Case: Ramirez Ovando v. Noem

COMPLAINT for Declaratory and Injunctive Relief against Robert Guadian, Todd M. Lyons, Kristi Noem (Filing fee $ 405,Receipt Number ACODC-10601821)Attorney Kenzo Sunao Kawanabe added to party Refugio Ramirez Ovando(pty:pla), Attorney Kenzo Sunao Kawanabe added to party Caroline Dias Goncalves(pty:pla), Attorney Kenzo Sunao Kawanabe added to party J. S.T.(pty:pla), Attorney Kenzo Sunao Kawanabe added to party G. R.R.(pty:pla), filed by G. R.R., Refugio Ramirez Ovando, J. S.T., Caroline Dias Goncalves. (Attachments: # 1 Civil Cover Sheet Civil Case Cover Sheet and Attachment, # 2 Summons Summons - Guadian, # 3 Summons Summons - Lyons, # 4 Summons Summons - Noem)(Kawanabe, Kenzo) (Entered: 10/09/2025)

1 Civil Cover Sheet Civil Case Cover Sheet and Attachment

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2 Summons Summons - Guadian

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3 Summons Summons - Lyons

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4 Summons Summons - Noem

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NOTICE of Entry of Appearance by Bianca Elan Miyata on behalf of Refugio Ramirez Ovando, Caroline Dias Goncalves, J. S.T., G. R.R.Attorney Bianca Elan Miyata added to party Refugio Ramirez Ovando(pty:pla), Attorney Bianca Elan Miyata added to party Caroline Dias Goncalves(pty:pla), Attorney Bianca Elan Miyata added to party J. S.T.(pty:pla), Attorney Bianca Elan Miyata added to party G. R.R.(pty:pla) (Miyata, Bianca) (Entered: 10/09/2025)

NOTICE of Entry of Appearance by Sean C. Grimsley on behalf of Refugio Ramirez Ovando, Caroline Dias Goncalves, J. S.T., G. R.R.Attorney Sean C. Grimsley added to party Refugio Ramirez Ovando(pty:pla), Attorney Sean C. Grimsley added to party Caroline Dias Goncalves(pty:pla), Attorney Sean C. Grimsley added to party J. S.T.(pty:pla), Attorney Sean C. Grimsley added to party G. R.R.(pty:pla) (Grimsley, Sean) (Entered: 10/09/2025)

Case assigned to Judge Robert E. Blackburn. Text Only Entry. (echa, ) (Entered: 10/09/2025)

SUMMONS issued by Clerk. (Attachments: # 1 Summons, # 2 Summons, # 3 Magistrate Judge Consent Form) (echa, ) (Entered: 10/09/2025)

NOTICE of Entry of Appearance by Timothy R. Macdonald on behalf of All Plaintiffs Attorney Timothy R. Macdonald added to party Refugio Ramirez Ovando(pty:pla), Attorney Timothy R. Macdonald added to party Caroline Dias Goncalves(pty:pla), Attorney Timothy R. Macdonald added to party J. S.T.(pty:pla), Attorney Timothy R. Macdonald added to party G. R.R.(pty:pla) (Macdonald, Timothy) (Entered: 10/09/2025)

NOTICE of Entry of Appearance by Scott Charles Medlock on behalf of All Plaintiffs Attorney Scott Charles Medlock added to party Refugio Ramirez Ovando(pty:pla), Attorney Scott Charles Medlock added to party Caroline Dias Goncalves(pty:pla), Attorney Scott Charles Medlock added to party J. S.T.(pty:pla), Attorney Scott Charles Medlock added to party G. R.R.(pty:pla) (Medlock, Scott) (Entered: 10/09/2025)

NOTICE of Entry of Appearance by Sara R. Neel on behalf of All Plaintiffs Attorney Sara R. Neel added to party Refugio Ramirez Ovando(pty:pla), Attorney Sara R. Neel added to party Caroline Dias Goncalves(pty:pla), Attorney Sara R. Neel added to party J. S.T.(pty:pla), Attorney Sara R. Neel added to party G. R.R.(pty:pla) (Neel, Sara) (Entered: 10/09/2025)

