Case: Patterson v. Virginia Department of Corrections

3:23-cv-00757 | U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia

Filed Date: Nov. 9, 2023

Case Ongoing

Clearinghouse coding complete

Case Summary

This is a class action lawsuit concerning sex discrimination in the Virginia Department of Corrections’ (VDOC) policies on body scanners. On November 9, 2023, three current and former female VDOC employees, on behalf of themselves and others similarly situated, filed this lawsuit in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia. The employees sued VDOC via 2 U.S.C. §§ 2000e, alleging sex discrimination in employment in violation of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act, and …

This is a class action lawsuit concerning sex discrimination in the Virginia Department of Corrections’ (VDOC) policies on body scanners. On November 9, 2023, three current and former female VDOC employees, on behalf of themselves and others similarly situated, filed this lawsuit in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia. The employees sued VDOC via 2 U.S.C. §§ 2000e, alleging sex discrimination in employment in violation of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act, and via 42 U.S.C. § 1983 for violation of the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment of the US Constitution. Represented by private counsel, the employees sought damages, as well as injunctive and declaratory relief. The case was assigned to District Judge David J. Novak.

VDOC maintained a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) requiring all individuals entering one of its correctional centers equipped with a body scanner to pass the X-ray scanning system for inspection. The SOP required this of all individuals, including employees, and indicated that VDOC could authorize a strip search of an individual when an unknown object or anomaly was detected in the body scan. The SOP further stated that refusing to comply with the search would be justification to bar the employee from the facility or terminate their employment.

In September 2018, VDOC’s Chief of Corrections Operations issued a new policy prohibiting visitors from wearing tampons or menstrual cups during visitation, citing “recent inquiries” about concealing contraband in feminine hygiene products. VDOC stated that their scanners could not differentiate between tampons/menstrual cups and other potential contraband in a body cavity. While there was no policy banning those products for employees, the named plaintiffs each were threatened with job termination, subjected to strip searches, and/or terminated because the body scanner flagged them for having anomalies, which were, in fact, feminine hygiene products or contraceptive devices. To the knowledge of the plaintiffs, no male employee had been subjected to a strip search, threatened with termination, or terminated due to utilization of a female hygiene or contraceptive product.

On February 23rd, 2024, VDOC filed a motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act.

On April 19th, 2024, Defendant’s motion to dismiss was granted in part and denied in part. The court said plaintiffs made out plausible individual claims for disparate treatment and disparate impact in violation of Title VII’s prohibitions against sex discrimination. However, the court found that plaintiffs failed to plausibly plead that Defendant created a hostile work environment or discriminated against them in violation of the Equal Protection Clause.

As of April 2025, this case has had no further activity.

Summary Authors

Rabeya Mallick (3/18/2024)

People

For PACER's information on parties and their attorneys, see: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/68209616/parties/patterson-v-virginia-department-of-corrections/


Judge(s)

Novak, David (Virginia)

Attorney for Plaintiff

Butler, Harris Dewey (Virginia)

Falabella, Paul Mark (Virginia)

Galina, Samantha (Virginia)

Attorney for Defendant

Gourdie, Hannah Rose (Virginia)

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Documents in the Clearinghouse

Document
1

3:23-cv-00757

Complaint

Patterson v. Virginia Department Of Corrections

Nov. 9, 2023

Nov. 9, 2023

Complaint
10

3:23-cv-00757

Motion to Dismiss

Feb. 23, 2024

Feb. 23, 2024

Pleading / Motion / Brief
14

3:23-cv-00757

Memorandum Opinion

April 19, 2024

April 19, 2024

Order/Opinion

2024 WL 1704669

Docket

See docket on RECAP: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/68209616/patterson-v-virginia-department-of-corrections/

Last updated Aug. 8, 2025, 4:20 a.m.

