Case: State of Oregon v. Trump

1:25-cv-00077 | U.S. Court of International Trade

Filed Date: April 23, 2025

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Case Summary

This case challenged President Trump’s unprecedented use of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) to unilaterally impose tariffs on imports from Canada, Mexico, China, and 57 other countries, marking the first time in the statute's 50-year history that a President had invoked IEEPA for such a purpose. There were several such cases; this one (along with Learning Resources, Inc. v. Trump, 146 S. Ct. 628 (2026)) was the case in which the Supreme Court decided that the IEEPA invoc…

This case challenged President Trump’s unprecedented use of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) to unilaterally impose tariffs on imports from Canada, Mexico, China, and 57 other countries, marking the first time in the statute's 50-year history that a President had invoked IEEPA for such a purpose. There were several such cases; this one (along with Learning Resources, Inc. v. Trump, 146 S. Ct. 628 (2026)) was the case in which the Supreme Court decided that the IEEPA invocation was unlawful.

Plaintiffs (twelve U.S. states who unified to form the original legal coalition to challenge the Trump administration's broad emergency tariffs) filed this lawsuit on April 23, 2025, in the U.S. Court of International Trade. The suit named as defendants President Trump, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and its Secretary, and U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) and its Acting Commissioner. Plaintiffs stated that no president had ever before cited IEEPA—which was enacted in 1977—to impose tariffs. According to plaintiffs, the powers granted to the president by IEEPA could only be leveraged to respond to "an unusual or extraordinary threat," which did not exist when President Trump instituted the tariffs at issue in February 2025. Additionally, plaintiffs claimed that Article I of the Constitution gave Congress—not the president—the authority to "collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts, and Excises." Thus, plaintiffs alleged that Trump's tariffs violated separation of powers and the Administrative Procedure Act.

Plaintiffs sought to declare that Trump's tariff orders under IEEPA were ultra vires and contrary to law; to set aside CBP's guidance and orders related to the tariffs; to enjoin DHS, CBP, and any other government agencies from effectuating the tariff orders; and to award attorneys' fees. The case was assigned to a three-judge panel consisting of U.S. Court of International Trade Judges Gary S. Katzmann, Timothy M. Reif, and Jane A. Restani.

On May 28, 2025, the court granted summary judgment in favor of plaintiffs and against Trump's tariffs, holding that the tariffs overstepped the authority IEEPA delegated to the president and were not instituted in response to an actual threat, and therefore enjoining them. 772 F.Supp.3d 1350. The same day, defendants appealed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit and sought a stay of the injunction.

The Court of Appeals consolidated the government's appeal in this case and in another case, V.O.S. Selections, Inc. v. Trump, in which a similar challenge to Trump's tariffs was brought by a group of private businesses. 2025 WL 1527040. On June 10, 2025, the court of appeals issued a per curiam order staying the lower court's injunctions, so that they did not come into effect. The Court of Appeals found the cases "present[ed] issues of exceptional importance" and moved to hear the appeals en banc and on an expedited basis. 2025 WL 1649290.

On August 29, 2025, the Federal Circuit affirmed the Court of International Trade's decision, agreeing that "IEEPA's grant of presidential authority to 'regulate' imports did not authorize the tariffs imposed by the Executive Orders. 2026 WL 574755.

On September 3, 2025, defendants sought certiorari and moved to expedite consideration with the Supreme Court of the United States. The Supreme Court granted both the petition and motion on September 9, 2025, and consolidated the case with Learning Resources, Inc. v. Trump. Oral argument occurred November 5, 2025.

On February 20, 2026, in a 6-3 decision by Chief Justice Roberts, the Supreme Court held that IEEPA does not authorize the president to impose tariffs. 146 S. Ct. 628 (2026). Chief Justice Roberts (writing for the majority for Parts I, II-A-1, and II-B) applied the major questions doctrine, which requires clear congressional authorization for extraordinary powers, and found that IEEPA's text does not mention tariffs or duties. Id. In other circumstances where Congress had delegated tariff authority, it had done so explicitly with specific limitations. As such, the power to "regulate … importation" did not include the power to tax imports through tariffs. Id. at 636. Last, the Court considered that no president had previously invoked IEEPA to impose tariffs in the statute's 50-year history. Accordingly, the Court ruled that the Federal Circuit's judgment against the tariffs should be affirmed. Id. at 638. Chief Justice Roberts announced the judgment and opinion of the Court with respect to these points, except as to Parts II-A-2 and III.

