Case: Eknes-Tucker v. Ivey

2:22-cv-00184 | U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Alabama

Filed Date: April 19, 2022

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Case Summary

This case is about Alabama’s Vulnerable Child Compassion and Protection Act (“the Act”), which subjects anyone who “causes” a transgender minor to receive prohibited gender-affirming medical care to criminal penalties. Four transgender children and their parents, two medical professionals, and a reverend filed this lawsuit on April 19, 2022 in the U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Alabama. The plaintiffs—represented by the National Center for Lesbian Rights, GLBTQ Legal Advocates &…

The plaintiffs alleged the Act prohibited parents from seeking and obtaining appropriate medical care for their transgender children, prohibited physicians from caring for those children, and prohibited clergy from counseling those children. The plaintiffs alleged violations of the Affordable Care Act (42 U.S.C. § 18116) and 42 U.S.C. § 1983, claiming a deprivation of their Fourteenth Amendment rights to equal protection and substantive due process, their Fifth and Fourteenth Amendment rights to procedural due process, and their First Amendment right to free speech. The plaintiffs sought a declaration that the Act violated federal law and the U.S. Constitution, an injunction to prevent the Act’s enforcement, and attorneys’ fees pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1988. The case was assigned to District Judge Liles C. Burke for the Northern District of Alabama on April 20.

The plaintiffs moved for a preliminary injunction and a temporary restraining order to temporarily prohibit the Act’s enforcement on April 21, 2022. The United States Department of Justice Civil Rights Division moved to intervene as a plaintiff, and the court granted its motion on May 8.

On May 13, the court granted the preliminary injunction as to Section 4(a)(1)–(3) of the Act, but left the other parts of the Act intact. The court found a substantial likelihood that Section 4(a)(1)–(3) violated the Fourteenth Amendment by (1) infringing on a parent’s right to direct her child’s medical care under the Due Process Clause and (2) engaging in sex-based discrimination against transgender minors, in violation of the Equal Protection Clause.

On May 16, the defendants appealed the district court’s decision to grant the preliminary injunction to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit. On May 20, the parties jointly moved to dismiss the governor as a defendant for the sake of efficiency, and the court officially dismissed her from the suit on May 31. The plaintiffs filed an amended complaint on August 9 that reflected the governor’s dismissal. On August 23, the defendants moved to dismiss the amended complaint. The plaintiffs then filed a second amended complaint on September 19, which removed the reverend as a plaintiff and eliminated the Fourteenth Amendment procedural due process and First Amendment free speech claims. On September 20, the court denied the defendants’ motion to dismiss because it was based on the since-eliminated claims from the first amended complaint.

On August 21, 2023, the Eleventh Circuit vacated the preliminary injunction. The court found that the plaintiffs did not demonstrate the existence of a constitutional right to treat one’s children with transitioning medications and did not show that the Act created a sex-based classification. The court held that the district court should have applied rational basis review, and thus abused its discretion by evaluating the Act under strict scrutiny. Circuit Judge Barbara Lagoa, Circuit Judge Andrew L. Brasher, and District Judge J.P. Boulee wrote the opinion.

In light of the Eleventh Circuit’s opinion, the defendants requested to stay the preliminary injunction on September 6. On September 11, the plaintiffs filed a petition for rehearing en banc of the Eleventh Circuit’s decision to vacate the preliminary injunction.

The Eleventh Circuit officially halted its command to vacate the preliminary injunction on September 15 and is currently considering the plaintiffs’ petition for rehearing en banc and the issue of whether to stay the preliminary injunction while the petition is pending. District Judge Burke issued sealed orders on October 4 and October 11.

On November 21, the defendants filed a motion for stay of injunction arguing that there would be irreparable harm absent a stay. The plaintiffs filed a response motion on December 1.

On December 26, 2023, the Middle District of Alabama denied the United States’ motion to stay all District Court proceedings. The Court held that a stay may be appropriate later if

the Eleventh Circuit should grant Plaintiffs' petition for rehearing en banc or the Supreme Court should grant certiorari in L.W. v. Skrmetti or Doe v. Kentucky.

On January 11, 2024, the defendants’ motion to stay a preliminary injunction was granted.

