of Defense, Office o

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7 Exhibit Ex. G - pages 1-110 Report by the United States Military Academy Board o

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8 Exhibit Ex. G - ages 111-123 Report by the United States Military Academy Board

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9 Exhibit Ex. H - Report by the United States Military Academy Board of Visitors e

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10 Exhibit Ex. I - Report by the United States Military Academy Board of Visitors e

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11 Exhibit Ex. J - news release by West Point entitled, Class of 2022 to Enter West

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12 Exhibit Ex. K -news release by West Point Public Affairs entitled, Class of 2023

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13 Exhibit Ex. L - 2010 article by Mike Strasser entitled, West Point Diversity Con

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14 Exhibit Ex. M - 2003 New York Times Article entitled, Service Academies Defend T

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15 Exhibit Ex. N - report by the Department of Defense entitled, Department of Defe

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16 Exhibit Ex. O - a 2001 Guardian article by James Maycock entitled, War Within Wa

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17 Exhibit Ex. P - 2021 article by Walt Napier entitled A Short History of Integrat

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18 Exhibit Ex. Q - Article in Task and Purpose by Sarah Sicard entitled, How Affirm

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19 Exhibit Ex. R - Survey by the Ronald Reagan Institute entitled National Defense

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20 Exhibit Ex. S - Atlantic article by Senator Tim Kaine entitled, Why Our Best Off

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21 Exhibit Ex. T - Harvard study by Sayce Falk and Sasha Rogers entitled, Junior Mi

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22 Exhibit Ex. U - CBS News article by Anthony Salvanto entitled, CBS News Poll Fin

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23 Exhibit Ex. V - Pew Research poll entitled, Americans and affirmative action.

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24 Exhibit Ex. W Part 1 - Report by the Military Diversity Leadership Commission, e

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25 Exhibit Ex. W Part 2 - Report by the Military Diversity Leadership Commission, e

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RECAP
11 Sept. 20, 2023

MOTION for Thomas R. McCarthy to Appear Pro Hac Vice . Filing fee $ 200.00, receipt number ANYSDC-28311727. Motion and supporting papers to be reviewed by Clerk's Office staff. Document filed by Students for Fair Admissions..(McCarthy, Thomas) (Entered: 09/20/2023)

RECAP
12 Sept. 20, 2023

ELECTRONIC SUMMONS ISSUED as to Lloyd Austin, Steven Gilland, Rance Lee, The United States Department of Defense, United States Military Academy at West Point, Christine Wormuth..(pc) (Entered: 09/20/2023)

RECAP
Sept. 20, 2023

>>>NOTICE REGARDING PRO HAC VICE MOTION. Regarding Document No. 11 MOTION for Thomas R. McCarthy to Appear Pro Hac Vice . Filing fee $ 200.00, receipt number ANYSDC-28311727. Motion and supporting papers to be reviewed by Clerk's Office staff.. The document has been reviewed and there are no deficiencies. (sgz)

Sept. 20, 2023

CASE OPENING INITIAL ASSIGNMENT NOTICE: The above-entitled action is assigned to Judge Philip M. Halpern. Please download and review the Individual Practices of the assigned District Judge, located at https://nysd.uscourts.gov/judges/district-judges. Attorneys are responsible for providing courtesy copies to judges where their Individual Practices require such. Please download and review the ECF Rules and Instructions, located at https://nysd.uscourts.gov/rules/ecf-related-instructions..(pc)

Sept. 20, 2023

Case Designated ECF

Sept. 20, 2023

Magistrate Judge Judith C. McCarthy is so designated. Pursuant to 28 U.S.C. Section 636(c) and Fed. R. Civ. P. 73(b)(1) parties are notified that they may consent to proceed before a United States Magistrate Judge. Parties who wish to consent may access the necessary form at the following link: https://nysd.uscourts.gov/sites/default/files/2018-06/AO-3.pdf. (pc)

Sept. 20, 2023

Case Designation

Sept. 20, 2023

Case Designated ECF. (pc)

Sept. 20, 2023

Case Opening Initial Assignment Notice

Sept. 20, 2023

Notice Regarding Pro Hac Vice Motion

13 Sept. 22, 2023

ORDER FOR ADMISSION PRO HAC VICE granting 11 MOTION for Thomas R. McCarthy to Appear Pro Hac Vice. The motion of Thomas McCarthy for admission to practice pro hac vice in the above-captioned action is granted.. (Signed by Judge Philip M. Halpern on 9/22/2023) (jca) (Entered: 09/22/2023)