Justice Gorsuch filed a concurring opinion, defending the major questions doctrine and tracing its historical foundations. Id. at 646–72. Justice Barrett also concurred in a separate opinion, contending that the major questions doctrine "situates text in context" and is therefore best understood as an ordinary application of textualism, rather than its own special canon. Id. at 672–74. Justice Kagan (joined by Justices Sotomayor and Jackson) concurred in part and concurred in the judgment, agreeing that IEEPA did not authorize tariffs but arguing that the ordinary tools of statutory interpretation were sufficient to come to the final judgment; as such, they did not join the part of the opinion invoking the major questions doctrine. Id. at 674–79.

Justice Kavanaugh (joined by Justices Thomas and Alito) dissented, arguing that the power to "regulate ... importation" includes the power to impose tariffs based on text, history, and precedent. Id. at 689–723. The dissent focused on the Nixon-era and Ford-era tariffs, in which the relevant statute did not include the specific language of tariffs but rather more broadly authorized the president to "regulate . . . importation" or to "adjust the imports." Id. at 690. See Federal Energy Administration v. Algonquin SNG, Inc., 426 U. S. 548 (1976). Justice Thomas wrote a separate dissent emphasizing that IEEPA was consistent with the separation of powers as a matter of originalism. Id. at 679.

The case was remanded; returning to the Court of International Trade, the case was first reassigned to Judge Richard K. Eaton, and then stayed until further notice (this same order was entered in several hundred other IEEPA tariff contests).

Days after this case was dismissed, President Trump sought to use a different statute—Section 122 of the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. § 2132)—as grounds to enforce these tariffs. The same twelve states responded with a lawsuit seeking summary judgment and injunction. See The State of Oregon v. Trump (1:26-cv-01472).


2 1:25-cv-00077	Complaint The State of Oregon v. Trump	April 23, 2025	April 23, 2025 Complaint
65 1:25-cv-00077	Opinion V.O.S. Selections, Inc. v. United States	May 28, 2025	May 28, 2025 Order/Opinion 772 F.Supp.3d 1350
66 1:25-cv-00077	Judgment V.O.S Selections, INC. v. United States of America	May 28, 2025	May 28, 2025 Order/Opinion 772 F.Supp.3d 1350
7 25-01812	Order V.O.S. Selections v. Trump	May 29, 2025	May 29, 2025 Order/Opinion 2025 WL 1527040
7 25-01812	Order V.O.S. Selections v. Trump	May 29, 2025	May 29, 2025 Order/Opinion 2025 WL 1527040
51 25-01812	Order V.O.S. Selections, Inc. v. Trump	June 10, 2025	June 10, 2025 Order/Opinion 2025 WL 1649290
160 25-01812	Judgment V.O.S. Selections v. Trump U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit	Aug. 29, 2025	Aug. 29, 2025 Order/Opinion
168-1 25-01812	Letter Donald J. Trump, President of the United States, et al. v. V.O.S. Selections, Inc., et al. Supreme Court of the United States	Feb. 20, 2026	Feb. 20, 2026 Other 149 F.4th 1312
175 25-01812	Supreme Court Judgment V.O.S. Selections, Inc. v. Trump Supreme Court of the United States	March 24, 2026	March 24, 2026 Order/Opinion