During Spring 2022, the chief judges of the U.S. District Courts for Alabama's Northern, Middle, and Southern Districts formed a three-judge panel to investigate court filings and public statements that suggested potential judge-shopping. The investigation involved thirty-nine lawyers from three related cases. In its Final Report of Inquiry, the panel unanimously concluded that eleven of these lawyers had intentionally sought to bypass the random case assignment process in the Northern and Middle Districts of Alabama. The panel confirmed that impermissible judge-shopping had occurred and instructed that the report be served on the Court for further action. On February 21, 2024, the Court ordered the eleven lawyers to show cause why they should not be sanctioned for the misconduct outlined in the Final Report of Inquiry.

On May 27, 2024, the defendants filed a motion for summary judgment. The defendants argued that the act in question would pass rational basis review and would survive review with heightened scrutiny by the court.

On August 24, the Eleventh Circuit ordered that the case would not be reheard en banc. The next day, the order withholding issuance of the mandate was vacated. On June 24, 2024, the U.S. Department of Justice asked the court to stay proceedings after the U.S. Supreme Court agreed to take up a lawsuit, L.W. v. Skrmetti (3:23-cv-00376), against a similar ban in Tennessee. As of October 2024, the case remains ongoing.

	Document
1 2:22-cv-00184	Complaint for Declaratory and Injunctive Relief	April 19, 2022	April 19, 2022 Complaint
8 2:22-cv-00184	Memorandum in Support of Plaintiffs’ Motion for Temporary Restraining Order & Preliminary Injunction	April 21, 2022	April 21, 2022 Pleading / Motion / Brief
58-1 2:22-cv-00184	Memorandum of Law in Support of United States’ Motion to Intervene Eknes-Tucker v. State of Alabama	April 29, 2022	April 29, 2022 Pleading / Motion / Brief
62-1 2:22-cv-00184	Memorandum in Support of Plaintiff-Intervenor United States’ Motion for a Temporary Restraining Order and a Preliminary Injunction Eknes-Tucker v. State of Alabama	April 29, 2022	April 29, 2022 Pleading / Motion / Brief
72 2:22-cv-00184	Brief of Arkansas, Alaska, Arizona, Georgia, Indiana, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Texas, Utah, and West Virginia as Amici Curiae in Support of Defendants	May 2, 2022	May 2, 2022 Pleading / Motion / Brief
85 2:22-cv-00184	Joint Motion to Dismiss Defendant Kay Ivey	May 3, 2022	May 3, 2022 Pleading / Motion / Brief
92 2:22-cv-00184	Amended Complaint in Intervention	May 4, 2022	May 4, 2022 Complaint
94 2:22-cv-00184	Procedural Orders & Status of Forthcoming Opinion Eknes-Tucker v. Marshall	May 8, 2022	May 8, 2022 Order/Opinion
107 2:22-cv-00184	Opinion and Order Eknes-Tucker v. Marshall	May 13, 2022	May 13, 2022 Order/Opinion 603 F.Supp.3d 1131
146 2:22-cv-00184	First Amended Complaint for Declaratory and Injunctive Relief Eknes-Tucker v. Marshall	Aug. 9, 2022	Aug. 9, 2022 Complaint

Title	Description		External URL Date / External URL
An Alabama Trump Appointee Is Threatening To Jail LGBTQ Civil Rights Lawyers Chris Geidner	An “unprecedented judicial investigation” into forum-shopping allegations — levied against some of the nation’s top LGBTQ civil rights lawyers — boiled over briefly on Monday after the district court…	May 20, 2024	May 20, 2024 https://www.lawdork.com/...
Alabama can enforce ban on transition treatment for transgender minors, 11th Circuit says Amanda Robert	A federal appeals court on Monday ruled that Alabama can enforce a ban on puberty blockers and hormone treatments for transgender youths. A three-judge panel of the 11th U.S. Circuit Court of Appe…	Aug. 22, 2023	Aug. 22, 2023 https://www.abajournal.com/...