NOTICE of Entry of Appearance by Anna I. Kurtz on behalf of All Plaintiffs Attorney Anna I. Kurtz added to party Refugio Ramirez Ovando(pty:pla), Attorney Anna I. Kurtz added to party Caroline Dias Goncalves(pty:pla), Attorney Anna I. Kurtz added to party J. S.T.(pty:pla), Attorney Anna I. Kurtz added to party G. R.R.(pty:pla) (Kurtz, Anna) (Entered: 10/09/2025)

NOTICE of Entry of Appearance by Emma K. Mclean-Riggs on behalf of All Plaintiffs Attorney Emma K. Mclean-Riggs added to party Refugio Ramirez Ovando(pty:pla), Attorney Emma K. Mclean-Riggs added to party Caroline Dias Goncalves(pty:pla), Attorney Emma K. Mclean-Riggs added to party J. S.T.(pty:pla), Attorney Emma K. Mclean-Riggs added to party G. R.R.(pty:pla) (Mclean-Riggs, Emma) (Entered: 10/09/2025)

MOTION for Leave to Proceed Under Pseudonym by Plaintiffs Refugio Ramirez Ovando, Caroline Dias Goncalves, J. S.T., G. R.R.. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order (PDF Only) Proposed Order, # 2 Exhibit A, # 3 Exhibit B, # 4 Exhibit C, # 5 Exhibit D)(Kawanabe, Kenzo) (Entered: 10/09/2025)

MOTION for Leave to File Excess Pages for Motion for Preliminary Injunction by Plaintiffs Refugio Ramirez Ovando, Caroline Dias Goncalves, J. S.T., G. R.R.. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order (PDF Only) Proposed Order)(Kawanabe, Kenzo) (Entered: 10/09/2025)

MOTION for Preliminary Injunction by Plaintiffs Refugio Ramirez Ovando, Caroline Dias Goncalves, J. S.T., G. R.R.. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order (PDF Only) Proposed Order, # 2 Exhibit A, # 3 Exhibit B, # 4 Exhibit C, # 5 Exhibit D, # 6 Exhibit E, # 7 Exhibit F, # 8 Exhibit G, # 9 Exhibit H, # 10 Exhibit I, # 11 Exhibit J, # 12 Exhibit K, # 13 Exhibit L, # 14 Exhibit M, # 15 Exhibit N, # 16 Exhibit O)(Kawanabe, Kenzo) (Entered: 10/09/2025)

1 Proposed Order (PDF Only) Proposed Order

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2 Exhibit A

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3 Exhibit B

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4 Exhibit C

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5 Exhibit D

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6 Exhibit E

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7 Exhibit F

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8 Exhibit G

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9 Exhibit H

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10 Exhibit I

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11 Exhibit J

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12 Exhibit K

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13 Exhibit L

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14 Exhibit M

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15 Exhibit N

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16 Exhibit O

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MOTION to Certify Class by Plaintiffs Refugio Ramirez Ovando, Caroline Dias Goncalves, J. S.T., G. R.R.. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order (PDF Only) Proposed Order, # 2 Exhibit A, # 3 Exhibit B, # 4 Exhibit C, # 5 Exhibit D, # 6 Exhibit E, # 7 Exhibit F, # 8 Exhibit G, # 9 Exhibit H, # 10 Exhibit I, # 11 Exhibit J, # 12 Exhibit K, # 13 Exhibit L, # 14 Exhibit M, # 15 Exhibit N, # 16 Exhibit O)(Kawanabe, Kenzo) (Entered: 10/09/2025)

1 Proposed Order (PDF Only) Proposed Order

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2 Exhibit A

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3 Exhibit B

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4 Exhibit C

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5 Exhibit D

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6 Exhibit E

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7 Exhibit F

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8 Exhibit G

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9 Exhibit H

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10 Exhibit I

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11 Exhibit J

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12 Exhibit K

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13 Exhibit L

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14 Exhibit M

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15 Exhibit N

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16 Exhibit O

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ORDER DIRECTING REASSIGNMENT This matter is before me on the Plaintiffs' Motion for Preliminary Injunction [# 13 ] filed October 9, 2025. This matter should be considered by a merits judge and not this premerits judge. THEREFORE, IT IS ORDERED that the clerk shall assign this case to a judge for resolution on the merits under the random assignment procedure of D.C.COLO.LCiv.R 40.1. By Judge Robert E. Blackburn on 10/9/2025. Case randomly reassigned to Judge R. Brooke Jackson and drawn to Magistrate Judge Cyrus Y. Chung for all further proceedings. (norlin, ) (Entered: 10/09/2025)