ECF Number Description Date Link Date / Link
1

Complaint ( Filing fee $ 402, receipt number AVAEDC-9212494.), filed by Mallory Patterson, Carla McDowney, Emily Comer. (Attachments: # 1 Civil Cover Sheet)(Falabella, Paul) (Entered: 11/09/2023)

Nov. 9, 2023

Nov. 9, 2023

Clearinghouse
2

Proposed Summons re 1 Complaint by Emily Comer, Carla McDowney, Mallory Patterson. (Falabella, Paul) (Entered: 11/09/2023)

Nov. 9, 2023

Nov. 9, 2023

PACER

Initial Case Assignment to District Judge David J. Novak. (Kat)

Nov. 9, 2023

Nov. 9, 2023

PACER
3

Summons Issued as to Chadwick Dotson, Virginia Department Of Corrections, NOTICE TO ATTORNEY: Please remove the headers and print two duplex copies of the electronically issued summons for each Defendant. Please serve one copy of the summons and a copy of the Complaint upon each Defendant. Please ensure that your process server returns the service copy (executed or unexecuted) to your attention. Please electronically file it using the filing events, Summons Returned Executed or Summons Returned Unexecuted. (Kat, ) (Entered: 11/09/2023)

Nov. 9, 2023

Nov. 9, 2023

PACER
4

SUMMONS Returned Executed. Chadwick Dotson served on 1/4/2024, answer due 1/25/2024; Virginia Department Of Corrections served on 1/4/2024, answer due 1/25/2024. (Falabella, Paul) Modified docket text to include service date and answer due date 1/11/2024 (jsmi, ). (Entered: 01/10/2024)

Jan. 10, 2024

Jan. 10, 2024

PACER
5

Consent MOTION for Extension of Time to File Answer re 1 Complaint by Chadwick Dotson, Virginia Department Of Corrections. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Windsor, Laura) (Entered: 01/18/2024)

1 Proposed Order

View on PACER

Jan. 18, 2024

Jan. 18, 2024

RECAP
6

Financial Interest Disclosure Statement (Local Rule 7.1) by Virginia Department Of Corrections. (Windsor, Laura) (Entered: 01/18/2024)

Jan. 18, 2024

Jan. 18, 2024

PACER
7

ORDER (Granting Consent Motion for Extension of Time to File Responsive Pleadings). This matter comes before the Court on Defendants' Consent Motion for an Extension of Time to Answer, Plead or Otherwise Respond to Plaintiffs' Complaint, ("Motion," ECF No. 5 ). For good cause shown, and as counsel for Plaintiffs do not object, the Court hereby GRANTS the Motion, (ECF No. 5 ), and ORDERS that Defendants shall have until February 23, 2024, to file a responsive pleading to Plaintiffs' Complaint, (ECF No. 1 ). It is so ORDERED. Signed by District Judge David J. Novak on 1/18/2024. (sbea) (Entered: 01/18/2024)

Jan. 18, 2024

Jan. 18, 2024

PACER
8

NOTICE of Appearance by Brendan David O'Toole on behalf of Chadwick Dotson, Virginia Department Of Corrections (O'Toole, Brendan) (Entered: 01/18/2024)

Jan. 18, 2024

Jan. 18, 2024

PACER
9

NOTICE of Appearance by Hannah Rose Gourdie on behalf of Chadwick Dotson, Virginia Department Of Corrections (Gourdie, Hannah) (Entered: 01/18/2024)

Jan. 18, 2024

Jan. 18, 2024

PACER
10

MOTION to Dismiss for Failure to State a Claim the Complaint by Chadwick Dotson, Virginia Department Of Corrections. (Windsor, Laura) (Entered: 02/23/2024)

Feb. 23, 2024

Feb. 23, 2024

Clearinghouse
11

Memorandum in Support re 10 MOTION to Dismiss for Failure to State a Claim the Complaint filed by Chadwick Dotson, Virginia Department Of Corrections. (Windsor, Laura) (Entered: 02/23/2024)

Feb. 23, 2024

Feb. 23, 2024

RECAP
12

Memorandum in Opposition re 10 MOTION to Dismiss for Failure to State a Claim the Complaint Plaintiffs' Brief in Opposition to Defendants' Motion to Dismiss the Complaint filed by Emily Comer, Carla McDowney, Mallory Patterson. (Falabella, Paul) (Entered: 03/08/2024)

March 8, 2024

March 8, 2024

PACER
14

MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by District Judge David J. Novak on 4/19/2024. (jenjones, ) (Entered: 04/19/2024)