RECAP
14 Sept. 26, 2023

NOTICE OF APPEARANCE by Thomas McCarthy on behalf of Students for Fair Admissions..(McCarthy, Thomas) (Entered: 09/26/2023)

RECAP
15 Sept. 28, 2023

LETTER addressed to Judge Philip M. Halpern from Thomas McCarthy dated 09/28/2023 re: Preliminary Injunction Motion. Document filed by Students for Fair Admissions..(McCarthy, Thomas) (Entered: 09/28/2023)

RECAP
16 Sept. 28, 2023

MOTION for Patrick Strawbridge to Appear Pro Hac Vice . Filing fee $ 200.00, receipt number ANYSDC-28351931. Motion and supporting papers to be reviewed by Clerk's Office staff. Document filed by Students for Fair Admissions..(Strawbridge, Patrick) (Entered: 09/28/2023)

RECAP
Sept. 28, 2023

>>>NOTICE REGARDING PRO HAC VICE MOTION. Regarding Document No. 16 MOTION for Patrick Strawbridge to Appear Pro Hac Vice . Filing fee $ 200.00, receipt number ANYSDC-28351931. Motion and supporting papers to be reviewed by Clerk's Office staff.. The document has been reviewed and there are no deficiencies. (sgz)

Sept. 28, 2023

Notice Regarding Pro Hac Vice Motion

17 Sept. 29, 2023

MEMO ENDORSEMENT on re: 15 Letter filed by Students for Fair Admissions. ENDORSEMENT: A telephone conference has been scheduled for 10/24/2023 at 11:30 a.m. to discuss plaintiff's pending motion for a preliminary injunction and request for a briefing schedule. The time for defendant to oppose the motion is stayed pending further order of the Court. At the time of the conference, all parties shall call the following number: (888) 398-2342; access code 3456831. Counsel for plaintiff shall notify all parties of the conference date and time and dial-in instructions, and shall, in advance of the conference, file proof of service of process. ( Telephone Conference set for 10/24/2023 at 11:30 AM before Judge Philip M. Halpern.) (Signed by Judge Philip M. Halpern on 9/29/2023) (ate) (Entered: 09/29/2023)

RECAP
18 Sept. 29, 2023

ORDER granting 16 Motion for Patrick Strawbridge to Appear Pro Hac Vice. (Signed by Judge Philip M. Halpern on 9/29/2023) (ate) (Entered: 09/29/2023)

RECAP
19 Sept. 30, 2023

NOTICE OF APPEARANCE by Alyssa O'Gallagher on behalf of Lloyd Austin, Steven Gilland, Rance Lee, The United States Department of Defense, United States Military Academy at West Point, Christine Wormuth..(O'Gallagher, Alyssa) (Entered: 09/30/2023)

RECAP
20 Sept. 30, 2023

NOTICE OF APPEARANCE by Jennifer Ellen Blain on behalf of Lloyd Austin, Steven Gilland, Rance Lee, The United States Department of Defense, United States Military Academy at West Point, Christine Wormuth..(Blain, Jennifer) (Entered: 09/30/2023)

RECAP
21 Oct. 2, 2023

AFFIDAVIT OF SERVICE of Complaint, Summons, and Motion for a Preliminary Injunction served on The United States Military Academy at West Point; The United States Department of Defense; Lloyd Austin; Christine Wormuth; Lieutenant General Steven Gilland; Lieutenant Colonel Rance Lee on September 25, 2023. Service was accepted by Jennifer Ellen Blain. Document filed by Students for Fair Admissions..(Strawbridge, Patrick) (Entered: 10/02/2023)

RECAP
22 Oct. 4, 2023

FILING ERROR - DEFICIENT DOCKET ENTRY - FIRST MOTION for Bryan Weir to Appear Pro Hac Vice . Filing fee $ 200.00, receipt number ANYSDC-28380917. Motion and supporting papers to be reviewed by Clerk's Office staff. Document filed by Students for Fair Admissions..(Weir, Bryan) Modified on 10/4/2023 (va). (Entered: 10/04/2023)