NOTICE of Entry of Appearance by Hans Christopher Meyer on behalf of Refugio Ramirez Ovando, Caroline Dias Goncalves, J. S.T., G. R.R.Attorney Hans Christopher Meyer added to party Refugio Ramirez Ovando(pty:pla), Attorney Hans Christopher Meyer added to party Caroline Dias Goncalves(pty:pla), Attorney Hans Christopher Meyer added to party J. S.T.(pty:pla), Attorney Hans Christopher Meyer added to party G. R.R.(pty:pla) (Meyer, Hans) (Entered: 10/09/2025)

ORDER granting 12 Motion for Leave to File Excess Pages. The Court reluctantly grants the motion. Plaintiffs filed their lengthy motion before requesting permission to do so. Please do not do that again. Rather than waste time and resources having you edit the motion to a more reasonable length, the Court accepts it this time and grants the defendant leave to file a response of the same length if it wishes to. The Court also advises the parties that in view of the nature of the matter, it intends to set a hearing within the next two weeks. by Judge R. Brooke Jackson on 10/10/25. Text Only Entry(rbj) (Entered: 10/10/2025)

Order on Motion for Leave to File Excess Pages

NOTICE of Entry of Appearance by Brad E. Leneis on behalf of All Defendants Attorney Brad E. Leneis added to party Robert Guadian(pty:dft), Attorney Brad E. Leneis added to party Todd M. Lyons(pty:dft), Attorney Brad E. Leneis added to party Kristi Noem(pty:dft) (Leneis, Brad) (Entered: 10/14/2025)

MINUTE ORDER. Parties are directed to appear for a Status Conference tomorrow, 10/15/2025, at 11:00 a.m. The Court will be present for the hearing in Courtroom C203 of the Byron G. Rogers U.S. Courthouse. The parties may appear in person or by secure VTC link. By Judge R. Brooke Jackson on 10/14/2025. Text Only Entry (rbjlc9, ). (Entered: 10/14/2025)

Minute Order

NOTICE of Entry of Appearance by Logan P. Brown on behalf of All Defendants Attorney Logan P. Brown added to party Robert Guadian(pty:dft), Attorney Logan P. Brown added to party Todd M. Lyons(pty:dft), Attorney Logan P. Brown added to party Kristi Noem(pty:dft) (Brown, Logan) (Entered: 10/15/2025)

MINUTE ENTRY for Status Conference held on 10/15/2025 held before Judge R. Brooke Jackson: Two-day Preliminary Injunction Hearing is set to begin 10/30/2025 at 09:00 AM in Courtroom C203 before Judge R. Brooke Jackson. Defendants may file a responsive pleading to the Plaintiffs Motion forPreliminary Injunction [ECF 13] on or before October 27, 2025.granting in part and denying in part 11 Motion for Leave; Court Reporter: Sadie Herbert. (msmot, ) (Entered: 10/15/2025)

Joint MOTION for Protective Order by Defendants Robert Guadian, Todd M. Lyons, Kristi Noem. (Attachments: # 1 Protective Order and Exhibit A)(Leneis, Brad) (Entered: 10/20/2025)

1 Protective Order and Exhibit A

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STIPULATED PROTECTIVE ORDER granting 22 Joint Motion, by Judge R. Brooke Jackson on 10/21/2025.(ccuen, ) (Entered: 10/21/2025)

NOTICE of Entry of Appearance by Nicholas Albert Deuschle on behalf of All Defendants Attorney Nicholas Albert Deuschle added to party Robert Guadian(pty:dft), Attorney Nicholas Albert Deuschle added to party Todd M. Lyons(pty:dft), Attorney Nicholas Albert Deuschle added to party Kristi Noem(pty:dft) (Deuschle, Nicholas) (Entered: 10/21/2025)

SUMMONS Returned Executed upon defendant(s) Robert Guadian served on 10/14/2025, answer due 12/15/2025; Todd M. Lyons served on 10/15/2025, answer due 12/15/2025; Kristi Noem served on 10/21/2025, answer due 12/22/2025. (Kurtz, Anna) (Entered: 10/21/2025)

Unopposed MOTION for Hearing/Conference regarding Upcoming Preliminary Injunction Hearing in light of Recent Development by Defendants Robert Guadian, Todd M. Lyons, Kristi Noem. (Deuschle, Nicholas) (Entered: 10/23/2025)