ECF Number	Description	Date	Link Date / Link
1	CIVIL APPEAL DOCKETED. Notice of appeal filed by Appellants Attorney General, State of Alabama, District Attorney, for Cullman County, District Attorney, for Jefferson County, District Attorney, for Lee County, District Attorney, for Montgomery County and District Attorney, for the 12th Judicial Circuit on 05/16/2022. Fee Status: Fee Paid. No hearings to be transcribed. The appellant's brief is due on or before 06/27/2022. The appendix is due no later than 7 days from the filing of the appellant's brief. Awaiting Appellant's Certificate of Interested Persons due on or before 06/06/2022 as to Appellant Attorney General, State of Alabama. Awaiting Appellee's Certificate of Interested Persons due on or before 06/21/2022 as to Appellee Paul A. Eknes-Tucker [Entered: 05/23/2022 12:54 PM] 1 DKT-7CIV Notice to Counsel/Parties View on RECAP 2 Civil Appeal Docketed - Notice of Appeal View on RECAP 3 OPINION & ORDER DE# 107 View on RECAP	May 18, 2022	May 18, 2022
2	APPEARANCE of Counsel Form filed by Barbara Schwabauer for the United States [22-11707] (ECF: Barbara Schwabauer) [Entered: 05/23/2022 04:01 PM]	May 23, 2022	May 23, 2022 RECAP
3	APPEARANCE of Counsel Form filed by Elizabeth Hecker for the United States [22-11707] (ECF: Elizabeth Hecker) [Entered: 05/23/2022 04:03 PM]	May 23, 2022	May 23, 2022 RECAP
4	APPEARANCE of Counsel Form filed by Bonnie Robin-Vergeer for the United States [22-11707] (ECF: Bonnie Robin-Vergeer) [Entered: 05/23/2022 04:06 PM]	May 23, 2022	May 23, 2022 RECAP
5	APPEARANCE of Counsel Form filed by Edmund Gerard LaCour, Jr. for Attorney General, State of Alabama, District Attorney, for Cullman County, District Attorney, for Jefferson County, District Attorney, for Lee County, District Attorney, for Montgomery County, District Attorney, for the 12th Judicial Circuit and Governor of the State of Alabama. [22-11707] (ECF: Edmund LaCour) [Entered: 05/23/2022 04:27 PM]	May 23, 2022	May 23, 2022 RECAP
6	APPEARANCE of Counsel Form filed by Thomas Alexander Wilson for Attorney General, State of Alabama, District Attorney, for Cullman County, District Attorney, for Jefferson County, District Attorney, for Lee County, District Attorney, for Montgomery County, District Attorney, for the 12th Judicial Circuit and Governor of the State of Alabama. [22-11707] (ECF: Thomas Wilson) [Entered: 05/23/2022 04:32 PM]	May 23, 2022	May 23, 2022 RECAP
7	APPEARANCE of Counsel Form filed by Alexander Barrett Bowdre for Attorney General, State of Alabama, District Attorney, for Cullman County, District Attorney, for Jefferson County, District Attorney, for Lee County, District Attorney, for Montgomery County, District Attorney, for the 12th Judicial Circuit and Governor of the State of Alabama. [22-11707] (ECF: Alexander Bowdre) [Entered: 05/23/2022 04:42 PM]	May 23, 2022	May 23, 2022 RECAP
8	APPEARANCE of Counsel Form filed by Christopher Ernest Mills for Attorney General, State of Alabama, District Attorney, for Cullman County, District Attorney, for Jefferson County, District Attorney, for Lee County, District Attorney, for Montgomery County, District Attorney, for the 12th Judicial Circuit and Governor of the State of Alabama. [22-11707] (ECF: Christopher Mills) [Entered: 05/23/2022 04:52 PM]	May 23, 2022	May 23, 2022 RECAP
9	Civil Appeal Statement filed by Attorney Edmund Gerard LaCour, Jr. for Appellants Attorney General, State of Alabama, District Attorney, for Cullman County, District Attorney, for Jefferson County, District Attorney, for Lee County, District Attorney, for Montgomery County, District Attorney, for the 12th Judicial Circuit and Governor of the State of Alabama. [22-11707] (ECF: Edmund LaCour) [Entered: 05/23/2022 05:56 PM]	May 23, 2022	May 23, 2022 RECAP