RECAP
Oct. 4, 2023

Notice Regarding Deficient Motion to Appear Pro Hac Vice

Oct. 4, 2023

>>>NOTICE REGARDING DEFICIENT MOTION TO APPEAR PRO HAC VICE. Notice to RE-FILE Document No. 22 FIRST MOTION for Bryan Weir to Appear Pro Hac Vice . Filing fee $ 200.00, receipt number ANYSDC-28380917. Motion and supporting papers to be reviewed by Clerk's Office staff. The filing is deficient for the following reason(s): missing Certificate of Good Standing from Supreme Court of California. Re-file the motion as a Motion to Appear Pro Hac Vice - attach the correct signed PDF - select the correct named filer/filers - attach valid Certificates of Good Standing issued within the past 30 days - attach Proposed Order. (va)

Oct. 4, 2023

Notice Regarding Deficient Motion to Appear Pro Hac vice

23 Oct. 5, 2023

FIRST MOTION for Cameron Norris to Appear Pro Hac Vice . Filing fee $ 200.00, receipt number ANYSDC-28385707. Motion and supporting papers to be reviewed by Clerk's Office staff. Document filed by Students for Fair Admissions..(Norris, Cameron) (Entered: 10/05/2023)

RECAP
24 Oct. 5, 2023

FIRST MOTION for Mike Connolly to Appear Pro Hac Vice . Filing fee $ 200.00, receipt number ANYSDC-28387968. Motion and supporting papers to be reviewed by Clerk's Office staff. Document filed by Students for Fair Admissions..(Connolly, John) (Entered: 10/05/2023)

RECAP
Oct. 5, 2023

>>>NOTICE REGARDING PRO HAC VICE MOTION. Regarding Document No. 23 FIRST MOTION for Cameron Norris to Appear Pro Hac Vice . Filing fee $ 200.00, receipt number ANYSDC-28385707. Motion and supporting papers to be reviewed by Clerk's Office staff. The document has been reviewed and there are no deficiencies. (va)

Oct. 5, 2023

>>>NOTICE REGARDING PRO HAC VICE MOTION. Regarding Document No. 23 FIRST MOTION for Cameron Norris to Appear Pro Hac Vice . Filing fee $ 200.00, receipt number ANYSDC-28385707. Motion and supporting papers to be reviewed by Clerk's Office staff. The document has been reviewed and there are no deficiencies. (va)

Oct. 5, 2023

>>>NOTICE REGARDING PRO HAC VICE MOTION. Regarding Document No. 24 FIRST MOTION for Mike Connolly to Appear Pro Hac Vice . Filing fee $ 200.00, receipt number ANYSDC-28387968. Motion and supporting papers to be reviewed by Clerk's Office staff. The document has been reviewed and there are no deficiencies. (va)

Oct. 5, 2023

Notice Regarding Pro Hac Vice Motion

25 Oct. 6, 2023

DECLARATION of Member C in Support re: 6 MOTION for Preliminary Injunction .. Document filed by Students for Fair Admissions..(Strawbridge, Patrick) (Entered: 10/06/2023)

RECAP
26 Oct. 6, 2023

ORDER FOR ADMISSION PRO HAC VICE granting 23 FIRST MOTION for Cameron Norris to Appear Pro Hac Vice. The motion of Cameron Norris for admission to practice pro hac vice in the above-captioned action is granted.. (Signed by Judge Philip M. Halpern on 10/6/2023) (jca) (Entered: 10/06/2023)

RECAP
27 Oct. 6, 2023

ORDER FOR ADMISSION PRO HAC VICE granting 24 FIRST MOTION for Mike Connolly to Appear Pro Hac Vice. The motion of Mike Connolly for admission to practice pro hac vice in the above-captioned action is granted.. (Signed by Judge Philip M. Halpern on 10/6/2023) (jca) (Entered: 10/06/2023)

RECAP
28 Oct. 19, 2023

NOTICE OF APPEARANCE by John Robinson on behalf of Lloyd Austin, Steven Gilland, Rance Lee, The United States Department of Defense, United States Military Academy at West Point, Christine Wormuth..(Robinson, John) (Entered: 10/19/2023)

RECAP
29 Oct. 19, 2023

PETITION TO FILE AN AMICUS BRIEF IN OPPOSITION TO PLAINTIFF(MOTION for Leave to File AMICUS BRIEF). Document filed by Robert Wooten, a non-party.(sc) (Entered: 10/20/2023)