April 19, 2024

April 19, 2024

RECAP
15

ORDER (Granting and Denying in Part Defendant's Motion to Dismiss). This matter comes before the Court on Virginia Department of Corrections and Director Chadwick Dotson's Joint Motion to Dismiss. (ECF No. 10 .) As the Court described in its accompanying Memorandum Opinion, the Court GRANTS IN PART and DENIES IN PART Defendants' Motion. The Court GRANTS the Motion to Dismiss Counts III and IV, as to Plaintiffs' class and individual claims. However, the Court DENIES the Motion to Dismiss Counts I and II. This Order should not be construed as ruling on the merits of Plaintiffs' class claims in Counts I and II, as the Court will direct class certification to be briefed in a forthcoming scheduling Order. It is so ORDERED. Signed by District Judge David J. Novak on 4/19/2024. (jenjones, ) (Entered: 04/19/2024)

April 19, 2024

April 19, 2024

PACER

On-The-Record Initial Pretrial Conference set for 5/14/2024 at 11:00 AM Telephonically before District Judge David J. Novak. (cgar)

April 22, 2024

April 22, 2024

PACER
16

Consent MOTION for Extension of Time to File Answer re 1 Complaint, 15 Order on Motion to Dismiss for Failure to State a Claim,,, by Chadwick Dotson, Virginia Department Of Corrections. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Windsor, Laura) (Entered: 04/24/2024)

April 24, 2024

April 24, 2024

PACER
17

ORDER the Court hereby DIRECTS the parties to file their position as to whether they consent to magistrate judge jurisdiction pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 636(c)(l), no later than May 3, 2024. Signed by District Judge David J. Novak on 4/24/2024. (cgar) (Entered: 04/24/2024)

April 24, 2024

April 24, 2024

PACER
18

ORDER granting Virginia Department Of Corrections' 16 Motion for Extension of Time to Answer Complaint 1 and the remaining Counts of Plaintiff's Complaint, which relate to Plaintiffs' class allegations. Answer due 5/10/2024. Signed by District Judge David J. Novak on 4/24/2024. (cgar) (Entered: 04/24/2024)

April 24, 2024

April 24, 2024

PACER
19

Joint Decline Consent to Jurisdiction by US Magistrate Judge by Virginia Department Of Corrections. (Windsor, Laura) (Entered: 04/29/2024)

April 29, 2024

April 29, 2024

PACER
20

ANSWER to Complaint by Virginia Department Of Corrections.(O'Toole, Brendan) (Entered: 05/10/2024)

May 10, 2024

May 10, 2024

PACER

Minute Entry for proceedings held before District Judge David J. Novak:OTR Initial Pretrial Conference held on 5/14/2024. (Court Reporter Ruth Levy)(cgar)

May 14, 2024

May 14, 2024

PACER
21

ORDER that the case is hereby REFERRED to United States Magistrate Judge Mark R. Colombell for settlement purposes. If amenable to Magistrate Judge Colombell and otherwise consistent with his calendar, the parties shall schedule a settlement conference no later than August 9, 2024. Signed by District Judge David J. Novak on 5/14/2024. Copy to Judge Colombell as directed. (jsmi, ) (Entered: 05/14/2024)

May 14, 2024

May 14, 2024

PACER

Case referred to Magistrate Judge Mark R. Colombell. (jsmi, )

May 14, 2024

May 14, 2024

PACER
22

ORDER that the Court hereby SCHEDULES a status call on August 15, 2024, at 1:30 p.m. The parties shall file a joint proposed schedule for class certification and approval before the status call. In addition, if the parties reach a resolution prior to the status call, the parties SHALL file a notice of settlement before the status call. Signed by District Judge David J. Novak on 5/14/2024. (jsmi, ) (Entered: 05/14/2024)

May 14, 2024

May 14, 2024

PACER

OTR Status Conference set for 8/15/2024 at 01:30 PM Telephonically before District Judge David J. Novak. (cgar)