10	Certificate of Interested Persons and Corporate Disclosure Statement filed by Attorney Edmund Gerard LaCour, Jr. for Appellants Attorney General, State of Alabama, District Attorney, for Cullman County, District Attorney, for Jefferson County, District Attorney, for Lee County, District Attorney, for Montgomery County, District Attorney, for the 12th Judicial Circuit and Governor of the State of Alabama. On the same day the CIP is served, any filer represented by counsel must also complete the court's web-based stock ticker symbol certificate at the link here http://www.ca11.uscourts.gov/web-based-cip or on the court's website. See 11th Cir. R. 26.1-1(b). [22-11707] (ECF: Edmund LaCour) [Entered: 05/23/2022 05:57 PM]	May 23, 2022	May 23, 2022 RECAP
11	TRANSCRIPT INFORMATION FORM SUBMITTED by Attorney Edmund Gerard LaCour, Jr. for Appellants Attorney General, State of Alabama, District Attorney, for Cullman County, District Attorney, for Jefferson County, District Attorney, for Lee County, District Attorney, for Montgomery County, District Attorney, for the 12th Judicial Circuit and Governor of the State of Alabama. All necessary transcript(s) are on file. [22-11707] (ECF: Edmund LaCour) [Entered: 05/23/2022 06:00 PM]	May 23, 2022	May 23, 2022 RECAP
12	MOTION to expedite briefing filed by Attorney General, State of Alabama, District Attorney, for Cullman County, District Attorney, for Jefferson County, District Attorney, for Lee County, District Attorney, for Montgomery County, District Attorney, for the 12th Judicial Circuit and Governor of the State of Alabama. Motion is Unopposed. [12] [22-11707] (ECF: Edmund LaCour) [Entered: 05/24/2022 04:11 PM]	May 24, 2022	May 24, 2022 RECAP
13	APPEARANCE of Counsel Form filed by Asaf Orr for Brianna Boe, Paul A. Eknes-Tucker, Rachel Koe, Jane Moe, Kathy Noe, Megan Poe and James Zoe. [22-11707] (ECF: Asaf Orr) [Entered: 06/05/2022 12:53 AM]	June 6, 2022	June 6, 2022 RECAP
14	ORDER: Jennifer Levi is permitted to appear pro hac vice in this appeal, representing the Appellees, contingent upon her payment of the $50.00 pro hac vice fee within 14 days of the date of this order. WHP (See attached order for complete text) [Entered: 06/06/2022 10:57 AM] 1 MOT-2 Notice to Counsel/Parties View on RECAP 2 Court Order Filed View on RECAP	June 6, 2022	June 6, 2022
15	Certificate of Interested Persons and Corporate Disclosure Statement filed by Attorney Barbara Schwabauer for Appellee USA. On the same day the CIP is served, any filer represented by counsel must also complete the court's web-based stock ticker symbol certificate at the link here http://www.ca11.uscourts.gov/web-based-cip or on the court's website. See 11th Cir. R. 26.1-1(b). [22-11707] (ECF: Barbara Schwabauer) [Entered: 06/06/2022 11:18 AM]	June 6, 2022	June 6, 2022 RECAP
16	APPEARANCE of Counsel Form filed by Scott Daniel McCoy for Brianna Boe, Paul A. Eknes-Tucker, Rachel Koe, Jane Moe, Kathy Noe, Megan Poe and James Zoe. [22-11707] (ECF: Scott McCoy) [Entered: 06/06/2022 11:32 AM]	June 6, 2022	June 6, 2022 RECAP
17	APPEARANCE of Counsel Form filed by Jeff P. Doss for Brianna Boe, Paul A. Eknes-Tucker, Rachel Koe, Jane Moe, Kathy Noe, Megan Poe and James Zoe. [22-11707] (ECF: Jeffrey Doss) [Entered: 06/06/2022 04:10 PM]	June 6, 2022	June 6, 2022 RECAP
18	APPEARANCE of Counsel Form filed by Melody H. Eagan for Brianna Boe, Paul A. Eknes-Tucker, Rachel Koe, Jane Moe, Kathy Noe, Megan Poe and James Zoe. [22-11707] (ECF: Melody Eagan) [Entered: 06/06/2022 04:20 PM]	June 6, 2022	June 6, 2022 RECAP
