Case: United States v. State of Oregon

Complaint. (fee exempt status selected) Jury Trial Requested: No. Filed by United States of America against All Defendants (Attachments: # 1 Civil Cover Sheet, # 2 Attachment). (Vandenberg, David) (Entered: 09/16/2025)

1 Civil Cover Sheet

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2 Attachment

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Notice of Case Assignment to Judge Mustafa T. Kasubhai and Discovery and Pretrial Scheduling Order. NOTICE: Counsel shall print and serve the summonses and all documents issued by the Clerk at the time of filing upon all named parties in accordance with Local Rule 3-5. Discovery is to be completed by 1/14/2026. Joint Alternate Dispute Resolution Report is due by 2/13/2026. Pretrial Order is due by 2/13/2026. Ordered by Judge Mustafa T. Kasubhai. (jw) (Entered: 09/16/2025)

Case Management Order signed on 09/17/2025 by Judge Mustafa T. Kasubhai. (bd) (Entered: 09/17/2025)

Amended Civil Cover Sheet regarding Complaint 1 . Filed by United States of America. (Vandenberg, David) (Entered: 09/18/2025)

Proposed Summons for Secretary of State Read Filed by United States of America. (Vandenberg, David) (Entered: 09/19/2025)

Proposed Summons for the State of Oregon Filed by United States of America. (Vandenberg, David) (Entered: 09/19/2025)

Amended Proposed Summons (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Summons) Filed by United States of America. (Vandenberg, David) (Entered: 09/19/2025)

Second Amended Proposed Summons (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Summons) Filed by United States of America. (Vandenberg, David) (Entered: 09/22/2025)

Summons Issued Electronically as to State of Oregon, Tobias Read. NOTICE: Counsel shall print and serve the summonses and all documents issued by the Clerk at the time of filing upon all named parties in accordance with Local Rule 3-5. (Attachments: # 1 Summons Tobias Read) (jw) (Entered: 09/22/2025)

Notice of Appearance of Thomas H. Castelli appearing on behalf of State of Oregon, Tobias Read. Filed by on behalf of State of Oregon, Tobias Read. (Castelli, Thomas) (Entered: 09/25/2025)

Notice of Appearance of Kate Elizabeth Morrow appearing on behalf of State of Oregon, Tobias Read. Filed by on behalf of State of Oregon, Tobias Read. (Morrow, Kate) (Entered: 09/25/2025)

Motion to Intervene . Harry B. Wilson,Dallas S. DeLuca for Our Oregon,Harry B. Wilson,Dallas S. DeLuca for Dan DiIulio,Harry B. Wilson,Dallas S. DeLuca for Emma Craddock,Harry B. Wilson,Dallas S. DeLuca for Stephen Gomez,Harry B. Wilson,Harry B. Wilson,Dallas S. DeLuca,Harry B. Wilson,Dallas S. DeLuca,Harry B. Wilson,Dallas S. DeLuca,Harry B. Wilson,Dallas S. DeLuca. Filed by Our Oregon, Dan DiIulio, Emma Craddock, Stephen Gomez. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A, # 2 Exhibit B, # 3 Exhibit C, # 4 Exhibit D, # 5 Exhibit E, # 6 Exhibit F) (Wilson, Harry) (Attachment 6 replaced on 9/29/2025) (cw). (Entered: 09/26/2025)

1 Exhibit A

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2 Exhibit B

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3 Exhibit C

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4 Exhibit D

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5 Exhibit E

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6 Exhibit F

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Certificate of Service by United States of America of Complaint 1 for Tobias Read (1) Filed by United States of America. (Vandenberg, David) (Entered: 09/29/2025)

Certificate of Service by United States of America of Complaint 1 for Tobias Read (2) Filed by United States of America. (Vandenberg, David) (Entered: 09/29/2025)

Certificate of Service by United States of America of Complaint 1 on the State of Oregon Filed by United States of America. (Vandenberg, David) (Entered: 09/29/2025)

Notice of Directly Related Case Filed by United States of America. (Vandenberg, David) (Entered: 09/29/2025)