May 14, 2024

May 14, 2024

PACER
23

TRANSCRIPT of proceedings held on 5/14/2024, before Judge David J. Novak, Court Reporter Ruth Levy, Telephone number,804-916-2893. NOTICE RE REDACTION OF TRANSCRIPTS:The parties have thirty(30) calendar days to file with the Court a Notice of Intent to Request Redaction of this transcript. If no such Notice is filed, the transcript will be made remotely electronically available to the public without redaction after 90 calendar days. The policy is located on our website at www.vaed.uscourts.gov Transcript may be viewed at the court public terminal or purchased through the court reporter before the deadline for Release of Transcript Restriction. After that date it may be obtained through PACER Redaction Request due 6/14/2024. Redacted Transcript Deadline set for 7/15/2024. Release of Transcript Restriction set for 8/13/2024.(Levy, Ruth) (Entered: 05/15/2024)

May 15, 2024

May 15, 2024

PACER
24

ORDER REGARDING PROCEDURES FOR SETTLEMENT CONFERENCE- The Court has scheduled this case for a settlement conference on July 30, 2024 at 9:30 A.M. At that time, the parties shall report to the chambers of Magistrate Judge Mark R. Colombell. SEE ORDER FOR DETAILS. Signed by Magistrate Judge Mark R. Colombell on 5/15/2024. (adun, ) (Entered: 05/15/2024)

May 15, 2024

May 15, 2024

PACER

Set Hearing: Settlement Conference set for 7/30/2024 at 09:30 AM in Richmond Judges Chamber before Magistrate Judge Mark R. Colombell. (jsau, )

May 15, 2024

May 15, 2024

PACER
25

Joint MOTION for Protective Order by Virginia Department Of Corrections. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Windsor, Laura) (Entered: 06/03/2024)

June 3, 2024

June 3, 2024

PACER
26

Memorandum in Support re 25 Joint MOTION for Protective Order filed by Virginia Department Of Corrections. (Windsor, Laura) (Entered: 06/03/2024)

June 3, 2024

June 3, 2024

PACER
27

PROTECTIVE ORDER. Signed by District Judge David J. Novak on 6/3/2024. (adun, ) (Entered: 06/04/2024)

June 3, 2024

June 3, 2024

PACER
30

MOTION to Withdraw as Attorney by Virginia Department Of Corrections. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Gourdie, Hannah) (Entered: 07/25/2024)

July 25, 2024

July 25, 2024

PACER
31

ORDER (Granting Motion to Withdraw) - For good cause shown, and as Defendant will still be represented by counsel, the Court hereby GRANTS Attorney Hannah R. Motion for Leave to Withdraw as Attorney for Defendant Virginia Department of Corrections, (ECF No. 30 ). Signed by District Judge David J. Novak on 7/26/2024. (ewat, ) (Entered: 07/26/2024)

July 26, 2024

July 26, 2024

PACER

Minute Entry for proceedings held before Magistrate Judge Mark R. Colombell: Settlement Conference held on 7/30/2024. (jsau, )

July 30, 2024

July 30, 2024

PACER

Minute Entry for proceedings held before Magistrate Judge Mark R. Colombell: Status Conference held on 8/13/2024. (jsau, )

Aug. 13, 2024

Aug. 13, 2024

PACER
33

STATUS REPORT Joint Status Report and Proposed Schedule for Class Certification and/or Settlement Approval by Emily Comer, Carla McDowney, Mallory Patterson. (Falabella, Paul) (Entered: 08/14/2024)

Aug. 14, 2024

Aug. 14, 2024

PACER
34

ORDER (Rescheduling Status Call) - The Court RESCHEDULES the status call set for August 15, 2024 at 1:30 p.m. to November 21, 2024 at 1:30 p.m. SEE ORDER FOR DETAILS. Signed by District Judge David J. Novak on 8/15/2024. (ewat, ) (Entered: 08/15/2024)

Aug. 15, 2024

Aug. 15, 2024

PACER

ON-The-Record Status Conference set for 11/21/2024 at 01:30 PM in Richmond Telephonically before District Judge David J. Novak. (cgar)

Aug. 15, 2024

Aug. 15, 2024

PACER
35

ORDER Regarding Procedures for Follow-Up Settlement Conference- The Court has scheduled this case for a follow-up settlement conference on October 29,2024 at 9:30 A.M. At that time, the parties and their counsel shall report to the chambers of Magistrate Judge Mark R. Colombell. SEE ORDER FOR DETAILS. Signed by Magistrate Judge Mark R. Colombell on 8/15/2024. (adun, ) (Entered: 08/15/2024)