RESPONSE to 26 Unopposed MOTION for Hearing/Conference regarding Upcoming Preliminary Injunction Hearing in light of Recent Development filed by Plaintiffs Caroline Dias Goncalves, G. R.R., Refugio Ramirez Ovando, J. S.T.. (Kawanabe, Kenzo) (Entered: 10/24/2025)

Minute Order

MINUTE ORDER: VTC Status Conference set for 10/24/2025 at 11:00 AM before Judge R. Brooke Jackson, all parties will appear via videoconference. Link will be emailed to parties by court staff. Entered by Judge R. Brooke Jackson on 10/24/2025. Text Only Entry (msmot, ) (Entered: 10/24/2025)

MINUTE ENTRY for proceedings held before Judge R. Brooke Jackson: Status Conference held on 10/24/2025. Court Reporter: Kevin Carlin. (msmot, ) (Entered: 10/24/2025)

TRANSCRIPT of Status Conference held on 10/24/2025 before Judge Jackson. Pages: 1-19. NOTICE - REDACTION OF TRANSCRIPTS: Within seven calendar days of this filing, each party shall inform the Court, by filing a Notice of Intent to Redact, of the party's intent to redact personal identifiers from the electronic transcript of the court proceeding. If a Notice of Intent to Redact is not filed within the allotted time, this transcript will be made electronically available after 90 days. Please see the Notice of Electronic Availability of Transcripts document at www.cod.uscourts.gov. Transcript may only be viewed at the court's public terminal or purchased through the Court Reporter/Transcriber prior to the 90 day deadline for electronic posting on PACER. (kcarl, ) (Entered: 10/24/2025)

RESPONSE to 13 MOTION for Preliminary Injunction filed by Defendants Robert Guadian, Todd M. Lyons, Kristi Noem. (Leneis, Brad) (Entered: 10/27/2025)

NOTICE of Plaintiffs' Witness and Exhibit Lists for October 30-31, 2025 Preliminary Injunction Hearing by Plaintiffs Caroline Dias Goncalves, G. R.R., Refugio Ramirez Ovando, J. S.T. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Plaintiffs' Preliminary Injunction Hearing Witness List, # 2 Exhibit Plaintiffs' Preliminary Injunction Hearing Exhibit List)(Kawanabe, Kenzo) (Entered: 10/27/2025)

Witness List by Defendants Robert Guadian, Todd M. Lyons, Kristi Noem. (Brown, Logan) (Entered: 10/27/2025)

Exhibit List by Defendants Robert Guadian, Todd M. Lyons, Kristi Noem. (Brown, Logan) (Entered: 10/27/2025)

RESTRICTED DOCUMENT - Level 1: Exhibit A to Response to Motion for Preliminary Injunction (ECF No. 34 ) by Defendants Robert Guadian, Todd M. Lyons, Kristi Noem.. (Leneis, Brad) (Entered: 10/27/2025)

TRANSCRIPT of Status Conference held on October 15, 2025 before Judge Jackson. Pages: 1-22. NOTICE - REDACTION OF TRANSCRIPTS: Within seven calendar days of this filing, each party shall inform the Court, by filing a Notice of Intent to Redact, of the party's intent to redact personal identifiers from the electronic transcript of the court proceeding. If a Notice of Intent to Redact is not filed within the allotted time, this transcript will be made electronically available after 90 days. Please see the Notice of Electronic Availability of Transcripts document at www.cod.uscourts.gov. Transcript may only be viewed at the court's public terminal or purchased through the Court Reporter/Transcriber prior to the 90 day deadline for electronic posting on PACER. (nrich) (Entered: 10/28/2025)

NOTICE of Plaintiffs' Amended Exhibit List for Preliminary Injunction Hearing by Plaintiffs Caroline Dias Goncalves, G. R.R., Refugio Ramirez Ovando, J. S.T. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A - Amended Exhibit List)(Kawanabe, Kenzo) (Entered: 10/29/2025)

BRIEF Regarding Application of Federal Rules of Evidence and Consideration of Declarations by Plaintiffs Caroline Dias Goncalves, G. R.R., Refugio Ramirez Ovando, J. S.T.. (Kawanabe, Kenzo) (Entered: 10/29/2025)