RECAP
Oct. 24, 2023

Minute Entry for proceedings held before Judge Philip M. Halpern: Telephone Status Conference held on October 24, 2023 regarding Plaintiffs pending motion for a preliminary injunction. Counsel for all parties appeared by telephone. Plaintiff shall file with the Court an affidavit of service of the Complaint on all Defendants or waiver of service consistent with Rule 4 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. The Court declines to construe Plaintiffs motion for a preliminary injunction as an Order to Show Cause. The Court directed the following, by October 31, 2023: (1) Plaintiff shall file a proposed Order to Show Cause; (2) Plaintiff may either file a revised Memorandum of Law addressing the burden of proof standard the Court should apply to the preliminary injunction motion or advise the Court that it is not filing a revised memorandum; (3) Defendants shall write to the Court outlining their position why the Court should stay their deadline to answer or otherwise respond to Plaintiff's Complaint pending a decision on Plaintiff's motion for a preliminary injunction; and (4) the Parties shall write to the Court regarding: (i) their efforts at resolution and whether a referral to the assigned magistrate judge for settlement or to the Court-annexed mediation program would assist, or whether they intend to engage a private mediator; and (ii) their respective positions on the Petition to File an Amicus Brief (Doc 29). Defendants' opposition to the motion for a preliminary injunction is due by November 17, 2023 and Plaintiff's reply is due by November 29, 2023. The Court scheduled oral argument to proceed on December 21, 2023 at 11:00 a.m. in Courtroom 520 unless the Court advises the Parties that oral argument is not necessary. (Court Reporter AT&T Teleconference) (mf).

Oct. 24, 2023

Status Conference

Oct. 25, 2023

Status Conference

30 Oct. 30, 2023

PROPOSED ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE WITHOUT EMERGENCY RELIEF. Document filed by Students for Fair Admissions..(McCarthy, Thomas) Proposed Order to Show Cause to be reviewed by Clerk's Office staff. (Entered: 10/30/2023)

RECAP
31 Oct. 30, 2023

AMENDED MEMORANDUM OF LAW in Support re: 6 MOTION for Preliminary Injunction . . Document filed by Students for Fair Admissions..(McCarthy, Thomas) (Entered: 10/30/2023)

RECAP
Oct. 30, 2023

***NOTICE TO COURT REGARDING PROPOSED ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE WITHOUT EMERGENCY RELIEF. Document No. 30 Proposed Order to Show Cause Without Emergency Relief was reviewed and approved as to form. (tp)

Oct. 30, 2023

***NOTICE TO COURT REGARDING PROPOSED ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE WITHOUT EMERGENCY RELIEF. Document No. 30 Proposed Order to Show Cause Without Emergency Relief was reviewed and approved as to form. (tp)

32 Oct. 31, 2023

ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE FOR PRELIMINARY INJUNCTION It is ORDERED, that the above named defendants show cause before a motion term of this Court, at Room 520, Federal Building and Courthouse, 300 Quarropas Street, in the City of White Plains, County of Westchester, and State of New York, on December 21, 2023, at 11 o'clock in the fore noon thereof, or as soon thereafter as counsel may be heard, why an order should not be issued pursuant to Rule 65 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure enjoining the defendants during the pendency of this action from considering race as a factor when making admissions decisions; and it is further ORDERED that this Order to Show Cause and the papers upon which it is based are deemed served upon Defendants via ECF filing, provided that Plaintiff complies with the Court's Order to file an affidavit of service or waiver of service of the complaint consistent with Fed. R. Civ. P.4; and it is further ORDERED that Defendants' opposition papers shall be served and filed by November 17, 2023; and Plaintiff's reply papers shall be served and filed by November 29, 2023. If after the motion is fully submitted the Court believes oral argument is unnecessary it will so advise the parties. SO ORDERED. (Show Cause Hearing set for 12/21/2023 at 11:00 AM in Courtroom 520, 300 Quarropas Street, White Plains, NY 10601 before Judge Philip M. Halpern.), ( Replies due by 11/29/2023.) Show Cause Response due by 11/17/2023. (Signed by Judge Philip M. Halpern on 10/31/2023) (jca) (Entered: 10/31/2023)

RECAP
33 Oct. 31, 2023

SECOND MOTION for Bryan Weir to Appear Pro Hac Vice . Motion and supporting papers to be reviewed by Clerk's Office staff. Document filed by Students for Fair Admissions..(Norris, Cameron) (Entered: 10/31/2023)