Title	Description		External URL Date / External URL
EO 14266 - Modifying Reciprocal Tariff Rates To Reflect Trading Partner Retaliation and Alignment President Donald Trump	Pausing the elevated tariffs imposed in EO 14257 for must countries, not including China, for 90 days, but leaving the global 10% tariff in place for all countries; Raising tariffs of Chinese imports…	April 9, 2025	April 9, 2025 https://www.federalregister.gov/...
EO 14259 - Amendment to Reciprocal Tariffs and Updated Duties as Applied to Low-Value Imports From the People's Republic of China President Donald Trump	Raising tariffs on Chinese goods to 84%.	April 8, 2025	April 8, 2025 https://www.federalregister.gov/...
EO 14257 - Regulating Imports With a Reciprocal Tariff to Rectify Trade Practices That Contribute to Large and Persistent Annual United States Goods Trade Deficits President Donald Trump	Declaring national emergency with respect to a lack of reciprocity in bilateral trade relationships and disparate tariff rates and non-tariff barriers; Invoking the authority of the International Eme…	April 2, 2025	April 2, 2025 https://www.federalregister.gov/...
EO 14256 - Further Amendment to Duties Addressing the Synthetic Opioid Supply Chain in the People's Republic of China as Applied to Low-Value Imports President Donald Trump	Eliminating the duty-free de minimis treatment of certain imports from China.	April 2, 2025	April 2, 2025 https://www.federalregister.gov/...
EO 14231 - Amendment to Duties to Address the Flow of Illicit Drugs Across Our Northern Border President Donald Trump	Clarify that goods with tariff rates specified in the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States will not be subject to an additional 25% or 10% tariff rate as laid out in Executive Order 14193.	March 6, 2025	March 6, 2025 https://www.federalregister.gov/...
EO 14232 - Amendment to Duties To Address the Flow of Illicit Drugs Across Our Southern Border President Donald Trump	Amending the 25% tariffs against Mexico, which went into effect on March 4, 2025, to exempt goods covered by the US-Mexico-Canada Agreement from the tariffs, which accounted for approximately half of…	March 6, 2025	March 6, 2025 https://www.federalregister.gov/...
EO 14228 - Further Amendment to Duties Addressing the Synthetic Opioid Supply Chain in the People's Republic of China President Donald Trump	Declaring that China did not take steps to alleviate the illicit drug crisis, and, under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act, increasing the tariff rate on Chinese goods for consumption t…	March 3, 2025	March 3, 2025 https://www.federalregister.gov/...
EO 14197 - Progress on the Situation at Our Northern Border President Donald Trump	Pausing the imposition a 25% tariff on Canadian goods for consumption and a 10% tariff on Canadian energy and energy sources, under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act, until March 4, 202…	Feb. 3, 2025	Feb. 3, 2025 https://www.federalregister.gov/...
EO 14198 - Progress on the Situation at Our Southern Border President Donald Trump	Pausing the 25% tariff imposed on Mexico in EO 14194 until March 4, 2025	Feb. 3, 2025	Feb. 3, 2025 https://www.federalregister.gov/...
EO 14193 - Imposing Duties to Address the Flow of Illicit Drugs Across Our Northern Border President Donald Trump	Declaring a national emergency on the US-Canada border, and, under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act, imposing a 25% tariff on Canadian goods for consumption and a 10% tariff on Canadia…	Feb. 1, 2025	Feb. 1, 2025 https://www.federalregister.gov/...
EO 14195 - Imposing Duties To Address the Synthetic Opioid Supply Chain in the People's Republic of China President Donald Trump	Declaring a national emergency relating to China-based chemical companies that contributed to the opioid crisis in the United States, and, under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act, impos…	Feb. 1, 2025	Feb. 1, 2025 https://www.federalregister.gov/...
EO 14194 - Imposing Duties To Address the Situation at Our Southern Border President Donald Trump	Declaring a national emergency on the US-Mexico border, and, under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act and the National Emergencies Act, imposing a 25% tariff on Mexican goods for consump…	Feb. 1, 2025	Feb. 1, 2025 https://www.federalregister.gov/...