Aug. 15, 2024

Aug. 15, 2024

PACER

Set Hearing: Follow-up Settlement Conference set for 10/29/2024 at 09:30 AM in Richmond Judges Chamber before Magistrate Judge Mark R. Colombell. (jsau, )

Aug. 15, 2024

Aug. 15, 2024

PACER

Minute Entry for proceedings held before Magistrate Judge Mark R. Colombell: Settlement Conference held on 10/29/2024. (jsau, )

Oct. 29, 2024

Oct. 29, 2024

PACER

Status Telephone Conference RESET for 11/20/2024 at 11:30 AM Telephonically before District Judge David J. Novak. (cgar)

Nov. 7, 2024

Nov. 7, 2024

PACER
37

ORDER Status Call in this case will be moved to November 20, 2024, at 11 :30 a.m. Signed by District Judge David J. Novak on 11/7/2024. (cgar) (Entered: 11/08/2024)

Nov. 8, 2024

Nov. 8, 2024

PACER
38

STATUS REPORT Joint Status Report by Emily Comer, Carla McDowney, Mallory Patterson. (Falabella, Paul) (Entered: 11/18/2024)

Nov. 18, 2024

Nov. 18, 2024

PACER
39

ORDER (Rescheduling Status Call) - This matter comes before the Court following the filing of the parties' Joint Status Report. (ECF No. 38 .) The Court hereby CANCELS the Status Call set for November 20, 2024. The Court will RESCHEDULE this Status Call for January 3, 2025, at 12:00 p.m. Further, the Court ORDERS that the parties must file a Joint Status Report by January 2, 2025, at 12:00 p.m. It is so ORDERED. Signed by District Judge David J. Novak on 11/19/2024. (ewat, ) (Entered: 11/19/2024)

Nov. 19, 2024

Nov. 19, 2024

PACER

OTR Status Telephone Conference RESET for 1/3/2025 at 12:00 PM Telephonically before District Judge David J. Novak. (cgar)

Nov. 19, 2024

Nov. 19, 2024

PACER
40

ORDER Regarding Procedures for Follow-Up Settlement Conference - The Court has scheduled this case for a follow-up settlement conference on March 11, 2025 at 9:30 A.M. to be held by videoconference. The Court hereby ORDERS the parties to submit supplemental ex parte memoranda on or before March 3, 2025 summarizing case developments in discovery and reporting on any further settlement discussions between the parties. In addition to counsel, each party must have a representative virtually present on the videoconference with the full authority to settle this action. If an individual is a named party, that individual must be personally present at the settlement conference. If a business entity (or entities) is/are involved, each entity must have a representative with full authority to settle the case on behalf of that entity virtually present. It is SO ORDERED. SEE ORDER FOR DETAILS. Signed by Magistrate Judge Mark R. Colombell on 12/11/2024. (ewat, ) (Entered: 12/12/2024)

Dec. 12, 2024

Dec. 12, 2024

PACER

Set Hearing: Follow-up Settlement Conference set for 3/11/2025 at 09:30 AM via ZOOM before Magistrate Judge Mark R. Colombell. (jsau, )

Dec. 16, 2024

Dec. 16, 2024

PACER

On-The-Record Status Conference RESET for 3/27/2025 at 10:30 AM in Telephonically before District Judge David J. Novak. (cgar)

Dec. 20, 2024

Dec. 20, 2024

PACER
41

ORDER Regarding Procedures for Follow-Up Settlement Conference - The Court has scheduled this case for a follow-up settlement conference on February 10, 2025 at 9:30 A.M. to be held by videoconference. The Court hereby ORDERS the parties to submit supplemental ex parte memoranda on or before February 3, 2025 summarizing case developments in discovery and reporting on any further settlement discussions between the parties. In addition to counsel, each party must have a representative virtually present on the videoconference with the full authority to settle this action. If an individual is a named party, that individual must be personally present at the settlement conference. If a business entity (or entities) is/are involved, each entity must have a representative with full authority to settle the case on behalf of that entity virtually present. SEE ORDER FOR FURTHER DETAILS. It is SO ORDERED. Signed by Magistrate Judge Mark R. Colombell on 1/10/2025. (ewat, ) (Entered: 01/10/2025)