RECAP
34 Oct. 31, 2023

THIRD MOTION for Bryan Weir to Appear Pro Hac Vice . Motion and supporting papers to be reviewed by Clerk's Office staff. Document filed by Students for Fair Admissions..(Norris, Cameron) (Entered: 10/31/2023)

RECAP
35 Oct. 31, 2023

FILING ERROR - DEFICIENT DOCKET ENTRY - MOTION for James Hasson to Appear Pro Hac Vice . Filing fee $ 200.00, receipt number ANYSDC-28502342. Motion and supporting papers to be reviewed by Clerk's Office staff. Document filed by Students for Fair Admissions..(Hasson, James) Modified on 10/31/2023 (va). (Entered: 10/31/2023)

RECAP
36 Oct. 31, 2023

JOINT LETTER addressed to Judge Philip M. Halpern from Alyssa B. O'Gallagher dated October 31, 2023 re: Efforts at Resolution and Amicus Filings. Document filed by Lloyd Austin, Steven Gilland, Rance Lee, The United States Department of Defense, United States Military Academy at West Point, Christine Wormuth..(O'Gallagher, Alyssa) (Entered: 10/31/2023)

RECAP
37 Oct. 31, 2023

LETTER addressed to Judge Philip M. Halpern from Alyssa B. O'Gallagher dated October 31, 2023 re: Defendants' Deadline to Respond to the Complaint. Document filed by Lloyd Austin, Steven Gilland, Rance Lee, The United States Department of Defense, United States Military Academy at West Point, Christine Wormuth..(O'Gallagher, Alyssa) (Entered: 10/31/2023)

RECAP
Oct. 31, 2023

Notice Regarding Deficient Motion to Appear Pro Hac Vice

Oct. 31, 2023

>>>NOTICE REGARDING DEFICIENT MOTION TO APPEAR PRO HAC VICE. Notice to RE-FILE Document No. 33 SECOND MOTION for Bryan Weir to Appear Pro Hac Vice . Motion and supporting papers to be reviewed by Clerk's Office staff. The filing is deficient for the following reason(s): INK SIGNATURE required when not using own PACER account;. Re-file the motion as a Motion to Appear Pro Hac Vice - attach the correct signed PDF - select the correct named filer/filers - attach valid Certificates of Good Standing issued within the past 30 days - attach Proposed Order. (va)

Oct. 31, 2023

>>>NOTICE REGARDING PRO HAC VICE MOTION. Regarding Document No. 34 THIRD MOTION for Bryan Weir to Appear Pro Hac Vice . Motion and supporting papers to be reviewed by Clerk's Office staff. The document has been reviewed and there are no deficiencies. (va)

Oct. 31, 2023

Notice Regarding Pro Hac Vice Motion

Oct. 31, 2023

>>>NOTICE REGARDING DEFICIENT MOTION TO APPEAR PRO HAC VICE. Notice to RE-FILE Document No. 35 MOTION for James Hasson to Appear Pro Hac Vice . Filing fee $ 200.00, receipt number ANYSDC-28502342. Motion and supporting papers to be reviewed by Clerk's Office staff... The filing is deficient for the following reason(s): missing Certificate of Good Standing from Supreme Court of Texas and Supreme Court of Virginia. Re-file the motion as a Motion to Appear Pro Hac Vice - attach the correct signed PDF - select the correct named filer/filers - attach valid Certificates of Good Standing issued within the past 30 days - attach Proposed Order. (va)

Oct. 31, 2023

>>>NOTICE REGARDING DEFICIENT MOTION TO APPEAR PRO HAC VICE. Notice to RE-FILE Document No. 35 MOTION for James Hasson to Appear Pro Hac Vice . Filing fee $ 200.00, receipt number ANYSDC-28502342. Motion and supporting papers to be reviewed by Clerk's Office staff... The filing is deficient for the following reason(s): missing Certificate of Good Standing from Supreme Court of Texas and Supreme Court of Virginia. Re-file the motion as a Motion to Appear Pro Hac Vice - attach the correct signed PDF - select the correct named filer/filers - attach valid Certificates of Good Standing issued within the past 30 days - attach Proposed Order. (va)

Oct. 31, 2023

Notice Regarding Deficient Motion to Appear Pro Hac vice

38 Nov. 1, 2023

ORDER FOR ADMISSION PRO HAC VICE granting 34 THIRD MOTION for Bryan Weir to Appear Pro Hac Vice. The motion of Bryan Weir for admission to practice pro hac vice in the above-captioned action is granted.. (Signed by Judge Philip M. Halpern on 11/1/2023) (jca) (Entered: 11/01/2023)