ECF Number	Date	Description	Link
1	April 23, 2025	Summons . Filed by Brian Simmonds Marshall of Oregon Department of Justice on behalf of The State of Oregon. (Marshall, Brian) (Entered: 04/23/2025)	RECAP
2	April 23, 2025	Complaint against All Defendants. Answer due by 6/23/2025. Filed by Brian Simmonds Marshall of Oregon Department of Justice on behalf of All Plaintiffs.(Marshall, Brian) (Entered: 04/23/2025)	Clearinghouse
3	April 23, 2025	Form 5 Information Statement . Filed by Brian Simmonds Marshall of Oregon Department of Justice on behalf of All Plaintiffs. (Marshall, Brian) (Entered: 04/23/2025)	RECAP
4	April 23, 2025	Form 13 Corporate Disclosure Statement . Filed by Brian Simmonds Marshall of Oregon Department of Justice on behalf of All Plaintiffs. (Marshall, Brian) (Entered: 04/23/2025)	RECAP
5	April 23, 2025	Form 11 Notice of Appearance . Filed by Sosun Bae of U.S. Department of Justice on behalf of All Defendants.(Bae, Sosun) (Entered: 04/23/2025)	RECAP
6	April 24, 2025	Order entered on 4/24/2025 assigning action to Judges Gary S. Katzmann, Timothy M. Reif and Jane A. Restani. (Swindell, Stephen) (Entered: 04/24/2025)	RECAP
7	April 25, 2025	Form 11 Notice of Appearance . Filed by YoungWoo Joh of Oregon Department of Justice on behalf of The State of Oregon.(Joh, YoungWoo) (Entered: 04/25/2025)	RECAP
8	April 25, 2025	Form 11 Notice of Appearance . Filed by Sarah H. Weiss of Colorado Department of Law on behalf of The State of Colorado.(Weiss, Sarah) (Entered: 04/25/2025)	RECAP
9	April 29, 2025	Form 11 Notice of Appearance . Filed by Rabia C. Muqaddam of New York Office of the Attorney General on behalf of The State of New York.(Muqaddam, Rabia) (Entered: 04/29/2025)	RECAP
10	April 29, 2025	Paperless Order entered on 4/29/2025: By close of business on May 8, 2025, Plaintiffs may file a brief of no more than 10,000 words setting forth Plaintiffs' position on the Motion for Summary Judgment currently pending in V.O.S. Selections, Inc. v. Trump, No. 25-00066 (USCIT filed Apr. 18, 2025, ECF No. 10). This deadline does not preclude Plaintiffs' filing of their own dispositive or non-dispositive motion at a later date. Plaintiffs' non-filing of a brief by May 8, 2025, will not be construed as a waiver or forfeiture of any claim or argument. Defendants are directed to file a response to the aforementioned brief, of no more than 7,000 words, no later than close of business on May 12, 2025. SO ORDERED by the panel. (Goell, Geoffrey) (Entered: 04/29/2025)	RECAP
11	April 30, 2025	Form 11 Notice of Appearance . Filed by Michael Kenneth Skold of State of Connecticut Office of the Attorney General on behalf of The State of Connecticut.(Skold, Michael) (Entered: 04/30/2025)	RECAP
12	May 1, 2025	Form 11 Notice of Appearance . Filed by Gretchen Elizabeth Helfrich of Office of the Illinois Attorney General on behalf of The State of Illinois.(Helfrich, Gretchen) (Entered: 05/01/2025)	RECAP
13	May 1, 2025	Form 11 Notice of Appearance . Filed by Vivian A. Mikhail of Office of the Maine Attorney General on behalf of The State of Maine.(Mikhail, Vivian) (Entered: 05/01/2025)	RECAP
14	May 7, 2025	Application/Motion for preliminary injunction . Responses due by 5/28/2025. Filed by Brian Simmonds Marshall of Oregon Department of Justice on behalf of All Plaintiffs. (Attachments: # 1 Appendix Index of Attachments, # 2 Declaration of James R. Hines Jr., # 3 Declaration of Brian Simmonds Marshall, # 4 Declaration of Hanna Emerson, # 5 Declaration of Elizabeth Hayes, # 6 Declaration of Robert Jaros, # 7 Declaration of Jenifer Johnson, # 8 Declaration of Jeanette Moy, # 9 Declaration of Amy Ramsdell, # 10 Declaration of Joshua Root, # 11 Declaration of Gregory Shabram, # 12 Declaration of Todd Strole, # 13 Declaration of Kristine Ward, # 14 Declaration of Jake Zelenka)(Marshall, Brian) (Entered: 05/07/2025) 1 Appendix Index of Attachments View on PACER 2 Declaration of James R. Hines Jr. View on PACER 3 Declaration of Brian Simmonds Marshall View on PACER 4 Declaration of Hanna Emerson View on PACER 5 Declaration of Elizabeth Hayes View on PACER 6 Declaration of Robert Jaros View on PACER 7 Declaration of Jenifer Johnson View on PACER 8 Declaration of Jeanette Moy View on PACER 9 Declaration of Amy Ramsdell View on PACER 10 Declaration of Joshua Root View on PACER 11 Declaration of Gregory Shabram View on PACER 12 Declaration of Todd Strole View on PACER 13 Declaration of Kristine Ward View on PACER 14 Declaration of Jake Zelenka View on PACER	RECAP