Exhibit List (Amended) by Defendants Robert Guadian, Todd M. Lyons, Kristi Noem. (Brown, Logan) (Entered: 10/29/2025)

REPLY to Response to 13 MOTION for Preliminary Injunction filed by Plaintiffs Caroline Dias Goncalves, G. R.R., Refugio Ramirez Ovando, J. S.T.. (Kawanabe, Kenzo) (Entered: 10/29/2025)

MINUTE ENTRY for proceedings held before Judge R. Brooke Jackson: Preliminary Injunction Hearing held on 10/30/2025. Hearing will continue October 31, 2025, at 9:00 a.m. Court Reporter: Kevin Carlin. (msmot, ) (Entered: 10/30/2025)

RESPONSE to Plaintiffs' Exhibits 24-63 by Defendants Robert Guadian, Todd M. Lyons, Kristi Noem. (Deuschle, Nicholas) (Entered: 10/30/2025)

AMENDED MINUTE ENTRY for Preliminary Injunction Hearing-Day 1 held on 10/30/2025. before Judge R. Brooke Jackson: Amended re 41 In Court Hearing. Court Reporter: Kevin Carlin. (msmot, ) (Entered: 11/05/2025)

MINUTE ENTRY for proceedings held before Judge R. Brooke Jackson: Preliminary Injunction Hearing - Day Two held on 10/31/2025. Taking under Advisement 13 Motion for Preliminary Injunction. Court Reporter: Kevin Carlin. (msmot, ) (Entered: 10/31/2025)

Conventionally Submitted Material : One flash drive to 39 Exhibit List. Located in Clerk's Office Box A-4-1. Text Only Entry (ccuen, ) (Entered: 11/03/2025)

MOTION for Order to limit remote electronic access pursuant to Rule 5.2(c) or, in the alternative, for a protective order under Rule 5.2(e)(2), by Defendants Robert Guadian, Todd M. Lyons, Kristi Noem. (Leneis, Brad) (Entered: 11/06/2025)

TRANSCRIPT of Preliminary Injunction Hearing held on 10/30/2025 before Judge Jackson. Pages: 1-219. NOTICE - REDACTION OF TRANSCRIPTS: Within seven calendar days of this filing, each party shall inform the Court, by filing a Notice of Intent to Redact, of the party's intent to redact personal identifiers from the electronic transcript of the court proceeding. If a Notice of Intent to Redact is not filed within the allotted time, this transcript will be made electronically available after 90 days. Please see the Notice of Electronic Availability of Transcripts document at www.cod.uscourts.gov. Transcript may only be viewed at the court's public terminal or purchased through the Court Reporter/Transcriber prior to the 90 day deadline for electronic posting on PACER. (kcarl, ) (Entered: 11/17/2025)

TRANSCRIPT of Preliminary Injunction Hearing held on 10/31/2025 before Judge Jackson. Pages: 220-434. NOTICE - REDACTION OF TRANSCRIPTS: Within seven calendar days of this filing, each party shall inform the Court, by filing a Notice of Intent to Redact, of the party's intent to redact personal identifiers from the electronic transcript of the court proceeding. If a Notice of Intent to Redact is not filed within the allotted time, this transcript will be made electronically available after 90 days. Please see the Notice of Electronic Availability of Transcripts document at www.cod.uscourts.gov. Transcript may only be viewed at the court's public terminal or purchased through the Court Reporter/Transcriber prior to the 90 day deadline for electronic posting on PACER. (kcarl, ) (Entered: 11/17/2025)

ORDER. 1. Plaintiffs' Motion for Class Certification (ECF No. 14 ) is GRANTED, as set forth in the Remedy section above. 2. Plaintiffs' Motion for a Preliminary Injunction (ECF No. 13 ) is GRANTED in part and DENIED in part, as set forth in the Remedy section above. 3. Defendant's Partially Unopposed Motion to Restrict Remote Electronic Access (ECF No. 46 ) is GRANTED in part and DENIED in part, as set forth in the Remedy section above. 4. Plaintiffs are awarded their reasonable attorneys' fees, costs, and other disbursements permitted under the Equal Access to Justice Act, 28 U.S.C. § 2412, in an amount to be agreed upon by the parties or else determined by the Court. 5. The parties shall meet and confer in order to agree upon a schedule for the case, by Judge R. Brooke Jackson on 11/25/2025.(ccuen, ) (Entered: 11/25/2025)