19	APPEARANCE of Counsel Form filed by Amie A. Vague for Paul A. Eknes-Tucker, Brianna Boe, James Zoe, Megan Poe, Kathy Noe, Jane Moe, and Rachel Koe [22-11707] (ECF: Amie Vague) [Entered: 06/06/2022 04:23 PM]	June 6, 2022	June 6, 2022 RECAP
20	APPEARANCE of Counsel Form filed by Kelly Perigoe for Brianna Boe; Paul A. Eknes-Tucker; Rachel Koe; Jane Moe; Kathy Noe; Megan Poe; and James Zoe [22-11707] (ECF: Kelly Perigoe) [Entered: 06/06/2022 07:49 PM]	June 6, 2022	June 6, 2022 RECAP
21	APPEARANCE of Counsel Form filed by Anne M. Voigts for Brianna Boe; Paul A. Eknes-Tucker; Rachel Koe; Jane Moe; Kathy Noe; Megan Poe; and James Zoe [22-11707] (ECF: Anne Voigts) [Entered: 06/06/2022 07:53 PM]	June 6, 2022	June 6, 2022 RECAP
22	APPEARANCE of Counsel Form filed by David P. Mattern for Brianna Boe; Paul A. Eknes-Tucker; Rachel Koe; Jane Moe; Kathy Noe; Megan Poe; and James Zoe [22-11707] (ECF: David Mattern) [Entered: 06/06/2022 07:55 PM]	June 6, 2022	June 6, 2022 RECAP
23	APPEARANCE of Counsel Form filed by James Andrew Pratt for Brianna Boe, Paul A. Eknes-Tucker, Rachel Koe, Jane Moe, Kathy Noe, Megan Poe and James Zoe. [22-11707] (ECF: James Pratt) [Entered: 06/06/2022 07:59 PM]	June 6, 2022	June 6, 2022 RECAP
24	APPEARANCE of Counsel Form filed by Brent Ray for Brianna Boe, Paul A. Eknes-Tucker, Rachel Koe, Jane Moe, Kathy Noe, Megan Poe and James Zoe. [22-11707] (ECF: Brent Ray) [Entered: 06/06/2022 08:33 PM]	June 6, 2022	June 6, 2022 RECAP
25	Certificate of Interested Persons and Corporate Disclosure Statement filed by Attorney Jeff P. Doss for Appellees Brianna Boe, Paul A. Eknes-Tucker, Rachel Koe, Jane Moe, Kathy Noe, Megan Poe and James Zoe. On the same day the CIP is served, any filer represented by counsel must also complete the court's web-based stock ticker symbol certificate at the link here http://www.ca11.uscourts.gov/web-based-cip or on the court's website. See 11th Cir. R. 26.1-1(b). [22-11707] (ECF: Jeffrey Doss) [Entered: 06/06/2022 10:26 PM]	June 6, 2022	June 6, 2022 RECAP
26	ORDER: Appellants’ “Unopposed Motion for Expedited Briefing and Appellate Review” is GRANTED. The Court DIRECTS the Clerk’s Office to expedite the appeal for merits disposition purposes and place this appeal on the next available oral argument calendar. Briefing in this appeal shall proceed as follows: Appellants’ initial brief is due by June 27, 2022, with the appendix due 7 days from the filing of the initial brief. Appellees’ response briefs are due by August 10, 2022. Appellants’ reply brief, if any, is due by August 31, 2022. [12] KCN [Entered: 06/07/2022 03:54 PM]	June 7, 2022	June 7, 2022 RECAP
27	APPEARANCE of Counsel Form filed by Jennifer L. Levi for Paul Eknes-Tucker, et al [22-11707] (ECF: Jennifer Levi) [Entered: 06/08/2022 10:17 AM]	June 8, 2022	June 8, 2022 RECAP
28	APPEARANCE of Counsel Form filed by Praveen Krishna for USA [22-11707] (ECF: Praveen Krishna) [Entered: 06/14/2022 11:40 AM]	June 14, 2022	June 14, 2022 RECAP
29	APPEARANCE of Counsel Form filed by Jonathan F. Mitchell for amicus curiae America First Legal Foundation [22-11707] (ECF: Jonathan Mitchell) [Entered: 06/23/2022 02:51 PM]	June 23, 2022	June 23, 2022 RECAP
30	APPEARANCE of Counsel Form filed by Gene P. Hamilton for amicus curiae America First Legal Foundation [22-11707] (ECF: Gene Hamilton) [Entered: 06/24/2022 01:19 PM]	June 24, 2022	June 24, 2022 RECAP
31	Appellant's brief filed by Attorney General, State of Alabama, District Attorney, for Cullman County, District Attorney, for Jefferson County, District Attorney, for Lee County, District Attorney, for Montgomery County, District Attorney, for the 12th Judicial Circuit and Governor of the State of Alabama. [22-11707] (ECF: Edmund LaCour) [Entered: 06/27/2022 05:35 PM]	June 27, 2022	June 27, 2022 RECAP