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39 Nov. 1, 2023

AFFIDAVIT OF SERVICE of Complaint, Summonses, and Motion for Preliminary Injunction served on All Defendants. Service was made by Mail. Document filed by Students for Fair Admissions..(Norris, Cameron) (Entered: 11/01/2023)

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40 Nov. 2, 2023

MEMO ENDORSEMENT on re: 37 Letter, filed by Lloyd Austin, The United States Department of Defense, United States Military Academy at West Point, Rance Lee, Steven Gilland, Christine Wormuth ENDORSEMENT: Application granted. The time for defendants to answer the complaint is extended pending a decision on the motion for a preliminary injunction. SO ORDERED. (Signed by Judge Philip M. Halpern on 11/2/2023) (jca) (Entered: 11/02/2023)

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41 Nov. 3, 2023

ORDER denying 29 Letter Motion for Leave to File Document. Accordingly, the motion for leave to file an amicus brief (Doc. 29) is denied. The Clerk of Court is respectfully requested to terminate the pending motion and mail a copy of this order to Mr. Wooten at the address noted by him in his motion (Doc. 29): Robert Wooten, 2478 Van Buskirk St., Stockton, CA 95206. SO ORDERED.. (Signed by Judge Philip M. Halpern on 11/3/2023) (jca) Transmission to Docket Assistant Clerk for processing. (Entered: 11/03/2023)

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Nov. 6, 2023

Mailed a copy of 41 Order on Motion for Leave to File Document, to Robert Wooten, 2478 Van Buskirk St., Stockton, CA 95206. (sha)

Nov. 6, 2023

Mailed a copy of 41 Order on Motion for Leave to File Document, to Robert Wooten, 2478 Van Buskirk St., Stockton, CA 95206. (sha)

42 Nov. 9, 2023

LETTER MOTION for Extension of Time and Leave to File Excess Pages addressed to Judge Philip M. Halpern from Alyssa B. O'Gallagher dated November 9, 2023. Document filed by Lloyd Austin, Steven Gilland, Rance Lee, The United States Department of Defense, United States Military Academy at West Point, Christine Wormuth..(O'Gallagher, Alyssa) (Entered: 11/09/2023)

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43 Nov. 10, 2023

ORDER granting 42 Letter Motion for Extension of Time. The time for Defendants to file their opposition to Plaintiff's motion for a preliminary injunction is extended to November 22, 2023 and Defendants are granted leave to file a 50-page brief. (HEREBY ORDERED by Judge Philip M. Halpern)(Text Only Order) (sbh) (Entered: 11/10/2023)

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Nov. 10, 2023

Order on Motion for Extension of Time

44 Nov. 21, 2023

LETTER MOTION for Leave to File Excess Pages addressed to Judge Philip M. Halpern from Alyssa B. O'Gallagher dated November 21, 2023. Document filed by Lloyd Austin, Steven Gilland, Rance Lee, The United States Department of Defense, United States Military Academy at West Point, Christine Wormuth..(O'Gallagher, Alyssa) (Entered: 11/21/2023)

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45 Nov. 21, 2023

LETTER RESPONSE in Opposition to Motion addressed to Judge Philip M. Halpern from Thomas R. McCarthy dated November 21, 2023 re: 44 LETTER MOTION for Leave to File Excess Pages addressed to Judge Philip M. Halpern from Alyssa B. O'Gallagher dated November 21, 2023. . Document filed by Students for Fair Admissions..(McCarthy, Thomas) (Entered: 11/21/2023)

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46 Nov. 22, 2023

ORDER granting 44 Letter Motion for Leave to File Excess Pages. Application granted. SO ORDERED.. (Signed by Judge Philip M. Halpern on 11/22/2023) (jca) (Entered: 11/22/2023)

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47 Nov. 22, 2023

MEMORANDUM OF LAW in Opposition re: 6 MOTION for Preliminary Injunction . . Document filed by Lloyd Austin, Steven Gilland, Rance Lee, The United States Department of Defense, United States Military Academy at West Point, Christine Wormuth..(O'Gallagher, Alyssa) (Entered: 11/22/2023)