Notice of Correction by Clerk regarding 12 Motion to intervene. A Clerical error has been discovered in the case record: An incorrect PDF was attached to the entry (exhibit F). The following corrections were made to the record: A corrected PDF has been uploaded to replace the incorrect one. The Notice of Electronic Filing (NEF) will be regenerated to all parties. (cw) (Entered: 09/29/2025)

Correction of the Record

Motion for Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice. Pro Hac Vice admission requested by attorney Abha Khanna. Filing fee in the amount of $300 collected; Agency Tracking ID: AORDC-10006976. Filed by Emma Craddock, Dan DiIulio, Stephen Gomez, Our Oregon. (Khanna, Abha) (Entered: 09/30/2025)

Motion for Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice. Pro Hac Vice admission requested by attorney Christopher D. Dodge. Filing fee in the amount of $300 collected; Agency Tracking ID: AORDC-10006979. Filed by Emma Craddock, Dan DiIulio, Stephen Gomez, Our Oregon. (Dodge, Christopher) (Entered: 09/30/2025)

Motion for Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice. Pro Hac Vice admission requested by attorney Walker Roy McKusick. Filing fee in the amount of $300 collected; Agency Tracking ID: AORDC-10006981. Filed by Emma Craddock, Dan DiIulio, Stephen Gomez, Our Oregon. (McKusick, Walker) (Entered: 09/30/2025)

Motion for Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice. Pro Hac Vice admission requested by attorney Branden D Lewiston. Filing fee in the amount of $300 collected; Agency Tracking ID: AORDC-10006983. Filed by Emma Craddock, Dan DiIulio, Stephen Gomez, Our Oregon. (Lewiston, Branden) (Entered: 09/30/2025)

Clerks Review of Pro Hac Vice Motion

Clerk's Review of Pro Hac Vice Motion

Clerk's Review of Motion for Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice. Pro Hac Vice admission requested by attorney Abha Khanna. Filing fee in the amount of $300 collected; Agency Tracking ID: AORDC-10006976 18 : Reviewed and Ready for Ruling. (jw)

Clerk's Review of Motion for Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice. Pro Hac Vice admission requested by attorney Christopher D. Dodge. Filing fee in the amount of $300 collected; Agency Tracking ID: AORDC-10006979 19 : Reviewed and Ready for Ruling. (jw)

Clerk's Review of Motion for Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice. Pro Hac Vice admission requested by attorney Walker Roy McKusick. Filing fee in the amount of $300 collected; Agency Tracking ID: AORDC-10006981 20 : Reviewed and Ready for Ruling. (jw)

Clerk's Review of Motion for Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice. Pro Hac Vice admission requested by attorney Branden D Lewiston. Filing fee in the amount of $300 collected; Agency Tracking ID: AORDC-10006983 21 : Reviewed and Ready for Ruling. (jw)

Motion for Stay for Lack of Appropriations. Filed by United States of America. (Vandenberg, David) (Entered: 10/01/2025)

ORDER by Judge Mustafa T. Kasubhai: GRANTING Motion for Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice 18 requested by attorney Abha Khanna; GRANTING Motion for Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice 19 requested by attorney Christopher D. Dodge; GRANTING Motion for Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice 20 requested by attorney Walker Roy McKusick; GRANTING Motion for Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice 21 requested by attorney Branden D Lewiston. (bd) (Entered: 10/01/2025)

Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice AND Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice AND Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice AND Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice

ORDER by Judge Mustafa T. Kasubhai: Defendant's Unopposed Motion for Stay (ECF No. 22 ) is GRANTED as follows: This matter is stayed until (1) funding is restored to the Department of Justice or (2) 30 days from the date of this order, whichever comes sooner. Within 3 days of the end of the stay, the parties are ordered to submit joint proposed case management deadlines. (bd) (Entered: 10/02/2025)

Order on Motion for Stay

Second Motion for Stay Due to Lapse of Appropriations. Filed by United States of America. (Vandenberg, David) (Entered: 10/24/2025)

ORDER by Judge Mustafa T. Kasubhai: Before the Court is Plaintiff's Unopposed Second Motion for Stay (ECF No. 25 ). The Court declines to exercise its discretion to extend the stay, and Plaintiff's motion is DENIED. Per the Court's prior order (ECF No. 24 ), the stay in this case lifts on November 3, 2025, and the parties are ordered to submit joint proposed case management deadlines by November 6, 2025. (bd) (Entered: 10/28/2025)