32	Received 7 paper copies of EBrief, filed by Appellants Attorney General, State of Alabama, District Attorney, for Cullman County, District Attorney, for Jefferson County, District Attorney, for Lee County, District Attorney, for Montgomery County, District Attorney, for the 12th Judicial Circuit and Governor of the State of Alabama. [Entered: 06/29/2022 11:04 AM]	June 29, 2022	June 29, 2022
33	MOOT MOTION to seal portion of appendix filed by Attorney General, State of Alabama, District Attorney, for Cullman County, District Attorney, for Jefferson County, District Attorney, for Lee County, District Attorney, for Montgomery County, District Attorney, for the 12th Judicial Circuit and Governor of the State of Alabama. Motion is Unopposed. [33] [22-11707] (ECF: Edmund LaCour) [Entered: 07/01/2022 09:36 AM]	July 1, 2022	July 1, 2022 RECAP
34	APPEARANCE of Counsel Form filed by Rachel N. Morrison for Amicus Curiae Ethics and Public Policy Center [22-11707] (ECF: Rachel Morrison) [Entered: 07/01/2022 01:58 PM]	July 1, 2022	July 1, 2022 RECAP
35	Amicus Brief as of right or by consent of the parties filed by Mary E. McAlister for Amici Curiae Laura Becker, Billy Burleigh, C.G. (pseudonym), Helena Kerschner, Laura Perry Smalts, Laura Reynolds, and John Smith (pseudonym). [22-11707] (ECF: Mary McAlister) [Entered: 07/05/2022 11:30 AM]	July 5, 2022	July 5, 2022 RECAP
36	APPEARANCE of Counsel Form filed by Mary E. McAlister for Amici Curiae Laura Becker, Billy Burleigh, C.G.(pseudonym), Helena Kerschner, Laura Perry Smalts, Laura Reynolds, and John Smith (pseudonym) [22-11707] (ECF: Mary McAlister) [Entered: 07/05/2022 12:24 PM]	July 5, 2022	July 5, 2022 RECAP
37	APPEARANCE of Counsel Form filed by Matthew J. Clark for Alabama Center for Law and Liberty [22-11707] (ECF: Matthew Clark) [Entered: 07/05/2022 01:39 PM]	July 5, 2022	July 5, 2022 RECAP
38	Amicus Brief as of right or by consent of the parties filed by Matthew J. Clark for Alabama Center for Law and Liberty. [22-11707] (ECF: Matthew Clark) [Entered: 07/05/2022 01:40 PM]	July 5, 2022	July 5, 2022 RECAP
39	MOTION MOOT: Motion to seal portions of appendix is MOOT [33] because documents filed under seal in the court from which an appeal is taken will continue to be filed under seal on appeal to this court. See 11th Cir. R. 25-3(h). Re: Motion filed by Appellants District Attorney, for Cullman County, District Attorney, for Jefferson County, District Attorney, for Lee County, District Attorney, for Montgomery County and District Attorney, for the 12th Judicial Circuit. [Entered: 07/05/2022 02:45 PM]	July 5, 2022	July 5, 2022
40	Appendix filed [XIII VOLUMES] by Appellants Attorney General, State of Alabama, District Attorney, for Cullman County, District Attorney, for Jefferson County, District Attorney, for Lee County, District Attorney, for Montgomery County, District Attorney, for the 12th Judicial Circuit and Governor of the State of Alabama. [22-11707] (ECF: Edmund LaCour) [Entered: 07/05/2022 03:04 PM] 1 Volume I of XIII View on RECAP 2 Volume II of XIII View on RECAP 3 Volume III of XIII View on RECAP 4 Volume IV of XIII View on RECAP 5 Volume V of XIII View on RECAP 6 Volume VI of XIII View on RECAP 7 Volume VII of XIII View on RECAP 8 Volume VIII of XIII View on RECAP 9 Volume IX of XIII View on RECAP 10 Volume X of XIII View on RECAP 11 Volume XI of XIII View on RECAP 12 Volume XII of XIII (FILED UNDER SEAL) View on RECAP 13 Volume XIII of XIII View on RECAP	July 5, 2022	July 5, 2022

Case: Eknes-Tucker v. Ivey

2:22-cv-00184 | U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Alabama

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