15	May 7, 2025	Brief on V.O.S, Selections' Motion for Summary Judgment (related document(s) 10 ). Filed by Brian Simmonds Marshall of Oregon Department of Justice on behalf of All Plaintiffs. (Marshall, Brian) (Entered: 05/07/2025)	RECAP
16	May 8, 2025	Form 11 Notice of Appearance . Filed by Ryan P. Kane of Vermont Attorney General's Office on behalf of The State of Vermont.(Kane, Ryan) (Entered: 05/08/2025)	RECAP
17	May 8, 2025	Form 11 Notice of Appearance . Filed by Amy Senier of New Mexico Department of Justice on behalf of The State of New Mexico.(Senier, Amy) (Entered: 05/08/2025)	RECAP
18	May 8, 2025	Order entered on 5/8/2025: The court will construe Plaintiffs Motion for Preliminary Injunction, May 7, 2025, ECF No. 14, as a Motion for Summary Judgment. See USCIT R. 56(f). Plaintiffs are therefore directed to file, no later than close of business on May 13, 2025, a supplemental brief of not more than 10,000 words that presents all arguments relevant to establishing Plaintiffs entitlement to judgment as a matter of law. Defendants will file a response of not more than 14,000 words to Plaintiffs Motion and supplemental brief no later than close of business on May 16, 2025. Plaintiffs will file a reply of not more than 7,000 words in further support of their Motion no later than 12:00 p.m. on May 20, 2025. A hearing will take place on May 21, 2025, at 2:00 p.m. EDT in Courtroom 1 in the James L. Watson Courthouse. (SO ORDERED by the panel).(Warner, Scott) (Entered: 05/08/2025)	RECAP
19	May 9, 2025	Form 11 Notice of Appearance . Filed by Mark H. Ladov of New York Office of the Attorney General on behalf of The State of New York.(Ladov, Mark) (Entered: 05/09/2025)	RECAP
20	May 12, 2025	Form 11 Notice of Appearance . Filed by Cara Ann Hendrickson of Office of the Illinois Attorney General on behalf of The State of Illinois.(Hendrickson, Cara) (Entered: 05/12/2025)	RECAP
21	May 12, 2025	Form 11 Notice of Appearance . Filed by William Fred Norton of The Norton Law Firm PC on behalf of 148 Members of the United States Congress.(Norton, William) (Entered: 05/12/2025)	RECAP
22	May 12, 2025	Form 11 Notice of Appearance . Filed by Nathan Loy Walker of The Norton Law Firm PC on behalf of 148 Members of the United States Congress.(Walker, Nathan) (Entered: 05/12/2025)	RECAP
23	May 12, 2025	Form 11 Notice of Appearance . Filed by Josephine Kendra Petrick of The Norton Law Firm PC on behalf of 148 Members of the United States Congress.(Petrick, Josephine) (Entered: 05/12/2025)	RECAP
24	May 12, 2025	Form 11 Notice of Appearance . Filed by Celine Georges Purcell of The Norton Law Firm PC on behalf of 148 Members of the United States Congress.(Purcell, Celine) (Entered: 05/12/2025)	RECAP
25	May 12, 2025	Form 11 Notice of Appearance . Filed by Emily Kirk of The Norton Law Firm PC on behalf of 148 Members of the United States Congress.(Kirk, Emily) (Entered: 05/12/2025)	RECAP
26	May 12, 2025	Form 11 Notice of Appearance . Filed by Rebecca Kutlow of The Norton Law Firm PC on behalf of 148 Members of the United States Congress.(Kutlow, Rebecca) (Entered: 05/12/2025)	RECAP
27	May 12, 2025	Brief Responding to Plaintiffs' Views on V.O.S. Summary Judgment (related document(s) 15 ). Filed by Sosun Bae of U.S. Department of Justice on behalf of All Defendants. (Bae, Sosun) (Entered: 05/12/2025)	RECAP