Order on Motion for Stay

ORDER by Judge Mustafa T. Kasubhai: The Court understands that Plaintiff's counsel needs additional clarity regarding the Court's orders. Accordingly, this case is set for a telephonic status conference on November 3, 2025, at 10:30AM. The parties are ordered to call into the Court's conference line at least 5 minutes prior to the scheduled hearing. Call-in information will be sent by separate order. Please use a land line connection without external noise. The Court prohibits speaker phones due to the greatly diminished sound quality. (bd) (Entered: 10/31/2025)

Proposed Joint Case Management Schedule . Filed by United States of America. (Vandenberg, David) (Entered: 10/31/2025)

1 - Scheduling

MINUTES of Proceedings: Telephonic Status Conference held before Judge Mustafa T. Kasubhai. Defendants' Motion to Dismiss is due November 17, 2025. Plaintiff's Response to the Motion to Intervene is due November 17, 2025. Plaintiff's Response to Defendants' Motion to Dismiss is due December 8, 2025. Defendants' Reply in support of their Motion to Dismiss is due December 22, 2025. The case deadlines set forth in ECF No. 2 are VACATED and will be reset once pleadings are settled. In response to Plaintiff's "Notice of Directly Related Case" (ECF No. 16 ), the Court declines to assign the two cases to a single judge. Timothy Mellett present as counsel for plaintiff. Thomas Castelli, Kate Morrow present as counsel for defendants. Harry Wilson, Abha Khanna, Branden Lewiston and Walker McKusick present as counsel for intervenors. (FTR - Eugene Courtroom 1.) (bd) (Entered: 11/03/2025)

9CONV - Schedules - Set/Reset/Terminate AND Status Conference

Motion to Dismiss . Filed by State of Oregon, Tobias Read. (Castelli, Thomas) (Entered: 11/17/2025)

Response in Opposition to Motion to Intervene 12 . Filed by United States of America. (Attachments: # 1 NC Consent Decree) (Vandenberg, David) (Entered: 11/17/2025)

1 NC Consent Decree

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Proposed Motion to Dismiss for Failure to State a Claim and Memorandum in Support. Filed by Dan DiIulio, Our Oregon, Stephen Gomez, Emma Craddock. (Khanna, Abha) (Entered: 11/17/2025)

Declaration of Thomas H. Castelli In Support of State Defendants' Motion To Dismiss. Filed by Tobias Read, State of Oregon. (Related document(s): Motion to Dismiss 32 .) (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Castelli Decl, Exhibit 1, # 2 Exhibit Castelli Decl, Exhibit 2, # 3 Exhibit Castelli Decl, Exhibit 3, # 4 Exhibit Castelli Decl, Exhibit 4, # 5 Exhibit Castelli Decl, Exhibit 5, # 6 Exhibit Castelli Decl, Exhibit 6, # 7 Exhibit Castelli Decl, Exhibit 7, # 8 Exhibit Castelli Decl, Exhibit 8, # 9 Exhibit Castelli Decl, Exhibit 9, # 10 Exhibit Castelli Decl, Exhibit 10) (Castelli, Thomas) (Entered: 11/17/2025)

1 Exhibit Castelli Decl, Exhibit 1

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2 Exhibit Castelli Decl, Exhibit 2

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3 Exhibit Castelli Decl, Exhibit 3

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4 Exhibit Castelli Decl, Exhibit 4

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5 Exhibit Castelli Decl, Exhibit 5

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6 Exhibit Castelli Decl, Exhibit 6

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7 Exhibit Castelli Decl, Exhibit 7

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8 Exhibit Castelli Decl, Exhibit 8

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9 Exhibit Castelli Decl, Exhibit 9

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10 Exhibit Castelli Decl, Exhibit 10

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Motion for Leave to File Amicus Brief. Filed by Democratic National Committee. (Isaak, Misha) (Entered: 11/18/2025)