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48 Nov. 22, 2023

DECLARATION of Ashish S. Vazirani in Opposition re: 6 MOTION for Preliminary Injunction .. Document filed by Lloyd Austin, Steven Gilland, Rance Lee, The United States Department of Defense, United States Military Academy at West Point, Christine Wormuth..(Blain, Jennifer) (Entered: 11/22/2023)

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49 Nov. 22, 2023

DECLARATION of Lt. General Douglas F. Stitt in Opposition re: 6 MOTION for Preliminary Injunction .. Document filed by Lloyd Austin, Steven Gilland, Rance Lee, The United States Department of Defense, United States Military Academy at West Point, Christine Wormuth..(Blain, Jennifer) (Entered: 11/22/2023)

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50 Nov. 22, 2023

DECLARATION of Beth Bailey, PhD. in Opposition re: 6 MOTION for Preliminary Injunction .. Document filed by Lloyd Austin, Steven Gilland, Rance Lee, The United States Department of Defense, United States Military Academy at West Point, Christine Wormuth..(Blain, Jennifer) (Entered: 11/22/2023)

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51 Nov. 22, 2023

DECLARATION of Jeannette Haynie in Opposition re: 6 MOTION for Preliminary Injunction .. Document filed by Lloyd Austin, Steven Gilland, Rance Lee, The United States Department of Defense, United States Military Academy at West Point, Christine Wormuth..(Blain, Jennifer) (Entered: 11/22/2023)

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52 Nov. 22, 2023

DECLARATION of Jason Lyall, PhD. in Opposition re: 6 MOTION for Preliminary Injunction .. Document filed by Lloyd Austin, Steven Gilland, Rance Lee, The United States Department of Defense, United States Military Academy at West Point, Christine Wormuth..(Blain, Jennifer) (Entered: 11/22/2023)

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53 Nov. 22, 2023

DECLARATION of Colonel Deborah J. McDonald in Opposition re: 6 MOTION for Preliminary Injunction .. Document filed by Lloyd Austin, Steven Gilland, Rance Lee, The United States Department of Defense, United States Military Academy at West Point, Christine Wormuth. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A - Academic Board Directive & Annexes, # 2 Exhibit B- 2028 Admissions Guidance).(O'Gallagher, Alyssa) (Entered: 11/22/2023)

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54 Nov. 23, 2023

CONSENT LETTER MOTION for Extension of Time to File Response/Reply addressed to Judge Philip M. Halpern from Thomas R. McCarthy dated November 23, 2023., CONSENT LETTER MOTION for Leave to File Excess Pages addressed to Judge Philip M. Halpern from Thomas R. McCarthy dated November 23, 2023. Document filed by Students for Fair Admissions..(McCarthy, Thomas) (Entered: 11/23/2023)

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55 Nov. 27, 2023

ORDER granting 54 Letter Motion for Extension of Time to File Response/Reply re 54 CONSENT LETTER MOTION for Extension of Time to File Response/Reply addressed to Judge Philip M. Halpern from Thomas R. McCarthy dated November 23, 2023.CONSENT LETTER MOTION for Leave to File Excess Pages addressed to Judge Philip M. Halpern from Thomas R. McCarthy dated November 23, 2023; granting 54 Letter Motion for Leave to File Excess Pages. Applications granted. SO ORDERED. (Replies due by 12/5/2023.). (Signed by Judge Philip M. Halpern on 11/27/2023) (jca) (Entered: 11/27/2023)

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63 Nov. 27, 2023

MOTION, Re: to File Amicus Brief. Document filed by Robert Wooten.(sc) (Entered: 12/14/2023)

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56 Nov. 29, 2023

LETTER MOTION to File Amicus Brief addressed to Judge Philip M. Halpern from Sarah Hinger dated November 29, 2023. Document filed by National Association of Black Military Women, ACLU, NYCLU, NAACP LDF. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Amicus Brief in Opposition to Plaintiff's Motion for a Preliminary Injunction).(Hinger, Sarah) (Entered: 11/29/2023)

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57 Nov. 29, 2023

FIRST LETTER MOTION to File Amicus Brief on behalf of 107 West Point Graduates addressed to Judge Philip M. Halpern from Amy L. Marshak dated November 29, 2023. Document filed by 107 West Point Graduates. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Proposed Brief of Amici Curiae).(Marshak, Amy) (Entered: 11/29/2023)

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58 Nov. 29, 2023

NOTICE OF APPEARANCE by Amy L. Marshak on behalf of 107 West Point Graduates..(Marshak, Amy) (Entered: 11/29/2023)