Jan. 10, 2025

Jan. 10, 2025

PACER

Reset Hearing: Follow-up Settlement Conference set for 2/10/2025 at 09:30 AM via ZOOM before Magistrate Judge Mark R. Colombell. (jsau, )

Jan. 15, 2025

Jan. 15, 2025

PACER
42

ORDER Regarding Procedures for Follow-Up Settlement Conference - The Court has scheduled this case for a follow-up settlement conference on February 14, 2025 at 9:30 A.M. to be held by videoconference. The Court hereby ORDERS the parties to submit supplemental ex parte memoranda on or before February 7, 2025 summarizing case developments in discovery and reporting on any further settlement discussions between the parties. SEE ORDER FOR DETAILS. It is SO ORDERED. Signed by Magistrate Judge Mark R. Colombell on 1/22/2025. (ewat, ) (Entered: 01/22/2025)

Jan. 22, 2025

Jan. 22, 2025

PACER

Reset Hearing: Follow-up Settlement Conference reset for 2/14/2025 at 09:30 AM in Richmond Remote before Magistrate Judge Mark R. Colombell. (jsau, )

Jan. 22, 2025

Jan. 22, 2025

PACER

Minute Entry for proceedings held before Magistrate Judge Mark R. Colombell: Settlement Conference held on 2/10/2025. (jsau, )

Feb. 10, 2025

Feb. 10, 2025

PACER

Minute Entry for proceedings held before Magistrate Judge Mark R. Colombell: Settlement Conference held on 2/14/2025. (jsau, )

Feb. 14, 2025

Feb. 14, 2025

PACER
43

STIPULATION of Dismissal with Prejudice by Emily Comer, Carla McDowney, Mallory Patterson. (Falabella, Paul). (Entered: 04/24/2025)

April 24, 2025

April 24, 2025

PACER
44

ORDER (Acknowledging Stipulation of Dismissal with Prejudice) - This matter comes before the Court on the parties' Stipulation of Dismissal with Prejudice pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 41(a)(1)(A)(ii). (ECF No. 43 .) The Court hereby ACKNOWLEDGES this voluntary dismissal with prejudice and shall retain jurisdiction over the parties' settlement agreement pursuant to Kokkonen v. Guardian Life Insurance Co. of America, 511 U.S. 375 (1994). The Court DIRECTS the Clerk's Office to close this case. This case is now CLOSED. It is SO ORDERED. Signed by District Judge David J. Novak on 4/24/2025. (ewat, ) (Entered: 04/24/2025)

April 24, 2025

April 24, 2025

PACER

Case Details

State / Territory: Virginia

Case Type(s):

Equal Employment

Key Dates

Filing Date: Nov. 9, 2023

Case Ongoing: Yes

Plaintiffs

Plaintiff Description:

Current and former female employees of the Virginia Department of Corrections

Plaintiff Type(s):

Private Plaintiff

Public Interest Lawyer: No

Filed Pro Se: No

Class Action Sought: Yes

Class Action Outcome: Pending

Defendants

Virginia Department of Corrections, State

Defendant Type(s):

Corrections

Facility Type(s):

Government-run

Case Details

Causes of Action:

42 U.S.C. § 1983

Title VII (including PDA), 42 U.S.C. § 2000e

Ex parte Young (federal or state officials)

Constitutional Clause(s):

Equal Protection

Available Documents:

Trial Court Docket

Complaint (any)

Outcome

Prevailing Party: None Yet / None

Nature of Relief:

None yet

Source of Relief:

None yet

Issues

General/Misc.:

Search policies

Discrimination Area:

Conditions of Employment (including assignment, transfer, hours, working conditions, etc.)

Discharge / Constructive Discharge / Layoff

Disparate Impact

Disparate Treatment

Harassment / Hostile Work Environment

Discrimination Basis:

Gender identity

Affected Sex/Gender(s):

Female

Jails, Prisons, Detention Centers, and Other Institutions:

Strip search policy (facilities)