Memorandum of Amicus Curiae entered by Misha Isaak on behalf of Democratic National Committee . Filed by Democratic National Committee. (Isaak, Misha) Modified docket text on 11/19/2025 to reflect title of document. Notice of Electronic Filing regenerated. (jw) (Entered: 11/18/2025)

Motion for Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice. Pro Hac Vice admission requested by attorney Daniel J. Freeman. Filing fee in the amount of $300 collected; Agency Tracking ID: AORDC-10070807. Filed by Democratic National Committee. (Freeman, Daniel) (Entered: 11/20/2025)

Clerks Review of Pro Hac Vice Motion

Clerk's Review of Pro Hac Vice Motion

Clerk's Review of Motion for Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice. Pro Hac Vice admission requested by attorney Daniel J. Freeman. Filing fee in the amount of $300 collected; Agency Tracking ID: AORDC-10070807 36 : Reviewed and Ready for Ruling. (jw)

ORDER by Judge Mustafa T. Kasubhai GRANTING Motion for Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice 36 requested by attorney Daniel J. Freeman. (bd) (Entered: 11/21/2025)

ORDER by Judge Mustafa T. Kasubhai GRANTING Motion for Leave to File Amicus Brief 34 . (bd) (Entered: 11/21/2025)

Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice

Order on Motion for Leave

Motion for Leave to File Amici Curiae Brief. Filed by American Civil Liberties Union of Oregon, League of Women Voters of Oregon. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Document Proposed Amici Curiae Brief) (Andriola, Eri) (Entered: 11/24/2025)

1 Proposed Document Proposed Amici Curiae Brief

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Motion for Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice. Pro Hac Vice admission requested by attorney Patrick Berry. Filing fee in the amount of $300 collected; Agency Tracking ID: AORDC-10075424. Filed by League of Women Voters of Oregon. (Berry, Patrick) (Entered: 11/24/2025)

Clerk's Review of Motion for Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice. Pro Hac Vice admission requested by attorney Patrick Berry. Filing fee in the amount of $300 collected; Agency Tracking ID: AORDC-10075424 40 : Reviewed and Ready for Ruling. (jw)

Clerk's Review of Pro Hac Vice Motion

ORDER by Judge Mustafa T. Kasubhai GRANTING Motion for Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice 40 requested by attorney Patrick Berry. (bd) (Entered: 11/26/2025)

Motion for Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice. Pro Hac Vice admission requested by attorney Kate Hamilton. Filing fee in the amount of $300 collected; Agency Tracking ID: AORDC-10078146. Filed by League of Women Voters of Oregon. (Hamilton, Kate) (Entered: 11/26/2025)

NOTICE OF DEFICIENT PRO HAC VICE APPLICATION of Attorney Katherine Ramsey Hamilton. A Corrected Motion for Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice must be filed that addresses the following deficiencies:For instructions visit ord.uscourts.gov/prohac. (hm) (Entered: 11/26/2025)

Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice

Notice of Deficient Pro Hac Vice Application

Unopposed Motion to Appear as Amicus Curiae . Filed by Phil Keisling, Mary Estill Buchanan, Miles Rapoport, Joan Anderson Growe, John Gale, Kathy Boockvar, Sam Reed. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A) (French, Pilar) (Entered: 12/01/2025)

1 Exhibit A

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Reply to Response in Opposition to Motion to Intervene 12 . Filed by Emma Craddock, Dan DiIulio, Stephen Gomez, Our Oregon. (Khanna, Abha) (Entered: 12/01/2025)

Notice of Appearance of Pilar C. French appearing on behalf of Joan Anderson Growe, Kathy Boockvar, Mary Estill Buchanan, John Gale, Sam Reed, Phil Keisling, Miles Rapoport. Filed by on behalf of Joan Anderson Growe, Kathy Boockvar, Mary Estill Buchanan, John Gale, Sam Reed, Phil Keisling, Miles Rapoport. (French, Pilar) (Entered: 12/01/2025)

Notice of Appearance of Chloe Nakaya appearing on behalf of Joan Anderson Growe, Kathy Boockvar, Mary Estill Buchanan, John Gale, Sam Reed, Phil Keisling, Miles Rapoport. Filed by on behalf of Joan Anderson Growe, Kathy Boockvar, Mary Estill Buchanan, John Gale, Sam Reed, Phil Keisling, Miles Rapoport. (Nakaya, Chloe) (Entered: 12/01/2025)