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59 Nov. 29, 2023

NOTICE OF APPEARANCE by Sarah Hinger on behalf of National Association of Black Military Women, ACLU, NYCLU, NAACP LDF..(Hinger, Sarah) (Entered: 11/29/2023)

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60 Dec. 5, 2023

REPLY MEMORANDUM OF LAW in Support re: 6 MOTION for Preliminary Injunction . . Document filed by Students for Fair Admissions..(McCarthy, Thomas) (Entered: 12/05/2023)

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61 Dec. 5, 2023

REPLY AFFIDAVIT of Lieutenant General (Ret.) Thomas W. Spoehr in Support re: 6 MOTION for Preliminary Injunction .. Document filed by Students for Fair Admissions..(McCarthy, Thomas) (Entered: 12/05/2023)

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62 Dec. 8, 2023

NOTICE OF APPEARANCE by Perry Grossman on behalf of National Association of Black Military Women, ACLU, NYCLU, NAACP LDF..(Grossman, Perry) (Entered: 12/08/2023)

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64 Dec. 15, 2023

ORDER re: 63 MOTION to File Amicus Brief. The parties are directed to file responses to Mr. Wooten's motion (Doc. 63) by 12/22/2023. (HEREBY ORDERED by Judge Philip M. Halpern) (Text Only Order) (sbh) (Entered: 12/15/2023)

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65 Dec. 15, 2023

LETTER addressed to Judge Philip M. Halpern from AUSA Ellen Blain dated December 15, 2023 re: Response to Court's 12.15.23 Order and Update. Document filed by Lloyd Austin, Steven Gilland, Rance Lee, The United States Department of Defense, United States Military Academy at West Point, Christine Wormuth..(Blain, Jennifer) (Entered: 12/15/2023)

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Dec. 15, 2023

Order

66 Dec. 18, 2023

MOTION for Richard Gabriel Anderson to Appear Pro Hac Vice . Filing fee $ 200.00, receipt number ANYSDC-28705574. Motion and supporting papers to be reviewed by Clerk's Office staff. Document filed by Students for Fair Admissions. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order Proposed Order: Admission Pro Hac Vice, # 2 Exhibit Certificate of Good Standing: Supreme Court of Texas & Texas Bar).(Norris, Cameron) (Entered: 12/18/2023)

1 Proposed Order Proposed Order: Admission Pro Hac Vice

View on PACER

2 Exhibit Certificate of Good Standing: Supreme Court of Texas & Texas Bar

View on PACER

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67 Dec. 18, 2023

LETTER addressed to Judge Philip M. Halpern from Thomas R. McCarthy dated December 18, 2023 re: Response to Court's 12.15.23 Order & West Point's 12.15.23 Update. Document filed by Students for Fair Admissions..(McCarthy, Thomas) (Entered: 12/18/2023)

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Case Details

State / Territory:

New York

Case Type(s):

Education

Key Dates

Filing Date: Sept. 19, 2023

Closing Date: Aug. 13, 2025

Case Ongoing: No

Plaintiffs

Plaintiff Description:

Students for Fair Admissions (SFFA) is a nonprofit group founded on the premise that racial classifications and preferences in college admissions are unconstitutional.

Plaintiff Type(s):

Non-profit NON-religious organization

Public Interest Lawyer: No

Filed Pro Se: No

Class Action Sought: No

Class Action Outcome: Not sought

Defendants

Federal

The U.S. Military Academy at West Point

Defendant Type(s):

College/University

Jurisdiction-wide

Facility Type(s):

Government-run

Case Details

Causes of Action:

Declaratory Judgment Act, 28 U.S.C. § 2201

Ex parte Young (federal or state officials)

Constitutional Clause(s):

Equal Protection

Other Dockets:

Southern District of New York 7:23-cv-08262

Supreme Court of the United States 23A696

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit 24-00040

Available Documents:

Complaint (any)

Trial Court Docket

Outcome

Prevailing Party: Plaintiff OR Mixed

Relief Sought:

Declaratory judgment

Injunction

Relief Granted:

Injunction / Injunctive-like Settlement

Source of Relief:

Settlement

Form of Settlement:

Private Settlement Agreement

Content of Injunction:

Develop anti-discrimination policy

Discrimination Prohibition

Issues

General/Misc.:

School/University policies

Discrimination Basis:

Race discrimination

Recommended Citation