28	May 12, 2025	Motion for leave to FILE AMICUS CURIAE BREIF IN SUPPORT OF PLAINTIFFS. Responses due by 6/2/2025. Filed by William Fred Norton of The Norton Law Firm PC on behalf of 148 Members of the United States Congress. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Ex. A, # 2 Exhibit Ex. B)(Norton, William) (Entered: 05/12/2025) 1 Exhibit A View on RECAP 2 Exhibit B View on RECAP	RECAP
29	May 12, 2025	Form 13 Corporate Disclosure Statement . Filed by William Fred Norton of The Norton Law Firm PC on behalf of 148 Members of the United States Congress. (Norton, William) (Entered: 05/12/2025)	RECAP
30	May 13, 2025	Notice of Form 11 Notice of Appearance Appearance. Filed by Peter J. Farrell of Office of the Minnesota Attorney General on behalf of The State of Minnesota.(Farrell, Peter) (Entered: 05/13/2025)	RECAP
31	May 13, 2025	Form 11 Notice of Appearance for Eric Hamilton. Filed by Sosun Bae of U.S. Department of Justice on behalf of All Defendants.(Bae, Sosun) (Entered: 05/13/2025)	RECAP
32	May 13, 2025	Supplemental Response to Motion for Summary Judgment (related document(s) 14 ). Filed by Brian Simmonds Marshall of Oregon Department of Justice on behalf of All Plaintiffs. (Attachments: # 1 Appendix Plaintiffs' Statement of Undisputed Material Facts, # 2 Declaration Second Declaration of Brian Simmonds Marshall)(Marshall, Brian) (Entered: 05/13/2025) 1 Appendix Plaintiffs' Statement of Undisputed Material Facts View on RECAP 2 Declaration Second Declaration of Brian Simmonds Marshall View on RECAP	RECAP
33	May 13, 2025	Motion to appear as amicus curiae . Responses due by 6/3/2025. Filed by The State of California, Gavin Newsom The State of California, Gavin Newsom. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Amici Curiae Brief, # 2 Proposed Order)(Choe, Shiwon) (Entered: 05/13/2025) 1 Proposed Amici Curiae Brief View on RECAP 2 Proposed Order View on PACER	RECAP
34	May 13, 2025	Form 11 Notice of Appearance . Filed by Gavin Newsom, The State of California of California Attorney General's Office Gavin Newsom, The State of California.(Choe, Shiwon) (Entered: 05/13/2025)	RECAP
35	May 13, 2025	Form 13 Corporate Disclosure Statement . Filed by Gavin Newsom, The State of California Gavin Newsom, The State of California. (Choe, Shiwon) (Entered: 05/13/2025)	RECAP
36	May 15, 2025	Information concerning public access to the audio livestream for the hearing scheduled for May 21st, 2025 at 2:00 p.m. EDT is available on the Court's website at: https://www.cit.uscourts.gov/upcoming-court-proceedings-accessible-teleconference-or-audio-livestream. (Warner, Scott) (Entered: 05/15/2025)	RECAP
37	May 15, 2025	Paperless Order entered on 5/15/2025: Upon consideration of the motion by the State of California and Governor Gavin Newsom for Leave to File an Amici Curiae Brief, May 13, 2025, ECF No. 33, it is hereby ORDERED by the panel that the motion is granted; and it is further ORDERED that the proposed brief is accepted for filing. SO ORDERED by the panel (Related Doc # 33 ). (Goell, Geoffrey) (Entered: 05/15/2025)	RECAP
38	May 15, 2025	Amici Curiae Brief of the State of California and Governor Gavin Newsom deemed filed (related document(s) 33 ). Filed by Shiwon Choe of the California Attorney General's Office on behalf of The State of California and Governor Gavin Newsom. (Goell, Geoffrey) (Entered: 05/15/2025)	RECAP
39	May 16, 2025	Paperless Order entered on 5/16/2025: Upon consideration of the motion by 148 Members of the United States Congress for Leave to File an Amici Curiae Brief, May 12, 2025, ECF No. 28, it is hereby ORDERED by the panel that the motion is granted; and it is further ORDERED that the proposed brief is accepted for filing. SO ORDERED by the panel (Related Doc # 28 ). (Goell, Geoffrey) (Entered: 05/16/2025)	RECAP
40	May 16, 2025	Amici Curiae Brief of 148 Members of Congress deemed filed (related document(s) 28 ). Filed by William Fred Norton of The Norton Law Firm PC on behalf of 148 Members of the United States Congress. (Goell, Geoffrey) (Entered: 05/16/2025)	RECAP

Case: State of Oregon v. Trump

1:25-cv-00077 | U.S. Court of International Trade

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