ORDER by Judge Mustafa T. Kasubhai GRANTING Motion for Leave to File Amici Curiae Brief 39 . (bd) (Entered: 12/01/2025)

Order on Motion for Leave

Corrected Motion for Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice. Pro Hac Vice admission requested by attorney Kate Hamilton. Related Document: 43 Notice of Deficient Pro Hac Vice Application,. Filed by League of Women Voters of Oregon. (Hamilton, Kate) (Entered: 12/02/2025)

Clerks Review of Pro Hac Vice Motion

Clerk's Review of Corrected Motion for Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice. Pro Hac Vice admission requested by attorney Kate Hamilton. Related Document: 43 Notice of Deficient Pro Hac Vice Application 49 : Reviewed and Ready for Ruling. (jw)

Clerk's Review of Pro Hac Vice Motion

ORDER by Judge Mustafa T. Kasubhai GRANTING Corrected Motion for Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice 49 requested by attorney Kate Hamilton. (bd) (Entered: 12/03/2025)

Motion for Leave to Appear by Special Admission, Motion for Leave . Filed by Maryland. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Exhibit A- Certificate of Good Standing, # 2 Proposed Order Proposed Order) (Kobrin, Daniel) (Entered: 12/03/2025)

Corrected Motion for Leave to Appear Pro Hac Vice

OPINION AND ORDER signed on 12/5/2025 by Judge Mustafa T. Kasubhai: Our Oregon, Dan DiIulio, Stephen Gomez, and Emma Craddock's Motion to Intervene (ECF No. 12 ) is GRANTED. (bd)

ORDER by Judge Mustafa T. Kasubhai GRANTING Unopposed Motion to Appear as Amicus Curiae 44 . (bd) (Entered: 12/05/2025)

SCHEDULING ORDER by Judge Mustafa T. Kasubhai regarding Proposed Motion to Dismiss for Failure to State a Claim and Memorandum in Support 31, Motion to Dismiss 32 . Oral Argument is set for 1/14/2026 at 09:30AM in Eugene Courtroom 1 before Judge Mustafa T. Kasubhai. Each party is ordered to submit to chambers bench copies of all exhibits offered in support of their motion or opposition as soon as practicable after briefing on the motion is complete, but at latest 7 days before the date of oral argument. (bd) (Entered: 12/05/2025)

Unopposed Motion to Appear as Amicus Curiae . Filed by Maryland. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Multistate Amicus Brief, # 2 Proposed Order) (Kobrin, Daniel) (Entered: 12/05/2025)

1 Exhibit Multistate Amicus Brief

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2 Proposed Order

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Amicus Brief . Filed by Kathy Boockvar, Mary Estill Buchanan, John Gale, Joan Anderson Growe, Phil Keisling, Miles Rapoport, Sam Reed. (Related document(s): Motion to Dismiss 32 .) (French, Pilar) (Entered: 12/05/2025)

1 - Scheduling

Order on Motion to Appear as Amicus Curiae

Response in Opposition to Motion to Dismiss 32 . Filed by United States of America. (Vandenberg, David) (Entered: 12/08/2025)

ORDER by Judge Mustafa T. Kasubhai GRANTING Unopposed Motion to Appear as Amicus Curiae 55 . (bd) (Entered: 12/08/2025)

Order on Motion to Appear as Amicus Curiae

ORDER by Judge Mustafa T. Kasubhai: Before the Court is the State of Maryland's Motion for Special Admission by Governmental Attorney Daniel Kobrin. ECF No. 51 . Admission of government attorneys to practice in the District of Oregon is governed by LR 83-4. Government attorneys need not file a formal motion, but instead follow the instructions for application are provided at https://ord.uscourts.gov/index.php/attorneys/attorney-admissions#instructions-for-special-admission-as-a-government-attorney. However, according to Court records, Attorney Kobrin was already admitted as a government attorney in this district as of December 3, 2025. Accordingly, the State of Maryland's Motion for Special Admission by Governmental Attorney (ECF No. 51 ) is DENIED AS MOOT. (bd) (Entered: 12/10/2025)

Order on Motion for Leave AND Order on Motion for Leave to Appear

Reply in Response to Opposition to Proposed Motion to Dismiss for Failure to State a Claim and Memorandum in Support 31 . Filed by Emma Craddock, Dan DiIulio, Stephen Gomez, Our Oregon. (Khanna, Abha) (Entered: 12/22/2025)

Reply to Motion to Dismiss 32 . Filed by Tobias Read, State of Oregon. (Castelli, Thomas) (Entered: 12/22/2025)

Notice of Appearance of James Thomas Tucker appearing on behalf of United States of America. Filed by on behalf of United States of America. (Tucker, James) (Entered: 01/07/2026)

MINUTES of Proceedings: Motion Hearing Held regarding Proposed Motion to Dismiss for Failure to State a Claim and Memorandum in Support 31 and Motion to Dismiss 32 . Motions are taken under advisement. James Tucker; David Vandenberg present as counsel for Plaintiff. Thomas Castelli; Kate Morrow present as counsel for Defendants. Branden Lewiston; Abha Khanna; Walker McKusick; Harry Wilson present as counsel for Intervenor Defendants. Judge Mustafa T. Kasubhai presiding. Court Reporter: Dennis Apodaca. (jk) (Entered: 01/15/2026)

Notice of Appearance of Christopher J. Gardner appearing on behalf of United States of America. Filed by on behalf of United States of America. (Gardner, Christopher) (Entered: 01/15/2026)

Motion Hearing Held

Notice of Supplemental Authority re Motion to Dismiss for Failure to State a Claim 31 Filed by Emma Craddock, Dan DiIulio, Stephen Gomez, Our Oregon. (Related document(s): Motion to Dismiss for Failure to State a Claim 31 .) (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit 1 - Order, U.S. v. Weber) (Khanna, Abha) (Entered: 01/16/2026)

1 Exhibit 1 - Order, U.S. v. Weber

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ORDER by Judge Mustafa T. Kasubhai: The Court is aware of correspondence from Attorney General Pamela Bondi addressed to Minnesota Governor Tim Walz, dated January 24, 2026. The letter explains, inter alia, the purported reason for ICE enforcement activities in Minnesota. The letter further urges Governor Walz to cooperate with the Department of Justice on three points, one of which is to "allow the Civil Rights Division of the Department of Justice to access voter rolls to confirm that Minnesota's voter registration practices comply with federal law as authorized by the Civil Rights Act of 1960." The letter explains that "[f]ulfilling this common sense request will better guarantee free and fair elections and boost confidence in the rule of law." The Court orders counsel to appear by videoconference at 3:00pm PST on January 26, 2026, to provide supplemental argument on the relevance of this letter in interpreting "basis and purpose" in the context of Plaintiff's claim under Title III of The Civil Rights Act of 1960 in this case. (bd) (Entered: 01/26/2026)

Notice of Supplemental Authority Filed by United States of America. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit 1 - USA v. GA Complaint, # 2 Exhibit 2 - USA v. GA Consent Decree, # 3 Exhibit 3 - USA v. TX Memorandum of Understanding) (Tucker, James) (Entered: 01/26/2026)

1 Exhibit 1 - USA v. GA Complaint

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2 Exhibit 2 - USA v. GA Consent Decree

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3 Exhibit 3 - USA v. TX Memorandum of Understanding

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MINUTES of Proceedings: Motion Hearing Held by videoconference before Judge Mustafa T. Kasubhai. For the reasons articulated on the record at oral argument and supplemental oral argument, Defendants' Motion to Dismiss (ECF No. 32 ) and Defendant-Intervenors' Motion to Dismiss (ECF No. 31 ) are GRANTED. A formal opinion providing further detail on the Court's reasoning will follow. James Tucker present as counsel for plaintiff. Thomas Castelli present as counsel for defendants. Harry Wilson, Abha Khanna, Branden Lewiston and Christopher Dodge present as counsel for Intervenor Defendants. Daniel Freeman present as counsel for Amici Curiae. (Court Reporter: Ryan White.) (bd) (Entered: 01/26/2026)

1 - Scheduling